Blackburn Exercises in Type-1 Scapular Dyskinesia

NCT04747509 | Completed

• 1 other identifier: REC/00866 Rimsha Malik
• Study Type: interventional
• Target: 38
• Locations: 1 country
• Sites: 2

Brief Summary

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effects of Blackburn exercises on Scapulothoracic stability in patients with Type-1 Scapular Dyskinesia, in comparison with conventional physical therapy. A randomized control trial is being conducted at National Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine (NIRM), Islamabad and Railway Hospital, Rawalpindi. The sample size was calculated through open epi tool, is 38. The participants are divided into two equal groups, 19 participants in experimental group and 19 participants in control group. The study duration is six months. Sampling technique applied is non-probability convenient sampling and groups have been randomized using sealed envelope method. Participants aged 25-55 years, having Type-1 Scapular Dyskinesia due to shoulder related causes, positive scapular assistance test, bilateral distance\>1.5 cm in Lateral scapular slide test are being included in the study. Tools that are being used in this study are Lateral Scapular Slide Test, handheld dynamometer, Static measurements with scapula goniometry, and Shoulder pain and disability index (SPADI). Data will be analyzed through Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS).

Conditions

Scapular Dyskinesis

Keywords

Scapulothoracic stability; Blackburn exercises; Lateral scapular slide test; Type-1 Scapular Dyskinesia

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (3)

• Lateral Scapular Slide Test

  Changes from baseline bilateral scapular distance are taken with the help of tape measure.

  12th day

• Handheld Dynamometer

  Changes from baseline grip strength are taken with the help of hand dynamometer.

  12th day

• Static Measurements with Scapular Goniometry

  Changes from baseline measurements of infera, lateral displacement and abduction are taken with the help of tape measure and goniometer.

  12th day

Secondary Outcomes (1)

• Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI)

  12th day

Other Outcomes (1)

• Manual Muscle Testing

  12th day

Study Arms (2)

Blackburn exercises

EXPERIMENTAL

Blackburn exercises and hot pack

Other: Blackburn exercises

Conventional physical therapy

ACTIVE COMPARATOR

Conventional physical therapy and hot pack

Other: Conventional Physical therapy

Interventions

Blackburn exercises OTHER

Experimental group will include Blackburn exercises and hot pack for 10 minutes prior to the application of exercises; 3 sessions/week for a total of 4 weeks. Measurement will be taken at base level and after the last session, i.e. bilateral difference in lateral scapular slide test, serratus anterior and lower trapezius muscle strength, static measurements of scapula ROM, and pain and disability. These exercises will include prone horizontal abduction neutral and with full external rotation, prone horizontal scaption neutral and with full external rotation, prone horizontal external rotation, prone horizontal extension. All these exercises will be performed 3x15 repetitions with 30 seconds rest interval between each set.

Blackburn exercises

Conventional Physical therapy OTHER

Control group will include conventional physical therapy and hot pack for 10 minutes prior to the application of exercises; 3 sessions/week for a total of 4 weeks. Measurement will be taken at base level and after the last session, i.e. bilateral difference in lateral scapular slide test, serratus anterior and lower trapezius muscle strength, static measurements of scapula ROM, and pain and disability. These exercises will include push-ups on a stable surface, upward rotation shrugs and resisted scapular retraction. All these exercises will be performed 3x15 repetitions with 30 seconds rest interval between each set.

