Pilates and the Pelvic Floor: A Quasi-experimental Study
The Effects of the Pilates Method on Pelvic Floor Injuries During Pregnancy and Childbirth: A Quasi-experimental Study
1 other identifier
interventional
72
1 country
1
Brief Summary
In this paper, it is postulates that in pregnant women, the practice of PM led by a qualified professional for a period of four weeks can reduce the incidence of pelvic floor dysfunction (PFD) by decreasing the number of birth injuries.
Trial Health
Trial Health Score
Automated assessment based on enrollment pace, timeline, and geographic reach
participants targeted
Target at P25-P50 for not_applicable pregnancy
Started Nov 2018
1 active site
Health score is calculated from publicly available data and should be used for screening purposes only.
Trial Relationships
Click on a node to explore related trials.
Study Timeline
Key milestones and dates
Study Start
First participant enrolled
November 5, 2018
CompletedPrimary Completion
Last participant's last visit for primary outcome
July 31, 2019
CompletedStudy Completion
Last participant's last visit for all outcomes
December 27, 2019
CompletedFirst Submitted
Initial submission to the registry
June 10, 2020
CompletedFirst Posted
Study publicly available on registry
June 16, 2020
CompletedJune 17, 2020
June 1, 2020
9 months
June 10, 2020
June 15, 2020
Conditions
Keywords
Outcome Measures
Primary Outcomes (1)
Changes in the presence of pelvic floor injuries during childbirth after a Pilates Method program
Decrease in the number of episiotomies and perineal tears
Between the eighth and tenth day after birth
Study Arms (2)
PILATES METHOD
EXPERIMENTALIt was intended the Pilates program were low supervision and easily realizable by all patients, which implied flexibility in the schedule. In this sense the sessions of Pilates was adjusted to these assumptions and the Pilates monitor offered several schedules on diferent days of the week. The pregnant women assigned to the intervention group were supervised by the midwifery of reference and trained by a Pilates monitor who explained the training program. The women received eight sessions of Pilates, given with a frequency of two classes per week and one hour of duration during a period of four weeks. The exercises for each session were determined beforehand. In addition, the participants maintained the usual monitoring of pregnancy valued by the reference average, attending the sessions of the maternal education program of their health center. The therapeutic control were carried out by telephone call and clinical history review between the eighth and tenth day postpartum.
MATERNAL EDUCATION
NO INTERVENTIONThe control group maintained the usual monitoring of pregnancy valued by the reference average, attending the sessions of the maternal education program of their health center. Therapeutic control was carried out by phone call and review of the clinical history between the eighth and tenth day postpartum.
Interventions
It is intended that the Pilates program have a duration of four weeks and its realization does not suppose an excessive consumption of resources. Therefore, it must have a series of characteristics: low supervision and easily realizable by all patients, which implies flexibility in the schedule. In this sense the sessions of Pilates is adjusted to these assumptions and the Pilates monitor offers several schedules on diferent days of week. The pregnant women assigned to the intervention group will be supervised by the midwifery of reference and trained by a Pilates monitor who will explain the training program and resolve the doubts raised by the women. The therapeutic control will be carried out by telephone call and clinical history review between the eighth and tenth day.
Eligibility Criteria
You may qualify if:
- To go to the Maternal Education program.
- Give your written consent to participate in the study.
- Singleton pregnancy.
- Low-risk pregnancy.
- No contraindication to physical exercise.
- Age equals or more than 18 years old.
- Excusion Criteria:
- Pregnant women with poor pregnancy control.
- Difficulty in speaking or understanding Spanish.
- Required a C-section during delivery.
- Refusal to participate in the study.
Contact the study team to confirm eligibility.
Sponsors & Collaborators
Study Sites (1)
Carmen Feria Ramírez
Lepe, Huelva, 21440, Spain
Related Publications (41)
Almagiá E. Influencia del estado emocional en la salud física. Terapia psicológica. 2003; 21(1): 38.
BACKGROUNDAguiar M, Farley A, Hope L, Amin A, Shah P, Manaseki-Holland S. Birth-Related Perineal Trauma in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Matern Child Health J. 2019 Aug;23(8):1048-1070. doi: 10.1007/s10995-019-02732-5.
PMID: 30915627BACKGROUNDDieb AS, Shoab AY, Nabil H, Gabr A, Abdallah AA, Shaban MM, Attia AH. Perineal massage and training reduce perineal trauma in pregnant women older than 35 years: a randomized controlled trial. Int Urogynecol J. 2020 Mar;31(3):613-619. doi: 10.1007/s00192-019-03937-6. Epub 2019 Apr 2.
