NCT04600973

Brief Summary

Surgical site infections (SSIs) are associated with increased patient morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs. ESKAPE (Enterococcus, S. aureus, Klebsiella, Acinetobacter, Pseudomonas, and Enterobacter spp.) pathogens are particularly pathogenic because they have increased capacity to acquire resistance and virulence traits. The investigators have proven that a multifaceted program involving improved basic perioperative preventive measures can generate substantial reductions in S. aureus transmission and significant reductions in SSIs (88% reduction as compared to usual care). In this study, the investigators aim to examine the relative effectiveness of each component of this program in controlling ESKAPE transmission and reducing SSIs and to identify an optimal implementation strategy for national dissemination. Randomization occurs at the site level, and sites adopt preventative programs. This work will improve perioperative patient safety for the 51 million patients who undergo surgery each year.

Trial Health

77
On Track

Trial Health Score

Automated assessment based on enrollment pace, timeline, and geographic reach

Enrollment
6,000

participants targeted

Target at P75+ for not_applicable

Timeline
2mo left

Started Jul 2021

Longer than P75 for not_applicable

Geographic Reach
1 country

2 active sites

Status
recruiting

Health score is calculated from publicly available data and should be used for screening purposes only.

Trial Relationships

Click on a node to explore related trials.

Study Timeline

Key milestones and dates

Study Progress97%
Jul 2021Jun 2026

First Submitted

Initial submission to the registry

October 19, 2020

Completed
4 days until next milestone

First Posted

Study publicly available on registry

October 23, 2020

Completed
8 months until next milestone

Study Start

First participant enrolled

July 1, 2021

Completed
5 years until next milestone

Primary Completion

Last participant's last visit for primary outcome

June 30, 2026

Expected
Same day until next milestone

Study Completion

Last participant's last visit for all outcomes

June 30, 2026

Last Updated

December 3, 2025

Status Verified

December 1, 2025

Enrollment Period

5 years

First QC Date

October 19, 2020

Last Update Submit

December 2, 2025

Conditions

Keywords

transmissionESKAPEprevention

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (1)

  • ESKAPE Transmission Events

    One or more epidemiologically related ESKAPE pathogen transmission events (Enterococcus, S. aureus, Klebsiella, Acinetobacter, Pseudomonas, Enterobacter spp.) occurring in a perioperative observational unit. ESKAPE transmission will be defined as ≥ 2 ESKAPE isolates of the same class obtained from ≥ 2 distinct, temporally-associated reservoirs and/or the isolation of ≥ 1 ESKAPE pathogen from a reservoir at case end that was not present at case start, a definition tightly associated with SSI.

    Peri-operative

Secondary Outcomes (1)

  • Surgical Site Infection

    90-day postoperative

Study Arms (4)

Surveillance with Technical Assistance

ACTIVE COMPARATOR

Surveillance will be offered to 3 teams with Technical Assistance (TA) in block randomization. Surveillance tool will execute regularly updated reports (continually updated with laboratory data entry of ESKAPE pathogen isolation results), which generates a set of data that will populate series of tables and graphs for each site based on data collection form as previously reported.

Behavioral: Technical assistance or team-based coaching

Surveillance with EBIP Coaching

ACTIVE COMPARATOR

Surveillance will be offered to 3 teams with Evidence-Based Infection Prevention Bundle (EBIP) coaching in block randomization. Surveillance tool will execute regularly updated reports (continually updated with laboratory data entry of ESKAPE pathogen isolation results), which generates a set of data that will populate series of tables and graphs for each site based on data collection form as previously reported. EBIP involves evidence-based improvements in perioperative hand hygiene, environmental cleaning, vascular care, and patient decolonization. Each participating site will receive monthly team-based coaching to establish a multidisciplinary team charged with continuously improving transmission and infection prevention.

