NCT04848480

Brief Summary

This study compares insulin icodec (a new insulin) to insulin degludec (an insulin already available on the market) in people with type 1 diabetes. The study will look at how well insulin icodec taken weekly controls blood sugar compared to insulin degludec taken daily. Participants will either get insulin icodec that participants will have to inject once a week on the same day of the week, or insulin degludec that participants will have to inject once a day at the same time every day. Which treatment participants get is decided at random. Participants will also get a mealtime insulin. The insulin is injected with a needle in a skin fold in the thigh, upper arm or stomach. The study will last for about 1 year and 2 months. Participants will have 28 clinic visits and 28 phone calls with the study doctor. At 11 clinic visits participants will have blood samples taken. At 6 clinic visits participants cannot eat or drink (except for water) for 8 hours before the visit. Participants will be asked to wear a sensor that measures your blood sugar all the time. Participants will be asked to wear it for a total of 57 weeks (around 1 year). Women cannot take part if pregnant, breast-feeding or plan to become pregnant during the study period.

Trial Health

98
On Track

Trial Health Score

Automated assessment based on enrollment pace, timeline, and geographic reach

Strong global presence with extensive site network
Enrollment
582

participants targeted

Target at P75+ for phase_3

Timeline
Completed

Started Apr 2021

Geographic Reach
12 countries

130 active sites

Status
completed

Health score is calculated from publicly available data and should be used for screening purposes only.

Trial Relationships

Click on a node to explore related trials.

Study Timeline

Key milestones and dates

First Submitted

Initial submission to the registry

April 16, 2021

Completed
3 days until next milestone

First Posted

Study publicly available on registry

April 19, 2021

Completed
11 days until next milestone

Study Start

First participant enrolled

April 30, 2021

Completed
12 months until next milestone

Primary Completion

Last participant's last visit for primary outcome

April 28, 2022

Completed
7 months until next milestone

Study Completion

Last participant's last visit for all outcomes

December 2, 2022

Completed
2.5 years until next milestone

Results Posted

Study results publicly available

June 12, 2025

Completed
Last Updated

December 4, 2025

Status Verified

November 1, 2025

Enrollment Period

12 months

First QC Date

April 16, 2021

Results QC Date

April 23, 2025

Last Update Submit

November 27, 2025

Conditions

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (1)

  • Change in Glycosylated Haemoglobin (HbA1c) at Week 26

    Change in HbA1c from baseline to week 26 is presented. Data is reported for 'in-trial' period. In-trial observation period started at randomisation and ended at the date of: the last direct participant-site contact; withdrawal for participants who withdrew their informed consent; the last participant-investigator contact as defined by the investigator for participants who were lost to follow-up (i.e. possibly an unscheduled phone visit); death for participants who died before any of the above.

    Baseline (week 0), week 26

Secondary Outcomes (17)

  • Change in Glycosylated Haemoglobin (HbA1c) at Week 52

    Baseline (week 0), week 52

  • Change in Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG)

    Baseline (week 0), week 26

  • Percentage of Time in Range 3.9-10.0 mmol/L (70-180 Milligrams Per Deciliter [mg/dL]) Using Continuous Glucose Monitoring (CGM) System

    From week 22 to week 26

  • Change in Diabetes Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire (DTSQs) in Total Treatment Satisfaction

    Baseline (week 0), week 26

  • Number of Severe Hypoglycaemic Episodes (Level 3): From Baseline (Week 0) to Week 26

    From baseline (week 0) to week 26

  • +12 more secondary outcomes

Study Arms (2)

Insulin icodec + insulin aspart

EXPERIMENTAL

insulin icodec once a week in combination with 2-4 times daily injections of insulin aspart at meal times.

Drug: insulin icodecDrug: insulin aspart

Insulin degludec + insulin aspart

ACTIVE COMPARATOR

insulin degludec once a day in combination with 2-4 times daily injections of insulin aspart at meal times.