PMID: 30941442BACKGROUNDGraham ID, Carroli G, Davies C, Medves JM. Episiotomy rates around the world: an update. Birth. 2005 Sep;32(3):219-23. doi: 10.1111/j.0730-7659.2005.00373.x.
PMID: 16128977BACKGROUNDJansson MH, Nilsson K, Franzen K. Development and validation of a protocol for documentation of obstetric perineal lacerations. Int Urogynecol J. 2019 Dec;30(12):2069-2076. doi: 10.1007/s00192-019-03915-y. Epub 2019 Mar 19.
PMID: 30888454BACKGROUNDJiang H, Qian X, Carroli G, Garner P. Selective versus routine use of episiotomy for vaginal birth. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2017 Feb 8;2(2):CD000081. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD000081.pub3.
PMID: 28176333BACKGROUNDLatorre GFS, de Fraga R, Seleme MR, Mueller CV, Berghmans B. An ideal e-health system for pelvic floor muscle training adherence: Systematic review. Neurourol Urodyn. 2019 Jan;38(1):63-80. doi: 10.1002/nau.23835. Epub 2018 Oct 30.
PMID: 30375056BACKGROUNDMączka M, Sass A. Pilates and mobilization methods in therapy for low back pain among pregnant women. Journal of Exercise Science & Fitness. 2017; 7(8): 473-488.
BACKGROUNDBoix-Vilella S, León-Zarceño E, Serrano-Rosa MA. Evidencias de la práctica Pilates sobre la salud mental de personas sanas. Rev Universidad y Salud. 2017; 19(2): 301-308.
BACKGROUNDBozkurt M, Yumru AE, Sahin L. Pelvic floor dysfunction, and effects of pregnancy and mode of delivery on pelvic floor. Taiwan J Obstet Gynecol. 2014 Dec;53(4):452-8. doi: 10.1016/j.tjog.2014.08.001.
PMID: 25510682BACKGROUNDCraig CL, Marshall AL, Sjostrom M, Bauman AE, Booth ML, Ainsworth BE, Pratt M, Ekelund U, Yngve A, Sallis JF, Oja P. International physical activity questionnaire: 12-country reliability and validity. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2003 Aug;35(8):1381-95. doi: 10.1249/01.MSS.0000078924.61453.FB.
PMID: 12900694BACKGROUNDCruz-Ferreira A, Fernandes J, Laranjo L, Bernardo LM, Silva A. A systematic review of the effects of pilates method of exercise in healthy people. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2011 Dec;92(12):2071-81. doi: 10.1016/j.apmr.2011.06.018. Epub 2011 Oct 24.
PMID: 22030232BACKGROUNDCulligan PJ, Scherer J, Dyer K, Priestley JL, Guingon-White G, Delvecchio D, Vangeli M. A randomized clinical trial comparing pelvic floor muscle training to a Pilates exercise program for improving pelvic muscle strength. Int Urogynecol J. 2010 Apr;21(4):401-8. doi: 10.1007/s00192-009-1046-z. Epub 2010 Jan 22.
PMID: 20094704BACKGROUNDDavidson K, Jacoby S, Brown MS. Prenatal perineal massage: preventing lacerations during delivery. J Obstet Gynecol Neonatal Nurs. 2000 Sep-Oct;29(5):474-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1552-6909.2000.tb02768.x.
PMID: 11012126BACKGROUNDDias NT, Ferreira LR, Fernandes MG, Resende APM, Pereira-Baldon VS. A Pilates exercise program with pelvic floor muscle contraction: Is it effective for pregnant women? A randomized controlled trial. Neurourol Urodyn. 2018 Jan;37(1):379-384. doi: 10.1002/nau.23308. Epub 2017 May 23.
PMID: 28543751BACKGROUNDD'Souza JC, Monga A, Tincello DG. Risk factors for perineal trauma in the primiparous population during non-operative vaginal delivery. Int Urogynecol J. 2020 Mar;31(3):621-625. doi: 10.1007/s00192-019-03944-7. Epub 2019 May 2.
PMID: 31049642BACKGROUNDEscuriet R, Pueyo MJ, Perez-Botella M, Espada X, Salgado I, Gomez A, Biescas H, Espiga I, White J, Fernandez R, Fuste J, Ortun V. Cross-sectional study comparing public and private hospitals in Catalonia: is the practice of routine episiotomy changing? BMC Health Serv Res. 2015 Mar 11;15:95. doi: 10.1186/s12913-015-0753-z.
