Reliability and Validity of Inline Dynamometry Study for Measuring Knee Extensor Torque

NCT05109871 | Completed Results

• 1 other identifier: SP0558
• Study Type: interventional
• Target: 102
• Locations: 1 country
• Sites: 1

Brief Summary

This study will investigate the reliability and validity of an inline 'pull-type' dynamometer for measuring peak knee extensor torque. For the reliability study, healthy volunteers will be assessed by two assessors (inter-rater) at the index testing session, with testing repeated by one assessor one week later (test-retest). Validity will be investigated against isometric electromechanical dynamometry (gold standard) in patients following anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction.

Conditions

Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries; Anterior Cruciate Ligament Rupture; Anterior Cruciate Ligament Tear

Keywords

Dynamometer; Dynamometry; Hand held; Inline; Traction; Pull; Validity; Reliability

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (1)

• Peak Knee Extensor Torque Measured in Newton Metres Per kg (Nm/kg)

  Peak knee extensor force (N) multiplied by lever length (m), normalised to body weight (kg)

  30 minutes

Secondary Outcomes (1)

• Pain During Testing on a Numerical Rating Scale (0-10)

  45 weeks

Study Arms (1)

Kforce Link

EXPERIMENTAL

Other: KForce Link

Interventions

KForce Link OTHER

Traction (pull-type) dynamometer

Kforce Link

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 18 Years+
• Sex: all
• Healthy Volunteers: Yes
• Age Groups: Adult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)

You may qualify if:

• Participant is willing and able to give informed consent for participation in the study.
• Male or Female, aged 18 years or above.

You may not qualify if:

• For the ACL reconstruction participant cohort: diagnosed with ACL injury that was managed with ACL reconstruction surgery, with or without additional meniscal surgery. If medicated, stable dose of current regular medication for at least 4 weeks prior to study entry.
• For the healthy control participant cohort: no current or previous history of significant lower limb injury, or a history of previous minor injury that is symptomatic at the time of recruitment. No previous lower limb surgery. No course of medication, whether prescribed or over the counter, other than vitamins and mineral supplements or, for females, oral contraceptives.
• Unable to provide written consent to study participation, or there are contraindications to maximal force testing, including the following:
• History of chronic disease or disorder that may put the participants at risk because of participation in the study including non-united fractures, epilepsy, cardiac insufficiency, severe peripheral vascular disease, aneurysms, anticoagulant therapy, recent (\<3 months) radiotherapy or chemotherapy, long term steroid use (\>3 months), pregnancy, neurological disorders (e.g., Parkinson's disease), skin conditions at point of force testing, severe osteoporosis, malignancy, rheumatoid arthritis.
• Conditions or symptoms that may influence the result of the study, or the participant's ability to participate in the study including pain, limited range of motion, knee effusion, or anaemia.

Sponsors & Collaborators

• Liverpool University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust: lead

Study Sites (1)

Aintree University Hospital

Liverpool, Merseyside, L9 7AL, United Kingdom

Location

Related Publications (9)

• Stark T, Walker B, Phillips JK, Fejer R, Beck R. Hand-held dynamometry correlation with the gold standard isokinetic dynamometry: a systematic review. PM R. 2011 May;3(5):472-9. doi: 10.1016/j.pmrj.2010.10.025.

  PMID: 21570036 BACKGROUND

• Whiteley R, Jacobsen P, Prior S, Skazalski C, Otten R, Johnson A. Correlation of isokinetic and novel hand-held dynamometry measures of knee flexion and extension strength testing. J Sci Med Sport. 2012 Sep;15(5):444-50. doi: 10.1016/j.jsams.2012.01.003. Epub 2012 Mar 15.

  PMID: 22424705 BACKGROUND

• Bohannon RW, Bubela DJ, Wang YC, Magasi SR, Gershon RC. Adequacy of belt-stabilized testing of knee extension strength. J Strength Cond Res. 2011 Jul;25(7):1963-7. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181e4f5ce.

  PMID: 21399535 BACKGROUND

• Kelln BM, McKeon PO, Gontkof LM, Hertel J. Hand-held dynamometry: reliability of lower extremity muscle testing in healthy, physically active,young adults. J Sport Rehabil. 2008 May;17(2):160-70. doi: 10.1123/jsr.17.2.160.

  PMID: 18515915 BACKGROUND

• Hansen EM, McCartney CN, Sweeney RS, Palimenio MR, Grindstaff TL. Hand-held Dynamometer Positioning Impacts Discomfort During Quadriceps Strength Testing: A Validity and Reliability Study. Int J Sports Phys Ther. 2015 Feb;10(1):62-8.

  PMID: 25709864 BACKGROUND

• Sinacore JA, Evans AM, Lynch BN, Joreitz RE, Irrgang JJ, Lynch AD. Diagnostic Accuracy of Handheld Dynamometry and 1-Repetition-Maximum Tests for Identifying Meaningful Quadriceps Strength Asymmetries. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2017 Feb;47(2):97-107. doi: 10.2519/jospt.2017.6651.

  PMID: 28142362 BACKGROUND

• Almeida GPL, Albano TR, Melo AKP. Hand-held dynamometer identifies asymmetries in torque of the quadriceps muscle after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 2019 Aug;27(8):2494-2501. doi: 10.1007/s00167-018-5245-3. Epub 2018 Oct 30.

  PMID: 30377716 BACKGROUND

• Suzuki T. Reliability of measurements of knee extensor muscle strength using a pull-type hand-held dynamometer. J Phys Ther Sci. 2015 Mar;27(3):967-71. doi: 10.1589/jpts.27.967. Epub 2015 Mar 31.

  PMID: 25931771 BACKGROUND

• Norris R, Morrison S, Price A, Pulford S, Meira E, O'Neill S, Williams H, Maddox TW, Carter P, Oldershaw RA. Inline dynamometry provides reliable measurements of quadriceps strength in healthy and ACL-reconstructed individuals and is a valid substitute for isometric electromechanical dynamometry following ACL reconstruction. Knee. 2024 Jan;46:136-147. doi: 10.1016/j.knee.2023.12.006. Epub 2023 Dec 23.

  PMID: 38142660 DERIVED

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Knee Injuries; Leg Injuries; Wounds and Injuries

Results Point of Contact

• Title: Richard Norris
• Organization: Liverpool University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust

richard.norris2@liverpoolft.nhs.uk

0151529 2534

Study Officials

• Richard Norris, BSc

  Aintree University Hospital

  PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

Publication Agreements

• PI is Sponsor Employee: Yes

Study Design

• Study Type: interventional
• Phase: not applicable
• Allocation: NA
• Masking: NONE
• Purpose: OTHER
• Intervention Model: SINGLE GROUP
• Sponsor Type: OTHER GOV
• Responsible Party: SPONSOR

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: September 21, 2021
• First Posted: November 5, 2021
• Study Start: September 20, 2021
• Primary Completion: August 1, 2022
• Study Completion: August 2, 2022
• Last Updated: May 1, 2025
• Results First Posted: May 1, 2025

Record last verified: 2022-05

Data Sharing

• IPD Sharing: Will not share

Locations

GB (1)