NCT04574518

Brief Summary

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of a smoking cessation outreach intervention (TeaM OUT) on increasing use of smoking cessation resources in Veterans. The hypotheses are 1) patients included in the TeaM OUT group will have higher accession of cessation services, such as counseling and medication therapies, compared to patients in enhanced usual care and 2) more patients in the TeaM OUT group will have quit smoking at one year after the intervention. Veterans with a recently diagnosed lung nodule who currently smoke will receive the TeaM OUT intervention or Enhanced Usual Care. The TeaM OUT intervention has 2 parts: 1) a letter that a) describes the nodule and the importance of cessation related to the pulmonary nodule (i.e. teachable moment) and b) notification that a Proactive IVR Quit Line will initiate contact and 2) call(s) from the Proactive IVR Quit Line which a) offers smoking cessation resources and b) helps connect the patient to those resources. The enhanced usual care group will receive a letter that provides information about how to contact the IVR Quit Line. The IVR system will track referrals to cessation services. Additional information about smoking status and use of cessation resources will be collected from the electronic health record and surveys. .

Trial Health

75
On Track

Trial Health Score

Automated assessment based on enrollment pace, timeline, and geographic reach

Enrollment
223

participants targeted

Target at P75+ for not_applicable

Timeline
1mo left

Started Aug 2022

Longer than P75 for not_applicable

Geographic Reach
1 country

3 active sites

Status
active not recruiting

Health score is calculated from publicly available data and should be used for screening purposes only.

Trial Relationships

Click on a node to explore related trials.

Study Timeline

Key milestones and dates

Study Progress98%
Aug 2022May 2026

First Submitted

Initial submission to the registry

September 3, 2020

Completed
1 month until next milestone

First Posted

Study publicly available on registry

October 5, 2020

Completed
1.9 years until next milestone

Study Start

First participant enrolled

August 12, 2022

Completed
3.6 years until next milestone

Primary Completion

Last participant's last visit for primary outcome

March 31, 2026

Completed
2 months until next milestone

Study Completion

Last participant's last visit for all outcomes

May 29, 2026

Expected
Last Updated

April 2, 2026

Status Verified

April 1, 2026

Enrollment Period

3.6 years

First QC Date

September 3, 2020

Last Update Submit

April 1, 2026

Conditions

Multiple Pulmonary NodulesTobacco UseSolitary Pulmonary Nodule

Keywords

tobacco use cessationsmokingevaluation study

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (2)

  • IVR connection to smoking cessation service

    A positive (yes) response is a completed call to a patient who then indicates (by pressing the number keypad) to be connected to one or more smoking cessation resources. In the control group, if the patient calls the Optional IVR Quitline and then requests to be connected to smoking cessation resources it is counted as a positive response. Each patient will be categorized as a "yes" after her/his first positive response to the system, regardless of how many times he/she actually engages with the system.

    56 weeks after nodule identification

  • 7-day point prevalence nicotine abstinence

    Aim 2: Participants will be considered to have quit smoking (including non-combustible) if they respond "no" to the question, "Have you smoked a cigarette (regular or e-cigarette), even a puff, in the past 7 days?"

    56 weeks after exposure to TeaM OUT Intervention or Enhanced Usual Care

Secondary Outcomes (2)

  • Utilization of cessation resources

    72 weeks after nodule identification

  • Incremental Behavior Change Toward Smoking Cessation (IBC-S)

    56 weeks after exposure to TeaM OUT Intervention or Enhanced Usual Care

Other Outcomes (1)

  • Qualitative analysis of IVR intervention

    Patients--56 weeks after exposure to TeaM OUT Intervention or Enhanced Usual Care; Clinical Stakeholders--at least 6 months after clinic randomization

Study Arms (2)

TeaM OUT Intervention

EXPERIMENTAL

The TeaM OUT Intervention has 2 elements: 1) a letter that a) describes the nodule and the importance of cessation related to the pulmonary nodule (i.e. teachable moment) and b) notification that a Proactive IVR Quit line will initiate contact and 2) call(s) from the Proactive IVR Quit Line which a) offers smoking cessation resources and b) helps connect the patient to those resources.