PMID: 25889079BACKGROUNDGuzmán P, Díaz AM, Gómez D, Guzmán R, Guzmán A. Actuación del fisioterapeuta en el tratamiento integral de la embarazada. Nure Investigación. 2013; 2(63): 1-8.
BACKGROUNDHoward D, Makhlouf M. Can pelvic floor dysfunction after vaginal birth be prevented? Int Urogynecol J. 2016 Dec;27(12):1811-1815. doi: 10.1007/s00192-016-3117-2. Epub 2016 Aug 15.
PMID: 27525694BACKGROUNDHyakutake MT, Han V, Cundiff GW, Baerg L, Koenig NA, Lee T, Geoffrion R. Pelvic Floor Health Education: Can a Workshop Enhance Patient Counseling During Pregnancy? Female Pelvic Med Reconstr Surg. 2016 Sep-Oct;22(5):336-9. doi: 10.1097/SPV.0000000000000285.
PMID: 27171319BACKGROUNDKyvernitakis I, Kohler C, Schmidt S, Misselwitz B, Grossmann J, Hadji P, Kalder M. Impact of maternal body mass index on the cesarean delivery rate in Germany from 1990 to 2012. J Perinat Med. 2015 Jul;43(4):449-54. doi: 10.1515/jpm-2014-0126.
PMID: 24914711BACKGROUNDLeon-Larios F, Corrales-Gutierrez I, Casado-Mejia R, Suarez-Serrano C. Influence of a pelvic floor training programme to prevent perineal trauma: A quasi-randomised controlled trial. Midwifery. 2017 Jul;50:72-77. doi: 10.1016/j.midw.2017.03.015. Epub 2017 Mar 27.
PMID: 28391147BACKGROUNDLlewellyn H, Konstantaki M, Johnson MI, Francis P. The Effect of a Pilates Exercise Programme on Perceived Functional Disability and Pain Associated with Non-Specific Chronic Low Back Pain. MOJ Yoga & Physical Therapy. 2017; 2(1): 00013.
BACKGROUNDLópez M, Palacio M, del Pino M, Puig M, Bataller E, Espuña M. Protocolo: lesiones perineales de origen obstétrico. Diagnóstico, tratamiento y seguimiento. Servei de Medicina Maternofetal. Barcelona. Institut Clínic de Ginecologia, Obstetrícia i Neonatologia, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona. 2014.
BACKGROUNDNavarro CL, Luján MI. Nuevos sistemas de comunicación del método Pilates en embarazo y puerperio. Revista Española de Comunicación en Salud. 2017; 8(1): 20-28.
BACKGROUNDNeels H, Wyndaele JJ, Tjalma WA, De Wachter S, Wyndaele M, Vermandel A. Knowledge of the pelvic floor in nulliparous women. J Phys Ther Sci. 2016 May;28(5):1524-33. doi: 10.1589/jpts.28.1524. Epub 2016 May 31.
PMID: 27313364BACKGROUNDOblasser C, McCourt C, Hanzal E, Christie J. Vibrating vaginal balls to improve pelvic floor muscle performance in women after childbirth: a protocol for a randomised controlled feasibility trial. J Adv Nurs. 2016 Apr;72(4):900-14. doi: 10.1111/jan.12868. Epub 2015 Dec 28.
PMID: 26708615BACKGROUNDOktaviani I. Pilates workouts can reduce pain in pregnant women. Complement Ther Clin Pract. 2018 May;31:349-351. doi: 10.1016/j.ctcp.2017.11.007. Epub 2017 Nov 16.
PMID: 29173892BACKGROUNDOrganización Mundial de la Salud.Cuidados en el parto normal: una guía práctica. Revista Hospital Materno Infantil Ramón Sardá. 1999; 18: 78-80.
BACKGROUNDPierce H, Perry L, Gallagher R, Chiarelli P. Pelvic floor health: a concept analysis. J Adv Nurs. 2015 May;71(5):991-1004. doi: 10.1111/jan.12628. Epub 2015 Feb 10.
PMID: 25675895BACKGROUNDRodriguez-Diaz L, Ruiz-Frutos C, Vazquez-Lara JM, Ramirez-Rodrigo J, Villaverde-Gutierrez C, Torres-Luque G. Effectiveness of a physical activity programme based on the Pilates method in pregnancy and labour. Enferm Clin. 2017 Sep-Oct;27(5):271-277. doi: 10.1016/j.enfcli.2017.05.008. Epub 2017 Jul 6. English, Spanish.
PMID: 28689647BACKGROUNDSarpkaya D.S., Yalvaç M. & Vural G. The effect of pregnancy Pilates-assisted childbirth preparation training on childbirth fear and neonatal outcomes: a quasi-experimental/quantitative research. Quality & Quantitive. 2018; 1-13.
