Developing and Evaluating Product Messaging
2 other identifiers
interventional
4,160
1 country
1
Brief Summary
Purpose: To assess the impact of taxes, warnings, and a combination of taxes and warnings on US adults' decisions to purchase products that contain red meat in an online grocery store. Procedures (methods): Participants will be recruited from Prime Panels (an online panel research company). Following online consent, participants will be assigned to one of four trial arms: 1) Control (no warning and no tax), 2) Warnings (all products that contain red meat have a health warning and environmental warning), 3) Tax (30% tax on products that contain red meat), and 4) Combined warning and tax (all products that contain red meat will have the two warnings and a 30% tax). Then, participant will enter an online grocery store reflecting their assigned arm. The participant will be instructed to complete a shopping task in the online grocery store. After completing the shopping task, participants will be redirected to an online survey and answer a series of questions about the shopping task, labels (excluding tax and control groups), and taxes (excluding warning and control groups). Questions will also include standard demographic and health related variables.
Trial Health
Trial Health Score
Automated assessment based on enrollment pace, timeline, and geographic reach
participants targeted
Target at P75+ for not_applicable
Started Oct 2021
1 active site
Health score is calculated from publicly available data and should be used for screening purposes only.
Trial Relationships
Click on a node to explore related trials.
Study Timeline
Key milestones and dates
First Submitted
Initial submission to the registry
January 14, 2021
CompletedFirst Posted
Study publicly available on registry
January 20, 2021
CompletedStudy Start
First participant enrolled
October 18, 2021
CompletedPrimary Completion
Last participant's last visit for primary outcome
October 28, 2021
CompletedStudy Completion
Last participant's last visit for all outcomes
October 28, 2021
CompletedResults Posted
Study results publicly available
September 9, 2022
CompletedAugust 18, 2023
August 1, 2021
10 days
January 14, 2021
August 12, 2022
August 3, 2023
Conditions
Outcome Measures
Primary Outcomes (2)
Count of Products That Contain Red Meat
The number of products in a participant's shopping basket that contain red meat.
At completion of ~15 minute shopping task
Percentage of Red Meat Containing Products
The percentage of products in a participant's shopping basket that contain red meat.
At completion of ~15 minute shopping task
Secondary Outcomes (15)
Total Saturated Fat
At completion of ~15 minute shopping task
Total Sodium
At completion of ~15 minute shopping task
Total Calories
At completion of ~15 minute shopping task
Perceived Healthfulness
~15 minutes post-test computer survey following the ~15 minute shopping task
Perceived Cancer Risk
~15 minutes post-test computer survey following the ~15 minute shopping task
- +10 more secondary outcomes
Other Outcomes (5)
Percentage of Participants Who Support Tax
~15 minutes post-test computer survey following the ~15 minute shopping task
Percentage of Participants Who Support Health Warning Label
~15 minutes post-test computer survey following the ~15 minute shopping task
Percentage of Participants Who Support Environmental Warning Label
~15 minutes post-test computer survey following the ~15 minute shopping task
- +2 more other outcomes
Study Arms (4)
Control
OTHERProducts that contain red meat will not have warning labels or an increase in price.
Warning Labels
EXPERIMENTALThe warning labels are black octagons with white text that appear next to images of products that contain red meat. One label says "WARNING: Eating red meat contributes to colon and rectal cancer" and the other label says "WARNING: Eating red meat harms the environment."
Tax
EXPERIMENTALThe tax is a 30% increase in the price of products that contain red meat.
Combined Warning Labels and Tax
EXPERIMENTALThe Combined Warning Labels and Tax arm features both the warning labels and tax. The warning labels are black octagons with white text that appear next to images of products that contain red meat. One label says "WARNING: Eating red meat contributes to colon and rectal cancer" and the other label says "WARNING: Eating red meat harms the environment." The tax is a 30% increase in the price of red meat products.
Interventions
Participants will complete a shopping task in the online grocery store, and the products that contain red meat will not have warning labels or a 30% increase in price.
While completing the shopping task in the online grocery store, the health and environmental warning labels will appear next to the image of every product that contains red meat.
While completing the shopping task in the online grocery store, all products containing red meat will have a 30% increase in price.
While completing the shopping task in the online grocery store, all products containing red meat will have the health and environmental warning labels appear next to the product image and a 30% increase in price.
Eligibility Criteria
You may qualify if:
- years or older
- Consumes red meat at least once per week.
- Responsible for at least 50% of grocery shopping for the household.
- Lives in the United States
You may not qualify if:
- Individuals who have participated in research studies from previous aims of this research.
Contact the study team to confirm eligibility.
Sponsors & Collaborators
- University of North Carolina, Chapel Hilllead
- Wellcome Trustcollaborator
- University of Edinburghcollaborator
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)collaborator
Study Sites (1)
Carolina Population Center
Chapel Hill, North Carolina, 27516, United States
Related Publications (2)
Willits-Smith A, Taillie LS, Jaacks LM, Frank SM, Grummon AH. Effects of red meat taxes and warning labels on food groups selected in a randomized controlled trial. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2024 Apr 15;21(1):39. doi: 10.1186/s12966-024-01584-9.
PMID: 38622655DERIVEDTaillie LS, Bercholz M, Prestemon CE, Higgins ICA, Grummon AH, Hall MG, Jaacks LM. Impact of taxes and warning labels on red meat purchases among US consumers: A randomized controlled trial. PLoS Med. 2023 Sep 18;20(9):e1004284. doi: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1004284. eCollection 2023 Sep.
PMID: 37721952DERIVED
MeSH Terms
Conditions
Interventions
Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)
Intervention Hierarchy (Ancestors)
Results Point of Contact
- Title
- Lindsey Smith Taillie, PhD
- Organization
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Study Officials
- PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
Lindsey S Taillie, PhD
University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill
- PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
Lindsay Jaacks, PhD
University of Edinburgh
Publication Agreements
- PI is Sponsor Employee
- Yes
Study Design
- Study Type
- interventional
- Phase
- not applicable
- Allocation
- RANDOMIZED
- Masking
- NONE
- Purpose
- PREVENTION
- Intervention Model
- PARALLEL
- Sponsor Type
- OTHER
- Responsible Party
- SPONSOR
Study Record Dates
First Submitted
January 14, 2021
First Posted
January 20, 2021
Study Start
October 18, 2021
Primary Completion
October 28, 2021
Study Completion
October 28, 2021
Last Updated
August 18, 2023
Results First Posted
September 9, 2022
Record last verified: 2021-08
Data Sharing
- IPD Sharing
- Will share
- Shared Documents
- STUDY PROTOCOL, SAP
- Time Frame
- The deidentified dataset and corresponding survey codebook will be available upon publication of study results and will remain on the Harvard Dataverse indefinitely.
- Access Criteria
- Anyone who wishes to access the data.
A deidentified dataset and the survey codebook will be published to the Harvard Dataverse. The study protocol and statistical analysis plan will be published as supporting information with the study results in a peer-reviewed journal.