Behavioral: TeaM OUT Intervention

Enhanced Usual Care

OTHER

The Enhanced Usual Care arm also has two elements: 1) a letter that a) describes the nodule without linking it to smoking cessation (i.e. no teachable moment) with b) wording to contact an Optional IVR Quit line if desired and 2) the Optional IVR Quit line which a) offers smoking cessation resources and b) helps connect the patient to those resources.

Behavioral: Enhanced Usual Care

Interventions

TeaM OUT InterventionBEHAVIORAL

The TeaM OUT Intervention has 2 elements: 1) a letter that a) describes the nodule and the importance of cessation related to the pulmonary nodule (i.e. teachable moment) and b) notification that a Proactive IVR Quit line will initiate contact and 2) call(s) from the Proactive IVR Quit Line which a) offers smoking cessation resources and b) helps connect the patient to those resources.

TeaM OUT Intervention
Enhanced Usual CareBEHAVIORAL

The Enhanced Usual Care arm also has two elements: 1) a letter that a) describes the nodule without linking it to smoking cessation (i.e. no teachable moment) with b) wording to contact an Optional IVR Quit line if desired and 2) the Optional IVR Quit line which a) offers smoking cessation resources and b) helps connect the patient to those resources.

Enhanced Usual Care

Eligibility Criteria

Age18 Years+
Sexall
Healthy VolunteersNo
Age GroupsAdult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)

You may qualify if:

  • Newly diagnosed pulmonary nodule with plan for surveillance
  • Active smoker
  • Receiving care at the Portland VA Health Care System, the Minneapolis VA Health Care System, or the Ralph H. Johnson Medical Center (Charleston, SC VA)

Contact the study team to confirm eligibility.

Sponsors & Collaborators

Study Sites (3)

Minneapolis VA Health Care System, Minneapolis, MN

Minneapolis, Minnesota, 55417-2309, United States

Location

VA Portland Health Care System, Portland, OR

Portland, Oregon, 97207-2964, United States

Location

Ralph H. Johnson VA Medical Center, Charleston, SC

Charleston, South Carolina, 29401-5799, United States

Location

Related Publications (26)

  • Reinke LF, Sullivan DR, Slatore C, Dransfield MT, Ruedebusch S, Smith P, Rise PJ, Tartaglione EV, Vig EK, Au DH. A Randomized Trial of a Nurse-Led Palliative Care Intervention for Patients with Newly Diagnosed Lung Cancer. J Palliat Med. 2022 Nov;25(11):1668-1676. doi: 10.1089/jpm.2022.0008. Epub 2022 Jun 1.

    PMID: 35649214BACKGROUND

  • Wiener RS, Barker AM, Carter-Harris L, Caverly TJ, Crocker DA, Denietolis A, Doherty C, Fagerlin A, Gallagher-Seaman M, Gould MK, Han PKJ, Herbst AN, Ito Fukunaga M, McCullough MB, Miano DA, Quaife SL, Slatore CG, Fix GM. Stakeholder Research Priorities to Promote Implementation of Shared Decision-Making for Lung Cancer Screening: An American Thoracic Society and Veterans Affairs Health Services Research and Development Statement. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2022 Mar 15;205(6):619-630. doi: 10.1164/rccm.202201-0126ST.

    PMID: 35289730BACKGROUND

  • Nunez ER, Caverly TJ, Zhang S, Glickman ME, Qian SX, Boudreau JH, Miller DR, Slatore CG, Wiener RS. Factors Associated With Declining Lung Cancer Screening After Discussion With a Physician in a Cohort of US Veterans. JAMA Netw Open. 2022 Aug 1;5(8):e2227126. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.27126.