Conventional physical therapy

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 25 Years - 55 Years
• Sex: all
• Healthy Volunteers: No
• Age Groups: Adult (18-64)

You may qualify if:

• Type-1 Scapular Dyskinesia patients with shoulder related causes
• Positive scapular assistance test
• Bilateral difference \> 1.5 cm in Lateral Scapular Slide Test

You may not qualify if:

• Non-shoulder related scapular dyskinesia
• Recent fracture or trauma
• Malignancy
• Severe systemic illness
• Corticosteroid injections in the affected shoulder in the preceding 6-9 weeks
• Any other medically diagnoses orthopaedic, neurological or cardiovascular disorder affecting upper extremity function

Sponsors & Collaborators

• Riphah International University: lead

Study Sites (2)

National Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine (NIRM)

Islamabad, Federal, 44000, Pakistan

Location

Railway General Hospital

Rawalpindi, Punjab Province, 46000, Pakistan

Location

Related Publications (11)

• Panagiotopoulos AC, Crowther IM. Scapular Dyskinesia, the forgotten culprit of shoulder pain and how to rehabilitate. SICOT J. 2019;5:29. doi: 10.1051/sicotj/2019029. Epub 2019 Aug 20.

  PMID: 31430250 BACKGROUND

• Kaur N. Effect of Blackburn Exercises in Scapular Dyskinesia: a case report. Journal of the Gujarat Research Society. 2019 Dec 24;21(8):961-7.

  BACKGROUND

• Borloz S, Graf V, Gard S, Ziltener JL. [Scapular dyskinesis]. Rev Med Suisse. 2012 Dec 19;8(367):2422-8. French.

  PMID: 23346745 BACKGROUND

• Shankar P, Jayaprakasan P, Devi R. Effect of scapular stabilisation exercises for type 2 scapular dyskinesis in subjects with shoulder impingement. International Journal of Physiotherapy. 2016 Feb 1;3(1):106-10.

  BACKGROUND

• Longo UG, Risi Ambrogioni L, Berton A, Candela V, Massaroni C, Carnevale A, Stelitano G, Schena E, Nazarian A, DeAngelis J, Denaro V. Erratum: Longo, U.G., et al. Scapular Dyskinesis: From Basic Science to Ultimate Treatment. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2020, 17(8), 2974. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 May 27;17(11):3810. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17113810.

  PMID: 32471164 BACKGROUND

• Sanchez HM, Sanchez EG. Scapular dyskinesis: biomechanics, evaluation and treatment. Int Phys Med Rehab J. 2018;3(6):514-20.

  BACKGROUND

• Jayesh PN, Muragod AR, Motimath B. Open kinematic chain exercises for SICK scapula in competitive asymptomatic over head athletes for 3 weeks. Int J Physiother Res. 2014;2(4):608-15.

  BACKGROUND

• Postacchini R, Carbone S. Scapular dyskinesis: diagnosis and treatment. OA Musculoskeletal Medicine. 2013 Oct 18;1(2):20.

  BACKGROUND

• Manske RC, Grant-Nierman M, Lucas B. Shoulder posterior internal impingement in the overhead athlete. Int J Sports Phys Ther. 2013 Apr;8(2):194-204.

  PMID: 23593557 BACKGROUND

• Panse R, Yeole U, Pawar K, Pawar P. Effects of Blackburn exercises in shoulder impingement on pain and disability in rock climbers. Age. 2018;22:3-57.

  BACKGROUND

• Laudner KG, Stanek JM, Meister K. The relationship of periscapular strength on scapular upward rotation in professional baseball pitchers. J Sport Rehabil. 2008 May;17(2):95-105. doi: 10.1123/jsr.17.2.95.

  PMID: 18515910 BACKGROUND

Study Officials

• Saira Waqqar, PHD*

  Riphah International University

  PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

Study Design

• Study Type: interventional
• Phase: not applicable
• Allocation: RANDOMIZED
• Masking: SINGLE
• Who Masked: OUTCOMES ASSESSOR
• Purpose: TREATMENT
• Intervention Model: PARALLEL
• Sponsor Type: OTHER
• Responsible Party: SPONSOR

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: February 5, 2021
• First Posted: February 10, 2021
• Study Start: February 1, 2021
• Primary Completion: August 1, 2021
• Study Completion: August 1, 2021
• Last Updated: April 15, 2022

Record last verified: 2022-04

Data Sharing

• IPD Sharing: Will not share

Locations

PA (2)