NCT04353180

Brief Summary

Assessment the Activity Value of Isotretinoin (13- Cis-Retinoic Acid ) in the Treatment of COVID-19 Mahmoud ELkazzaz(1),Tamer Haydara(2), Mohamed Abdelaal(3), Abedelaziz Elsayed(4) ,Yousry Abo-amer(5), Hesham Attia(6), Quan Liu(7)' Tim Duong(8) and Heba Sahyon(9)

  1. 1.Department of chemistry and biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Damietta University, Egypt.
  2. 2.Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Egypt
  3. 3.Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Egypt
  4. 4.Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Egypt.
  5. 5.Hepatology,Gastroenterology and Infectious Diseases Department, Mahala Hepatology Teaching Hospital, Egypt
  6. 6.Department of Immunology and Parasitology, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Egypt.
  7. 7.School of Life Sciences and Engineering, Foshan University, Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Disease, Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.
  8. 8.Montefiore Health System and Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, United States of America.
  9. 9.Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Kafrelsheikh University, Egypt.
  10. 10.This clinical study is the first clinical study in literature (submitted on 20 April, 2020) which demonstrated that Isotretinoin will provide complete protection against COVID-19 Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has infected over 100 million people causing over 2.4 million deaths over the world, and it is still expanding. There is an urgent need for targeted and effective COVID-19 treatments which has put great pressure on researchers across the world for developing effective drugs. In this clinical study we attempt to demonstrate Isotretinoin could be an effective and promising treatment for SARS-CoV-2 based on the intracellular mechanism of SARS-CoV-2 transmission and consequences caused. Isotretinoin could strongly inhibit both inflammation and viral entry in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection via decreasing the overproduction of early response proinflammatory cytokines (interleukin-6 ) which are over expressed in COVID-19 and contributed to disease progression, poor outcomes, vascular hyper permeability and multiorgan failure in patients infected with COVID-19. It could also block the entry of COVID-19 by inhibiting androgenic factors that induce serine 2 transmembrane protease (TMPRSS2) expressions.. In addition to inhibiting of Angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 (ACE2), Angiotensin T1 protein and Angiotensin II-mediated intracellular calcium release pathway which is responsible for COVID-19 cell fusion and entry, ACE2-expressing cells are prone to SARS-CoV-2 infection as ACE2 receptor facilitates cellular viral entry and invasion. Moreover, isotretinoin is a potential repressor and inhibitor of papain-like protease (PLpro), which is a lethal protein expressed by COVID-19 genes and is an enzyme of dubiquitination which facilitates virus replication in patients with COVID-19.The genome of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus is recognized by melanoma differentiation-associated protein-5 (MDA5), retinoic acid inducible gene-1 (RIG-1) and endosomal toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) as pathogen-associated molecular patterns. This recognition resulted in the formation of type-1 interferon (IFN1). As an evasion mechanism, virus synthesize proteins that hinder the production IFN1 in the pathway. 13-cis retinoic acid induced significant upregulation of toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3), mitochondrial antiviral-signaling protein (MAVS) and IFN regulatory factor 1 expression in a time-dependent. Furthermore, 13 cis Retinoic Acid (13 cis RA) could be an effective and promising treatment for SARS-CoV-2 owing to its ability to increase CD4 cells and induce mucosal IgA antibodies that are less prone to Antibody Dependent Enhancement process (ADE) and responsible for passive mucosal immunity in the respiratory tract. ADE is a phenomenon in which antiviral antibodies facilitate viral infection of target immune cells and, in some cases, make a second infection worse, such as dengue fever (dengue virus), By inducing IgA antibodies, 13 cis retinoic acid enhances mucosal immunity and is known to be a potent IgA isotype.13 Cis retinoic acid induced significant upregulation of toll-like receptor 3 an immune boosting action that may result in an immune response to dsRNA intermediate leading to the production of type I IFNs which is important to enhance the release of antiviral proteins for the protection of uninfected cells. Isotretinoin therapy has furthermore proven anti-platelet and fibrinolytic activities which may protect patients infected with covid-19 from widespread blood clots. From this point, we suggest that isotretinon will be the Immunity passport" in the context of COVID-19

Trial Health

43
At Risk

Trial Health Score

Automated assessment based on enrollment pace, timeline, and geographic reach

Trial has exceeded expected completion date
Enrollment
100,000

participants targeted

Target at P75+ for phase_3 covid19

Timeline
Completed

Started Aug 2021

Shorter than P25 for phase_3 covid19

Geographic Reach
1 country

2 active sites

Status
unknown

Health score is calculated from publicly available data and should be used for screening purposes only.