    PMID: 35972738BACKGROUND

  • Lewis JA, Wiener RS, Slatore CG, Spalluto LB. Doing Versus Documenting Shared Decision-Making for Lung Cancer Screening-Are They the Same? J Am Coll Radiol. 2022 Aug;19(8):954-956. doi: 10.1016/j.jacr.2022.03.019. Epub 2022 May 18. No abstract available.

    PMID: 35594952BACKGROUND

  • Slatore CG, Golden SE, Thomas T, Patzel M, Bumatay S, Shannon J, Davis M. Beliefs and Practices of Primary Care Providers Regarding Performing Low-Dose CT Studies for Lung Cancer Screening. Chest. 2022 Mar;161(3):853-859. doi: 10.1016/j.chest.2021.08.062. Epub 2021 Sep 1. No abstract available.

    PMID: 34480957BACKGROUND

  • Lewis JA, Samuels LR, Denton J, Matheny ME, Maiga A, Slatore CG, Grogan E, Kim J, Sherrier RH, Dittus RS, Massion PP, Keohane L, Roumie CL, Nikpay S. The Association of Health Care System Resources With Lung Cancer Screening Implementation: A Cohort Study. Chest. 2022 Sep;162(3):701-711. doi: 10.1016/j.chest.2022.03.050. Epub 2022 Apr 9.

    PMID: 35413280BACKGROUND

  • Braithwaite D, Karanth SD, Slatore CG, Zhang D, Bian J, Meza R, Jeon J, Tammemagi M, Schabath M, Wheeler M, Guo Y, Hochhegger B, Kaye FJ, Silvestri GA, Gould MK. Personalised Lung Cancer Screening (PLuS) study to assess the importance of coexisting chronic conditions to clinical practice and policy: protocol for a multicentre observational study. BMJ Open. 2022 Jun 22;12(6):e064142. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-064142.

    PMID: 35732383BACKGROUND

  • Wang Q, Stone K, Kern JA, Slatore CG, Swanson S, Blackstock W Jr, Khan RS, Smith CB, Veluswamy RR, Chidel M, Wisnivesky JP. Adverse Events Following Limited Resection versus Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy for Early Stage Lung Cancer. Ann Am Thorac Soc. 2022 Dec;19(12):2053-2061. doi: 10.1513/AnnalsATS.202203-275OC.

    PMID: 35816617BACKGROUND

  • Gundle K, Hooker ER, Golden SE, Shull S, Crothers K, Melzer AC, Slatore CG. Use of Veterans Health Administration Structured Data to Identify Patients Eligible for Lung Cancer Screening. Mil Med. 2023 Jul 22;188(7-8):e2419-e2423. doi: 10.1093/milmed/usad017.

    PMID: 36722178BACKGROUND

  • Golden SE, Schweiger L, Melzer AC, Ono SS, Datta S, Davis JM, Slatore CG. "It's a decision I have to make": Patient perspectives on smoking and cessation after lung cancer screening decisions. Prev Med Rep. 2022 Oct 5;30:102014. doi: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2022.102014. eCollection 2022 Dec.

    PMID: 36237837BACKGROUND

  • Nunez ER, Slatore CG, Tanner NT, Melzer AC, Crothers KA, Lewis JA, Fabbrini AE, Brown JK, Wiener RS. National Survey of Lung Cancer Screening Practices in Veterans Health Administration Facilities. Am J Prev Med. 2023 Nov;65(5):901-905. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2023.05.005. Epub 2023 May 9.

    PMID: 37169315BACKGROUND

  • Kearney LE, Butler C, Nunez ER, Qian S, Slatore CG, Spalluto L, Wiener RS. Highly variable reporting of incidental findings in a national cohort of US veterans screened for lung cancer. Clin Imaging. 2023 Aug;100:21-23. doi: 10.1016/j.clinimag.2023.04.017. Epub 2023 May 2. No abstract available.