Behavioral: Technical assistance or team-based coaching

Technical Assistance No Surveillance

ACTIVE COMPARATOR

TA will be offered to 3 teams. TA will have monthly scheduled TA calls (60 minutes each) with each team individually to review and discuss the protocol interventions (as is done in the EBIP group) and allow for a consultation with experts on the peri-operative interventions. Surveillance toolkit will only be used for transmission data collection.

Behavioral: Technical assistance or team-based coaching

EBIP Coaching No Surveillance

ACTIVE COMPARATOR

EBIP will be offered to 3 teams. Each participating site will receive monthly team-based coaching to establish a multidisciplinary team charged with continuously improving transmission and infection prevention. EBIP involves evidence-based improvements in perioperative hand hygiene, environmental cleaning, vascular care, and patient decolonization. Surveillance toolkit will only be used for transmission data collection.

Behavioral: Technical assistance or team-based coaching

Interventions

Main comparison in delivering peri-operative preventive strategies against transmission and infection is one on one technical assistance or team-based coaching.

EBIP Coaching No SurveillanceSurveillance with EBIP CoachingSurveillance with Technical AssistanceTechnical Assistance No Surveillance

Eligibility Criteria

Age18 Years+
Sexall
Healthy VolunteersYes
Age GroupsAdult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)

You may not qualify if:

  • patients (125 case pairs) per site in the active phase (N=3,000)
  • patients (125 case pairs) per site in the sustainability phase (N=3,000)
  • Total N=6,000
  • orthopedic total joint and spine procedures
  • operating room conducting orthopedic total joint and spine
  • Surgeons performing orthopedic total joint or spine
  • \- medical centers actively enrolling patients in a bacterial transmission or infection prevention trial
  • \- all elective patients undergoing orthopedic total joint and spine
  • no requirement for anesthesia and/or placement of a peripheral intravenous catheter
  • lack of incision or informed, written consent
  • an allergy to chlorhexidine
  • povidone iodine or isopropyl alcohol
  • ASA health classification status\>5

Contact the study team to confirm eligibility.

Sponsors & Collaborators

Study Sites (2)

Mayo Clinic

Rochester, Minnesota, 55905, United States

RECRUITING

Trustees of Dartmouth College

Hanover, New Hampshire, 03755, United States

RECRUITING

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Infections

Study Officials

  • Jeremiah R Brown, PhD

    Trustees of Dartmouth College

    PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
  • Randy Loftus, MD

    Mayo Clinic

    PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
  • Ib en K Sullivan, PhD

    Trustees of Dartmouth College

    STUDY DIRECTOR

Central Study Contacts

Jeremiah R Brown, PhD

CONTACT

Iben Sullivan, PhD

CONTACT

Study Design

Study Type
interventional
Phase
not applicable
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Masking
NONE
Purpose
PREVENTION
Intervention Model
FACTORIAL
Model Details: 2x2 Factorial
Sponsor Type
OTHER
Responsible Party
SPONSOR

Study Record Dates

First Submitted

October 19, 2020

First Posted

October 23, 2020

Study Start

July 1, 2021

Primary Completion (Estimated)

June 30, 2026

Study Completion (Estimated)

June 30, 2026

Last Updated

December 3, 2025

Record last verified: 2025-12

Data Sharing

IPD Sharing
Will share

The investigators agree to follow all applicable NIH policy and guidance on sharing of resources. The hyper resistant and transmissible strains identified during the course of these studies and for the registry period to follow will be made known via publications and will be shared freely with any scientists who request them. The request process will require submission and review of a research proposal for specimen use by the MPIs. In addition to resource sharing, we will provide relevant protocols and other data sets upon request following review. Should any intellectual property arise during the study period which requires a patent, the investigators will ensure that the technology (materials and data) remains widely available to the research community in accordance with the NIH Principles and Guidelines document.

Shared Documents
STUDY PROTOCOL, SAP, ICF, CSR, ANALYTIC CODE
Time Frame
12 months of study ending
Access Criteria
Follow institutional regulations for access

Locations