Drug: insulin degludecDrug: insulin aspart

Interventions

insulin icodec 700 units/mL, subcutaneously (under the skin), solution for injection once weekly

Insulin icodec + insulin aspart

insulin degludec 100 units/mL, subcutaneously (under the skin), solution for injection once daily

Insulin degludec + insulin aspart

insulin aspart 100 units/mL, subcutaneously (under the skin), solution for injection daily

Insulin degludec + insulin aspartInsulin icodec + insulin aspart

Eligibility Criteria

Age18 Years+
Sexall
Healthy VolunteersNo
Age GroupsAdult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)

You may qualify if:

  • Male or female aged greater than or equal to 18 years at the time of signing informed consent.
  • Diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus greater than or equal to 1 year prior to the day of screening.
  • Treated with multiple daily insulin injections (basal and bolus insulin analogue regimes) greater than or equal to 1 year prior to the day of screening.
  • HbA1c below10% at screening visit based on analysis from central laboratory.

You may not qualify if:

  • Myocardial infarction, stroke, hospitalization for unstable angina pectoris or transient ischaemic attack within 180 days prior to the day of screening.
  • Chronic heart failure classified as New York Heart Association (NYHA) Class IV at screening.
  • Anticipated initiation or change in concomitant medications (for more than 14 consecutive days) known to affect weight or glucose metabolism (e.g. treatment with orlistat, thyroid hormones, or corticosteroids).
  • Uncontrolled and potentially unstable diabetic retinopathy or maculopathy. Verified by a fundus examination performed within the past 90 days prior to screening or in the period between screening and randomisation. Pharmacological pupil-dilation is a requirement unless using a digital fundus photography camera specified for non-dilated examination.

Contact the study team to confirm eligibility.

Sponsors & Collaborators

Study Sites (130)

John Muir Physicians Network

Concord, California, 94520, United States

Location

Headlands Research California, LLC

Escondido, California, 92025, United States

Location

Valley Research

Fresno, California, 93720, United States

Location

Scripps Whittier Diabetes Inst

La Jolla, California, 92037, United States

Location

Diabetes & Endocrine Associates

La Mesa, California, 91942, United States

Location

Mills-Peninsula Hlth Services

San Mateo, California, 94401, United States

Location

Diablo Clinical Research, Inc.

Walnut Creek, California, 94598, United States

Location

Barbara Davis Center

Aurora, Colorado, 80045, United States

Location

Creekside Endocrine Associates, PC

Denver, Colorado, 80246, United States

Location

Christiana Care Health Services, Inc.

Newark, Delaware, 19713, United States

Location

Northeast Research Institute

Fleming Island, Florida, 32003, United States

Location

Center For Diabetes & Endo Care

Fort Lauderdale, Florida, 33312, United States

Location

Hanson Clinical Research Center

Port Charlotte, Florida, 33952, United States

Location

Northeast Research Institute

Saint Augustine, Florida, 32080, United States

Location

Physicians Research Assoc. LLC

Lawrenceville, Georgia, 30046, United States

Location

Endo Res Solutions Inc

Roswell, Georgia, 30076, United States

Location

Northwestern University_Chicago

Chicago, Illinois, 60611, United States

Location

The University of Chicago

Chicago, Illinois, 60637, United States

Location

Cotton-O'Neil Diab & Endo Ctr

Topeka, Kansas, 66606, United States

Location

Endo and Metab Consultants

Rockville, Maryland, 20852, United States

Location

Brigham & Women's Hospital

Boston, Massachusetts, 02115, United States

Location

MassResearch, LLC

Waltham, Massachusetts, 02453, United States

Location

Minn Center For Obesity Met & Endocrinology

Eagan, Minnesota, 55123, United States

Location

International Diabetes Center

Minneapolis, Minnesota, 55416, United States

Location

Jefferson City Medical Group, PC

Jefferson City, Missouri, 65109, United States

Location

Mercy Research

Springfield, Missouri, 65807, United States

Location

Methodist Physicians Clin

Omaha, Nebraska, 68114, United States

Location

Palm Research Center Inc-Vegas

Las Vegas, Nevada, 89128, United States

Location

Southern NH Diabetes and Endo_Nashua

Nashua, New Hampshire, 03060, United States

Location

John J Shelmet, MD

Lawrenceville, New Jersey, 08648, United States

Location

AMC Community Endocrinology

Albany, New York, 12203, United States

Location

Accellacare

Wilmington, North Carolina, 28401, United States

Location

Prisma Health-Upstate

Greenville, South Carolina, 29605-4254, United States

Location

Univ Diab & Endo Consultants

Chattanooga, Tennessee, 37411, United States

Location

Amarillo Med Spec LLP

Amarillo, Texas, 79106, United States

Location

Texas Diab & Endo, P.A.