    PMID: 37146522BACKGROUND

  • Nugent SM, Slatore CG, Winchell K, Handley R, Clayburgh D, Chandra R, Hooker ER, Knight SJ, Morasco BJ. Prevalence and correlates of high-dose opioid use among survivors of head and neck cancer. Head Neck. 2023 Aug;45(8):2058-2067. doi: 10.1002/hed.27432. Epub 2023 Jun 27.

    PMID: 37366072BACKGROUND

  • Vranas KC, Hooker ER, Golden SE, Nugent S, Slatore CG. Association of Communication Quality With Patient-Centered Outcomes Among Patients With Incidental Pulmonary Nodules. Chest. 2023 Aug;164(2):556-559. doi: 10.1016/j.chest.2023.03.009. Epub 2023 Mar 11. No abstract available.

    PMID: 36907374BACKGROUND

  • Rozema EJ, Creekmur B, Musigdilok VV, Steltz J, Gould MK, Slatore CG. Patient responses to passive enrollment into a large, pragmatic clinical trial: A qualitative content analysis. Contemp Clin Trials. 2022 Oct;121:106925. doi: 10.1016/j.cct.2022.106925. Epub 2022 Sep 13.

    PMID: 36108887BACKGROUND

  • Gogebakan KC, Lange J, Slatore CG, Etzioni R. Modeling the impact of novel systemic treatments on lung cancer screening benefits. Cancer. 2023 Jan 15;129(2):226-234. doi: 10.1002/cncr.34527. Epub 2022 Nov 1.

    PMID: 36320180BACKGROUND

  • Rustagi AS, Byers AL, Brown JK, Purcell N, Slatore CG, Keyhani S. Lung Cancer Screening Among U.S. Military Veterans by Health Status and Race and Ethnicity, 2017-2020: A Cross-Sectional Population-Based Study. AJPM Focus. 2023 Feb 9;2(2):100084. doi: 10.1016/j.focus.2023.100084. eCollection 2023 Jun.

    PMID: 37790642BACKGROUND

  • Sullivan DR, Vranas KC, Delorit M, Golden SE, Slatore CG, Ganzini L, Hansen L. Relationships among clinicians are crucial to successful palliative care integration: a qualitative study in lung cancer. Future Oncol. 2023 Jan;19(3):245-257. doi: 10.2217/fon-2022-0958. Epub 2023 Mar 28.

    PMID: 36974605BACKGROUND

  • Sullivan DR, Wisnivesky JP, Nugent SM, Stone K, Farris MK, Kern JA, Swanson S, Smith CB, Rosenzweig K, Slatore CG. Decision Regret among Patients with Early-stage Lung Cancer Undergoing Radiation Therapy or Surgical Resection. Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol). 2023 Jun;35(6):e352-e361. doi: 10.1016/j.clon.2023.03.015. Epub 2023 Mar 29.

    PMID: 37031075BACKGROUND

  • Golden SE, Disher N, Dieckmann NF, Eden KB, Matlock D, Vranas KC, Slatore CG, Sullivan DR. Show me the roads and give me a road map: Development of a patient conversation tool to improve lung cancer treatment decision-making. PEC Innov. 2022 Oct 21;1:100094. doi: 10.1016/j.pecinn.2022.100094. eCollection 2022 Dec.

    PMID: 37213736BACKGROUND

  • Lewis JA, Samuels LR, Weems J, Park D, Winter R, Lindsell CJ, Callaway-Lane C, Audet C, Slatore CG, Wiener RS, Dittus RS, Kripalani S, Yankelevitz DF, Henschke CI, Moghanaki D, Matheny ME, Vogus TJ, Roumie CL, Spalluto LB. The Association of Organizational Readiness With Lung Cancer Screening Utilization. Am J Prev Med. 2023 Nov;65(5):844-853. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2023.05.018. Epub 2023 May 22.

    PMID: 37224985BACKGROUND

  • Hooker ER, Chapa J, Vranas KC, Niederhausen M, Goodlin SJ, Slatore CG, Sullivan DR. Intersection of Palliative Care and Hospice Use Among Patients With Advanced Lung Cancer. J Palliat Med. 2023 Nov;26(11):1474-1481. doi: 10.1089/jpm.2023.0040. Epub 2023 Jun 1.