BACKGROUNDShaban MM, Bassiouny YA, Elzahaby IM, Hassan AA. Body mass index and labour outcome in Egyptian women. J Obstet Gynaecol. 2014 Apr;34(3):248-50. doi: 10.3109/01443615.2013.844113. Epub 2013 Dec 2.
PMID: 24294988BACKGROUNDSmith LA, Price N, Simonite V, Burns EE. Incidence of and risk factors for perineal trauma: a prospective observational study. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2013 Mar 7;13:59. doi: 10.1186/1471-2393-13-59.
PMID: 23497085BACKGROUNDWells C, Kolt GS, Bialocerkowski A. Defining Pilates exercise: a systematic review. Complement Ther Med. 2012 Aug;20(4):253-62. doi: 10.1016/j.ctim.2012.02.005. Epub 2012 Mar 13.
PMID: 22579438BACKGROUNDZimmo K, Laine K, Vikanes A, Fosse E, Zimmo M, Ali H, Thakar R, Sultan AH, Hassan S. Diagnosis and repair of perineal injuries: knowledge before and after expert training-a multicentre observational study among Palestinian physicians and midwives. BMJ Open. 2017 Apr 7;7(4):e014183. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2016-014183.
PMID: 28389490BACKGROUNDRise E, Bo K, Nystad W. Is there any association between abdominal strength training before and during pregnancy and delivery outcome? The Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study. Braz J Phys Ther. 2019 Mar-Apr;23(2):108-115. doi: 10.1016/j.bjpt.2018.06.006. Epub 2018 Jul 6.
PMID: 30017257BACKGROUNDUccella S, Manzoni P, Marconi N, Toscani C, Biasoli S, Cianci S, Franchi M, Sorice P, Bertoli F, Zorzato PC, Gallina D, Ghezzi F, Serati M. Impact of Sport Activity and Physical Exercise on Obstetrical and Perineal Outcomes at Delivery: A Prospective Study. Am J Perinatol. 2019 Jul;36(S 02):S83-S90. doi: 10.1055/s-0039-1691816. Epub 2019 Jun 25.
PMID: 31238366BACKGROUNDVerghese TS, Champaneria R, Kapoor DS, Latthe PM. Obstetric anal sphincter injuries after episiotomy: systematic review and meta-analysis. Int Urogynecol J. 2016 Oct;27(10):1459-67. doi: 10.1007/s00192-016-2956-1. Epub 2016 Feb 19.
PMID: 26894605BACKGROUNDWaddington H, Aloe AM, Becker BJ, Djimeu EW, Hombrados JG, Tugwell P, Wells G, Reeves B. Quasi-experimental study designs series-paper 6: risk of bias assessment. J Clin Epidemiol. 2017 Sep;89:43-52. doi: 10.1016/j.jclinepi.2017.02.015. Epub 2017 Mar 27.
PMID: 28351693BACKGROUNDFeria-Ramirez C, Gonzalez-Sanz JD, Molina-Luque R, Molina-Recio G. The Effects of the Pilates Method on Pelvic Floor Injuries during Pregnancy and Childbirth: A Quasi-Experimental Study. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Jun 30;18(13):6995. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18136995.
PMID: 34208859DERIVED
Related Links
MeSH Terms
Conditions
Study Officials
- PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
Carmen Feria-Ramírez, CNM
University of Huelva
Study Design
- Study Type
- interventional
- Phase
- not applicable
- Allocation
- NON RANDOMIZED
- Masking
- SINGLE
- Who Masked
- OUTCOMES ASSESSOR
- Purpose
- PREVENTION
- Intervention Model
- PARALLEL
- Sponsor Type
- OTHER
- Responsible Party
- PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
- PI Title
- Principal investigator
Study Record Dates
First Submitted
June 10, 2020
First Posted
June 16, 2020
Study Start
November 5, 2018
Primary Completion
July 31, 2019
Study Completion
December 27, 2019
Last Updated
June 17, 2020
Record last verified: 2020-06
Data Sharing
- IPD Sharing
- Will share
- Shared Documents
- STUDY PROTOCOL, SAP, ICF
- Time Frame
- The data will be available after the end of the study until one year the article publication.
- Access Criteria
- To obtain the data, a proposal must be sent to Carmen.feria@denf.uhu.es. To gain access, data requestors will need to sign a data access agreement.
The individual data will be available after deidenttification (text, tables, figures and appendices) to those researchers who provide a methodologically sound proposal and for meta-analysis.