Austin, Texas, 78731, United States

Location

Texas Diab & Endo, P.A.

Austin, Texas, 78749, United States

Location

Velocity Clinical Res-Dallas

Dallas, Texas, 75230, United States

Location

North Texas Endocrine Center

Dallas, Texas, 75231, United States

Location

PlanIt Research, PLLC

Houston, Texas, 77079, United States

Location

NE Clin Res of San Antonio

San Antonio, Texas, 78233, United States

Location

Rainier Clin Res Ctr Inc

Renton, Washington, 98057, United States

Location

Univ.-Klinik für Innere Medizin

Graz, 8036, Austria

Location

Univ.-Klinik für Innere Medizin I

Innsbruck, 6020, Austria

Location

Fließer-Görzer [Ordination]

Saint Stefan, 8511, Austria

Location

Klinik Landstraße

Vienna, 1030, Austria

Location

Universitätsklinikum AKH Wien

Vienna, 1090, Austria

Location

Klinik Hietzing

Vienna, 1130, Austria

Location

Winnipeg Clinic

Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3C 0N2, Canada

Location

Eastern Health Authority

St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador, A1B 3V6, Canada

Location

Nova Scotia Hlth Halifax

Halifax, Nova Scotia, B3H 1V7, Canada

Location

LMC Clinical Res Thornhill

Concord, Ontario, L4K 4M2, Canada

Location

St. Joseph's Health Care

London, Ontario, N6A 4V2, Canada

Location

Centricity Research LMC

Toronto, Ontario, M4G 3E8, Canada

Location

Ctr de rech Clin de Laval

Laval, Quebec, H7T 2P5, Canada

Location

IRCM

Montreal, Quebec, H2W 1R7, Canada

Location

Centre de recherché du CHUS

Sherbrooke, Quebec, J1H 5N4, Canada

Location

CHU de Quebec-Universite Laval

Québec, G1V 4G2, Canada

Location

Medizinisches Versorgungszentrum Am Bahnhof Spandau GbR

Berlin, 13597, Germany

Location

InnoDiab Forschung GmbH

Essen, 45136, Germany

Location

Zentrum für klinische Forschung, Dr. med. Lüdemann

Falkensee, 14612, Germany

Location

Diabetologische Gemeinschaftspraxis Dr. Staudenmeyer und Dr. Schiwietz

Lingen, 49808, Germany

Location

Die Praxis am Ludwigsplatz

Ludwigshafen, 67059, Germany

Location

Uniklinik Schleswig-Holstein - Medizinischen Klinik I am Campus Lübeck

Lübeck, 23538, Germany

Location

Institut für Diabetesforschung GmbH Münster - Dr. med. Rose

Münster, 48145, Germany

Location

RED-Institut für medizinische Studien und Fortbildung GmbH

Oldenburg I. Holst, 23758, Germany

Location

RED-Institut für medizinische Forschung und Fortbildung GmbH

Oldenburg in Holstein, 23758, Germany

Location

Zentrum für klinische Studien Alexander Segner

Saint Ingbert-Oberwürzbach, 66386, Germany

Location

Diacare diabetes Hormonal Clinic

Ahmedabad, Gujarat, 380 015, India

Location

Calicut Medical College

Kozhikode, Kerala, 673008, India

Location

All India Institute of Medical Sciences

New Dehli, New Delhi, 110029, India

Location

Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education & Research

Chandigarh, Punjab, 160012, India

Location

Fortis Heart Institute and Multispeciality Hospital

Mohali, Punjab, 160062, India

Location

Care Hospital

Hyderabad, 600034, India

Location

Lady Hardinge Medical College

New Delhi, 110001, India

Location

Jothydev's Diabetes & Research Center

Thriruvananthapuram, 695 032, India

Location

Azienda Ospedaliera di Perugia;Ospedale S. Maria della Misericordia

Perugia, Umbria, 06129, Italy

Location

Policlinico Mater Domini Università di Catanzaro

Catanzaro, 88100, Italy

Location

Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Careggi MASTER

Florence, 50134, Italy

Location

Osp. San Raffaele Diabetes Research Institute, Dibit 1

Milan, 20132, Italy

Location

Policlinico Umberto I Clinica Medica DH Diabetologia

Roma, 00161, Italy

Location

Master Centre for Italy

Rome, 00144, Italy

Location

Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS - Dipartimento di scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche

Rome, 00168, Italy

Location

Seino Internal Medicine Clinic_Internal medicine

Koriyama-shi, Fukushima, Japan, 963-8851, Japan

Location

Manda Memorial Hospital_Internal Medicine

Sapporo-shi, Hokkaido, Hokkaido, Japan, 060-0062, Japan

Location

Jinnouchi Hospital_Internal Medicine

Kumamoto, Kumamoto, Japan, 862-0976, Japan

Location

The Institute of Medical Science, Asahi Life Foundation_Internal Medicine

Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 103-0002, Japan

Location

H.E.C Science Clinic

Kanagawa, 235-0045, Japan

Location

Yuri Ono Clinic

Sapporo-shi, Hokkaido, 060-0001, Japan

Location

Tokyo Women's Medical University_Metabolism and Diabetology

Tokyo, 162 8666, Japan

Location

Gelre Ziekenhuizen Apeldoorn

Apeldoorn, 7334 DZ, Netherlands

Location

Rijnstate Ziekenhuis

Arnhem, 6815 AD, Netherlands

Location

Maxima Medisch Centrum

Eindhoven, 5631 BM, Netherlands

Location

Bethesda Diabetes Research Center en Bethesda ziekenhuis

Hoogeveen, 7909 AA, Netherlands

Location

Maastricht Universitair Medisch Centrum

Maastricht, 6229 HX, Netherlands

Location

Ikazia Ziekenhuis

Rotterdam, 3083 AN, Netherlands

Location

Universitair Medisch Centrum Utrecht

Utrecht, 3584 CX, Netherlands

Location

Volosevich First City Clinical Hospital

Arkhangelsk, 163001, Russia

Location

LLC "Clinic of new technologies in Medicine"

Dzerzhinskiy, 140091, Russia

Location

FSBI 'I.I. Dedov National Medical Research Center of Endocrinology' of the MH of Russia

Moscow, 117292, Russia

Location

Endocrinological Dispensary of Department of healthcare ser.

Moscow, 119034, Russia

Location

Endocrinology Dpt,Post-Graduate Medical Education Faculty

Moscow, 123448, Russia

Location

SPb SBHI "Snegirev Maternity Hospital No. 6"

Saint Petersburg, 191014, Russia

Location

City Consultative & Diagnostic Centre #1

Saint Petersburg, 194354, Russia

Location

SPb SBHI City Multifield Hospital #2

Saint Petersburg, 194354, Russia

Location

SPb SBHI City polyclinic #117

Saint Petersburg, 194358, Russia

Location

LLC "Endocrinolog"

Samara, 443031, Russia

Location

SHI Saratov City Clinical Hospital #9

Saratov, 410031, Russia

Location

Saratov regional clinical hospital

Saratov, 410053, Russia

Location

Voronezh Regional Clinical Consultive-diagnostic Centre

Voronezh, 394018, Russia

Location

Yaroslavl Regional Hospital

Yaroslavl, 150062, Russia

Location

Hospital Clinic i Provincial

Barcelona, 08036, Spain

Location

Hospital Clinico Virgen de la Victoria

Málaga, 29010, Spain

Location

Hospital Univ. Central de Asturias

Oviedo, 33011, Spain

Location

Clínica Nuevas Tecnologías en Diabetes y Endocrinología

Seville, 41003, Spain

Location

Çukurova Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Balcalı Hastanesi- Endokrinoloji

Adana, 01150, Turkey (Türkiye)

Location

Aydın Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi Hastanesi

Aydin, 09010, Turkey (Türkiye)

Location

Şişli Hamidiye Etfal Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi- Seyrantepe Yerleşkesi- Endokrinoloji

Istanbul, 34371, Turkey (Türkiye)

Location

Prof. Dr. Cemil Taşcıoğlu Şehir Hastanesi- Endokrinoloji

Istanbul, 34400, Turkey (Türkiye)

Location

Haydarpaşa Numune Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi - Endokrinoloji

Istanbul, 34668, Turkey (Türkiye)