    PMID: 37262128BACKGROUND

  • Gould MK, Creekmur B, Qi L, Golden SE, Kaplan CP, Walter E, Mularski RA, Vaszar LT, Fennig K, Steiner J, de Bie E, Musigdilok VV, Altman DA, Dyer DS, Kelly K, Miglioretti DL, Wiener RS, Slatore CG, Smith-Bindman R. Emotional Distress, Anxiety, and General Health Status in Patients With Newly Identified Small Pulmonary Nodules: Results From the Watch the Spot Trial. Chest. 2023 Dec;164(6):1560-1571. doi: 10.1016/j.chest.2023.06.022. Epub 2023 Jun 24.

    PMID: 37356710BACKGROUND

  • Rustagi AS, Slatore CG, Keyhani S. Self-Rated Health and Ability to Climb Stairs: A Pragmatic Health Assessment Before Lung Cancer Screening. Ann Intern Med. 2023 Apr;176(4):568-571. doi: 10.7326/M22-3598. Epub 2023 Mar 7. No abstract available.

    PMID: 36877963BACKGROUND

  • Unger S, Golden SE, Melzer AC, Tanner N, Deepak J, Delorit M, Scott JY, Slatore CG. Study design for a proactive teachable moment tobacco treatment intervention among patients with pulmonary nodules. Contemp Clin Trials. 2022 Oct;121:106908. doi: 10.1016/j.cct.2022.106908. Epub 2022 Sep 8.

    PMID: 36087843RESULT

  • Golden SE, Unger S, Slatore CG. Implementing Smoking Cessation Telehealth Technologies Within the VHA: Lessons Learned. Fed Pract. 2023 Aug;40(8):256-260. doi: 10.12788/fp.0393. Epub 2023 Aug 11.

    PMID: 37868257RESULT

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Solitary Pulmonary NoduleMultiple Pulmonary NodulesTobacco UseTobacco Use CessationSmoking

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Lung DiseasesRespiratory Tract DiseasesLung NeoplasmsRespiratory Tract NeoplasmsThoracic NeoplasmsNeoplasms by SiteNeoplasmsBehaviorHealth Behavior

Study Officials

  • Christopher G. Slatore, MD MS

    VA Portland Health Care System, Portland, OR

    PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

Study Design

Study Type
interventional
Phase
not applicable
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Masking
NONE
Masking Details
Participants will not be informed that the intervention is being implemented in a randomized fashion, but they cannot be blinded to the interventions (letter and IVR) they will receive.
Purpose
HEALTH SERVICES RESEARCH
Intervention Model
SEQUENTIAL
Model Details: The investigators will use a stepped wedge cluster design to randomize at the clinic level (including both community-based outpatient clinics and the main medical center) at each of the 3 sites. The investigators will first institute Enhanced Usual Care for 6 months at each CBOC/medical center. Using a random number generator, the investigators will divide the CBOCs/medical center in the 3 facilities in 4 steps. The investigators will randomize one CBOC at each site to the intervention (interactive voice response quit line) in the first step. For steps 2-4, the investigators will randomize one third of the remaining CBOCs at each facility per step every 6 months.
Sponsor Type
FED
Responsible Party
SPONSOR

Study Record Dates

First Submitted

September 3, 2020

First Posted

October 5, 2020

Study Start

August 12, 2022

Primary Completion

March 31, 2026

Study Completion (Estimated)

May 29, 2026

Last Updated

April 2, 2026

Record last verified: 2026-04

Data Sharing

IPD Sharing
Will share

De-identified data will be saved in our IRB-approved Health Services Research Repository (Portland VA IRB #3535) at the conclusion of the study and requests for access can be submitted to the study team.

Time Frame
Conclusion of the study, estimated to be January 2027

Locations

US(3)