NCT05156736

Brief Summary

Coronary heart disease (CHD) is a major cause of morbidity, disability, mortality, and health expenditures worldwide. A wealth of studies has demonstrated that people of South Asian ancestry have a higher risk of CHD and particularly premature CHD than most other racial/ethnic groups, and recent research suggests that this risk is higher in Pakistanis than in Indians-the two largest SA groups. Pakistan is the 5th most populous country in the world, and despite these concerning trends, so far there has been a scarcity of large studies evaluating the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors and subclinical coronary atherosclerosis in young-to-middle-aged Pakistanis. Also, there is currently no cardiovascular risk score specifically tailored to younger Pakistani men and women. The PAKistan Study of prEmature coronary atHerosclerosis in young AdulTs (PAK-SEHAT) aims at addressing these important gaps. PAK-SEHAT is an ongoing prospective cohort study that will enroll 2,000 asymptomatic Pakistani men aged 35 to 60 years and women aged 35 to 65 years from the general population, free of clinically overt cardiovascular disease. Participants will undergo a comprehensive baseline exam including coronary computed tomography angiography, and will be followed for incident events and repeat testing for 5 years. PAK-SEHAT will allow determining the prevalence, severity, determinants, and prognostic significance of early atherosclerosis in apparently healthy young-to-middle-aged Pakistanis. This knowledge can help inform primordial and primary prevention strategies, enhanced cardiovascular risk stratification, and potential plaque-screening approaches in Pakistan, all of which can ultimately help reduce the burden of CHD in the country. In this report investigators describe the rationale, objectives, methods, and discuss the potential implications of the PAK-SEHAT study.

Trial Health

77
On Track

Trial Health Score

Automated assessment based on enrollment pace, timeline, and geographic reach

Enrollment
2,000

participants targeted

Target at P75+ for all trials

Timeline
31mo left

Started Mar 2023

Longer than P75 for all trials

Geographic Reach
1 country

1 active site

Status
recruiting

Health score is calculated from publicly available data and should be used for screening purposes only.

Trial Relationships

Click on a node to explore related trials.

Study Timeline

Key milestones and dates

Study Progress56%
Mar 2023Nov 2028

First Submitted

Initial submission to the registry

November 30, 2021

Completed
14 days until next milestone

First Posted

Study publicly available on registry

December 14, 2021

Completed
1.2 years until next milestone

Study Start

First participant enrolled

March 15, 2023

Completed
4.9 years until next milestone

Primary Completion

Last participant's last visit for primary outcome

February 1, 2028

Expected
9 months until next milestone

Study Completion

Last participant's last visit for all outcomes

November 1, 2028

Last Updated

April 7, 2023

Status Verified

April 1, 2023

Enrollment Period

4.9 years

First QC Date

November 30, 2021

Last Update Submit

April 5, 2023

Conditions

Keywords

ATHEROSCLEROSISCARDIOVASCULAR DISEASESOUTH ASIANYOUNGPAKISTANEPIDEMIOLOGY

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (1)

  • Burden of atherosclerotic plaque assessed via coronary computed tomography angiography

    Burden and progression of atherosclerotic plaque will by measured by coronary computed tomographical angiography (CCTA). Participants will first undergo a non-contrast-enhanced cardiac CT for coronary artery calcium (CAC) scoring, followed by a contrast-enhanced CCTA. Toshiba Aquilion Multislice CT scanners and prospective ECG triggering will be used. Sublingual nitroglycerin will be administered as per standard protocols approximately 3 minutes before the CCTA scan, and intravenous contrast will be injected at a rate of 5.5-7 ml/s depending on the body habitus of the participant; for an average patient, the dose of contrast is expected to be approximately 60-80 mL. The non-contrast-enhanced images will be transferred to the Cardiology CT core lab at Tabba Heart Institute and evaluated by trained radiologists who will quantify CAC according to Agatston's method.

    5 years

Secondary Outcomes (3)

  • Incidence of diabetes measured by HbA1C

    5 years

  • Risk factors of clinical cardiovascular disease

    5 years

  • Incidence of hypertension in mm Hg measured by Omron digital BP apprataus

    5 years

Study Arms (1)

Young Pakistanis

Young pakistani population with no history of cardiovascular disease and stroke

Eligibility Criteria

Age35 Years - 65 Years
Sexall
Healthy VolunteersYes
Age GroupsAdult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)
Sampling MethodNon-Probability Sample
Study Population

We plan to recruit 2,000 young-to-middle aged adult Pakistani men and women with no known clinical ASCVD. Because the focus of this study is to investigate the prevalence, severity, and determinants of early coronary atherosclerosis in Pakistani adults, we will focus on apparently healthy (i.e., without known clinical CVD) young native Pakistanis. Also, because premature coronary events are more frequent and usually observed at younger ages in men than in women, the age range of male participants at enrollment will be 35-60 years, while this will be 35-65 years for female participants; and enrollment will use a 1:1 male: female ratio.

You may qualify if:

  • Native Pakistani
  • Men aged 35-60 years \& women aged 35-65 years
  • Willing to consent to participation

You may not qualify if:

  • eGFR \< 60 ml/min/1.73m2
  • Pregnant women
  • History of stroke or MI (CABG or PCI)
  • History of Peripheral arterial disease
  • Weight more than 102 Kg
  • Any active malignancy
  • Known contraindication from contrast used in cardiac CTA
  • Expected migration from residential area within 5 years

Contact the study team to confirm eligibility.

Sponsors & Collaborators

Study Sites (1)

Tabba Heart Institute

Karachi, Sindh, 74500, Pakistan

RECRUITING

Related Publications (1)

  • Hanif B, Sheikh S, Peerwani G, Cainzos-Achirica M, Javed W, Baqar JB, Samad Z, Bashir F, S Virani S, Nasir K, Aijaz S. PAKistan Study of prEmature coronary atHerosclerosis in young AdulTs (PAK-SEHAT): a prospective longitudinal study protocol investigating the prevalence, severity and determinants of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease in the young adult Pakistani population. BMJ Open. 2023 Nov 19;13(11):e076045. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-076045.

Biospecimen

Retention: SAMPLES WITH DNA

Approximately 10 ml of blood will be stored for at least 10 years.

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Plaque, AtheroscleroticDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2HypertensionStrokeAtherosclerosisCardiovascular Diseases

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Pathological Conditions, AnatomicalPathological Conditions, Signs and SymptomsDiabetes MellitusGlucose Metabolism DisordersMetabolic DiseasesNutritional and Metabolic DiseasesEndocrine System DiseasesVascular DiseasesCerebrovascular DisordersBrain DiseasesCentral Nervous System DiseasesNervous System DiseasesArteriosclerosisArterial Occlusive Diseases

Central Study Contacts

Study Design

Study Type
observational
Observational Model
COHORT
Time Perspective
PROSPECTIVE
Sponsor Type
OTHER
Responsible Party
SPONSOR

Study Record Dates

First Submitted

November 30, 2021

First Posted

December 14, 2021

Study Start

March 15, 2023

Primary Completion (Estimated)

February 1, 2028

Study Completion (Estimated)

November 1, 2028

Last Updated

April 7, 2023

Record last verified: 2023-04

Data Sharing

IPD Sharing
Will not share

Locations