Dry Heat Versus Sitz Bath On Episiotomy Wound Heating And Pelvic Pain

NCT05186532 | Completed DMC

• 1 other identifier: 4445566888
• Study Type: interventional
• Target: 100
• Locations: 1 country
• Sites: 1

Brief Summary

Objective: To compare the effect of dry heat versus moist heat application on episiotomy wound healing and pain among postnatal mothers. Research hypothesis H0: Postnatal mothers who apply dry heat on their episiotomy wound experience the same wound healing and pain as those who apply moist heat. H1: Postnatal mothers who apply dry heat on their episiotomy wound experience faster wound healing and less pain than those who apply moist heat. H2: Postnatal mothers who apply moist heat on their episiotomy wound experience faster wound healing and less pain than those who apply dry heat.

Conditions

Wound Heal; Pain, Postoperative

Keywords

Infrared Rays; Heat; Hydrotherapy; episiotomy; Pelvic Pain; wound healing

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (2)

• Pelvic pain

  The researchers measured the pelvic pain intensity using Visual analogue scale: This scale was adopted and translated to an Arabic version to be used in the current study. It was developed by Melzack and Katz (1994). It is a self-reported device consisting of a horizontal line used for subjective estimation of patient's pain. It comprises 10-point numerical scale, corresponding to the degree of pain with zero representing no pain and 10 representing the worst degree of pain. Scores 1, 2, 3 indicate mild pain, while 4, 5, 6 scores indicate moderate pain and 7, 8, 9 scores indicate severe pain; finally, 10 indicate the worst unbearable pain

  After 10 days

• Episiotomy wound healing

  The researchers assessed episiotomy wound healing using The standardized Redness, Oedema, Ecchymosis, Discharge, Approximation (REEDA) scale ; The REEDA scale is an observational check list used for assessing perineal wound healing that was primarily developed by Davidson (1974). It can be used to assess all types of postpartum perineal trauma. It has five components namely Redness, Edema, Ecchymosis, Discharge and Approximation of the wound edges. Each component takes a score ranged from 0 to 3 . Total REEDA score ranges between 0 and 15. Higher score indicates poor wound healing while lower score indicates good wound healing. The total score of REEDA scale was categorized as follows; Completely healed from 0 to 2 , Moderately healed from 3 to 5 , Mildly healed from 6 to 8, and Not healed from 9 to 15

  After 10 days

Study Arms (2)

Dry heat group

EXPERIMENTAL

infra red-light therapy that supplies radiant heat or infra-red rays to produce heat to the episiotomy wound.

Radiation: Dry Heat Application

Moist heat group

ACTIVE COMPARATOR

warm sitz bath in which a woman is asked to sit in a warm water tub up to the hip level.

Other: Moist Heat Application

Interventions

Dry Heat Application RADIATION

50 postnatal women they were encouraged to place an infrared lamp at distance of 45 cm from the perineum and the heat produced with 230 volts for ten minutes. But the mother is checked after the first five minutes to make sure that she was not being burned. The researchers were demonstrated for each woman how to use infrared lamp, and it was followed by re demonstrations and discussions. After 12 hours of episiotomy this procedure was carried out in the morning and evening for ten consecutive days. The researcher gives the infrared lamp device for each woman then restore it after completion of the study.

Dry heat group

Moist Heat Application OTHER

included 50 postnatal women they were encouraged to sit in a basin (tub) of warm water (45 o C -59 o C) without pressure on the perineum and with the feet flat on the floor for 10 minutes. The researchers were demonstrated for each woman how to do warm sitz bath, and it was followed by re demonstrations and discussions. After 12 hours of episiotomy this procedure was carried out in the morning and evening for ten consecutive days.

Moist heat group

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 18 Years - 35 Years
• Gender Eligibility Details: women with normal vaginal delivery and episiotomy and
• Healthy Volunteers: Yes
• Age Groups: Adult (18-64)

You may qualify if:

• Primipara
• First 2 hours after delivery
• Have a normal vaginal delivery
• Have episiotomy
• complaining of perineal discomfort (pain)
• Having a telephone for contact

You may not qualify if:

• The women who were
• use any pain-relieving drug
• labor complications
• postpartum complications
• diabetes
• anemia
• Illiterate

Sponsors & Collaborators

• Alexandria University: lead

Study Sites (1)

Faculty of Nursing

Alexandria, 56321, Egypt

Location

Related Publications (5)

• Priddis H, Schmied V, Dahlen H. Women's experiences following severe perineal trauma: a qualitative study. BMC Womens Health. 2014 Feb 21;14(1):32. doi: 10.1186/1472-6874-14-32.

  PMID: 24559056 BACKGROUND

• Steen M, Cummins B. How to alleviate perineal pain following an episiotomy. Nurs Stand. 2016 Mar 30;30(31):34-7. doi: 10.7748/ns.30.31.34.s43. No abstract available.

  PMID: 27027195 BACKGROUND

• Swain J, Dahlen HG. Putting evidence into practice: a quality activity of proactive pain relief for postpartum perineal pain. Women Birth. 2013 Mar;26(1):65-70. doi: 10.1016/j.wombi.2012.03.004. Epub 2012 May 8.

  PMID: 22575710 BACKGROUND

• Petersen MR. Review of interventions to relieve postpartum pain from perineal trauma. MCN Am J Matern Child Nurs. 2011 Jul-Aug;36(4):241-5. doi: 10.1097/NMC.0b013e3182182579.

  PMID: 21709521 BACKGROUND

• Sarbaz Z, Yazdanpanahi Z, Hosseinkhani A, Nazari F, Akbarzadeh M. The Effect of Sitz Bath of Hydro-Alcoholic Extract of Myrrh Gum on Episiotomy Wound Healing in Nulliparous Women. J Family Reprod Health. 2019 Jun;13(2):89-97.

  PMID: 31988645 BACKGROUND

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Pain, Postoperative; Pelvic Pain

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Postoperative Complications; Pathologic Processes; Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms; Pain; Neurologic Manifestations; Signs and Symptoms

Study Officials

• Eman m Taha, professor

  Alexandria University

  STUDY CHAIR

Study Design

• Study Type: interventional
• Phase: not applicable
• Allocation: RANDOMIZED
• Masking: SINGLE
• Who Masked: PARTICIPANT
• Purpose: SUPPORTIVE CARE
• Intervention Model: PARALLEL
• Sponsor Type: OTHER
• Responsible Party: PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
• PI Title: lecturer

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: December 23, 2021
• First Posted: January 11, 2022
• Study Start: January 5, 2021
• Primary Completion: June 30, 2021
• Study Completion: July 1, 2021
• Last Updated: January 11, 2022

Record last verified: 2021-12

Data Sharing

• IPD Sharing: Will not share

Locations

EG (1)