Location

Erciyes Üniversitesi Hastanesi- Nefroloji

Kayseri, 38039, Turkey (Türkiye)

Location

İnönü Üniversitesi Turgut Özal Tıp Merkezi - Kardiyoloji

Malatya, 44280, Turkey (Türkiye)

Location

Southmead Hospital

Bristol, BS10 5NB, United Kingdom

Location

Addenbrooke's Hospital_Cambridge

Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom

Location

Royal Derby Hospital

Derby, DE1 2QY, United Kingdom

Location

Western General Hospital

Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, United Kingdom

Location

Royal Surrey County Hospital - Diabetes

Guildford, GU2 7XX, United Kingdom

Location

Churchill Hospital

Oxford, OX3 7LE, United Kingdom

Location

Lister Hospital

Stevenage, SG1 4AB, United Kingdom

Location

Joint Clinical Research Facility - Swansea

Swansea, SA2 8PP, United Kingdom

Location

Related Publications (4)

  • Philis-Tsimikas A, Bajaj HS, Begtrup K, Cailleteau R, Gowda A, Lingvay I, Mathieu C, Russell-Jones D, Rosenstock J. Rationale and design of the phase 3a development programme (ONWARDS 1-6 trials) investigating once-weekly insulin icodec in diabetes. Diabetes Obes Metab. 2023 Feb;25(2):331-341. doi: 10.1111/dom.14871. Epub 2022 Oct 14.

  • Mohan V, Kesavadev J, Murthy LS, Anil G, Chandrappa M, Kar S, Mishra S. Efficacy and Safety of Once-Weekly Insulin Icodec in Indian Participants with Diabetes: Results from ONWARDS 1, 4, and 6 Studies. Diabetes Ther. 2025 Nov;16(11):2193-2212. doi: 10.1007/s13300-025-01799-4. Epub 2025 Oct 6.

  • Philis-Tsimikas A, Krogsdahl Bache J, Fu A, Kellerer M, Salvesen-Sykes K, Bain SC. Insights on Hospitalisations from the Phase 3a ONWARDS 1-6 Trials of Once-Weekly Insulin Icodec. Diabetes Ther. 2025 Aug;16(8):1615-1631. doi: 10.1007/s13300-025-01745-4. Epub 2025 Jun 4.

  • Russell-Jones D, Babazono T, Cailleteau R, Engberg S, Irace C, Kjaersgaard MIS, Mathieu C, Rosenstock J, Woo V, Klonoff DC. Once-weekly insulin icodec versus once-daily insulin degludec as part of a basal-bolus regimen in individuals with type 1 diabetes (ONWARDS 6): a phase 3a, randomised, open-label, treat-to-target trial. Lancet. 2023 Nov 4;402(10413):1636-1647. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(23)02179-7. Epub 2023 Oct 17.

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1

Interventions

insulin icodecinsulin degludecInsulin Aspart

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Diabetes MellitusGlucose Metabolism DisordersMetabolic DiseasesNutritional and Metabolic DiseasesEndocrine System DiseasesAutoimmune DiseasesImmune System Diseases

Intervention Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Insulin, Short-ActingInsulinsPancreatic HormonesPeptide HormonesHormonesHormones, Hormone Substitutes, and Hormone AntagonistsPeptidesAmino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins

Results Point of Contact

Title
Clinical Reporting Office (2834)
Organization
Novo Nordisk A/S

Study Officials

  • Clinical Transparency (1452)

    Novo Nordisk A/S

    STUDY DIRECTOR

Publication Agreements

PI is Sponsor Employee
No
Restriction Type
OTHER
Restrictive Agreement
Yes

Study Design

Study Type
interventional
Phase
phase 3
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Masking
NONE
Purpose
TREATMENT
Intervention Model
PARALLEL
Sponsor Type
INDUSTRY
Responsible Party
SPONSOR

Study Record Dates

First Submitted

April 16, 2021

First Posted

April 19, 2021

Study Start

April 30, 2021

Primary Completion

April 28, 2022

Study Completion

December 2, 2022

Last Updated

December 4, 2025

Results First Posted

June 12, 2025

Record last verified: 2025-11

Data Sharing

IPD Sharing
Will share

According to the Novo Nordisk disclosure commitment on novonordisk-trials.com

More information

Locations