Trial Relationships

Click on a node to explore related trials.

Study Timeline

Key milestones and dates

First Submitted

Initial submission to the registry

April 10, 2020

Completed
10 days until next milestone

First Posted

Study publicly available on registry

April 20, 2020

Completed
1.3 years until next milestone

Study Start

First participant enrolled

August 1, 2021

Completed
2 months until next milestone

Primary Completion

Last participant's last visit for primary outcome

October 1, 2021

Completed
1 month until next milestone

Study Completion

Last participant's last visit for all outcomes

November 1, 2021

Completed
Last Updated

August 5, 2021

Status Verified

July 1, 2021

Enrollment Period

2 months

First QC Date

April 10, 2020

Last Update Submit

July 29, 2021

Conditions

Keywords

COVID 2019, ,T Cells, IFN type1Retinoic acidEndosomal toll-like receptor 3T CellsIFN type1AT1ACE2

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (1)

  • lung injury score

    Proportion of lung injury score decreased or increased after treatment

    at 7and 14 days

Secondary Outcomes (23)

  • Absolute lymphocyte counts (CD4,CD8 and CD25+FOXP3+ Regulatory T)

    at day 7 and 14 after randimization

  • Serum levels of IL-6,TNF,TLR3,CRP, ESR and Type I interferon

    at day 7 and 14 after randimization

  • Serum level of COVID19 RNA

    at day 7 and 14

  • All cause mortality rate

    at day 7 and 14

  • Ventilation free days

    at 14 days

  • +18 more secondary outcomes

Study Arms (5)

13 cis retinoic acid doses orally plus the standard therapy

ACTIVE COMPARATOR

Arm 1: infected patients will receive the standard therapy for COVID-19 (Paracetamol 500 mg /6h, Hydroxychloroquine 500 mg/ 12h, Oseltamivir 150 mg /12 h for 5 days, Azithromycin 1 gm first day then 500 mg/day for 1st line or Clarithromycin 500 mg/12 h for 7-14 days, Ascorbic acid 500 mg/12 h and Cyanocobalamin IV once daily plus Lopinavir 400mg/Ritonavir 100 mg caps 2 capsules twice daily in severe cases) and after three days of the standard therapy the infected patients will receive 13 cis retinoic acid (0.5 mg/kg/day in 2 divided doses orally for 14 days combined with the standard therapy . All subjects were encouraged to complete the full course of treatment and common side effects were explained. Side effects and compliance will be documented.

Drug: Drug Isotretinoin (13 cis retinoic acid ) capsules+standard treatment

Aerosolized 13 cis retinoic acid plus the standard therapy

ACTIVE COMPARATOR

Arm 2: infected patients will receive the standard therapy for COVID-19 (Paracetamol 500 mg /6h, Hydroxychloroquine 500 mg/ 12h, Oseltamivir 150 mg /12 h for 5 days, Azithromycin 1 gm first day then 500 mg/day for 1st line or Clarithromycin 500 mg/12 h for 7-14 days, Ascorbic acid 500 mg/12 h and Cyanocobalamin IV once daily plus Lopinavir 400mg/Ritonavir 100 mg caps 2 capsules twice daily in severe cases) and after three days of the standard therapy the infected patients will receive Aerosolized 13 cis retinoic acid in gradual in 2 divided doses increases froms 0.2 mg/kg/day to 4 mg/kg/day as inhaled 13 cis retinoic acid therapy for 14 days

Drug: Isotretinoin(Aerosolized 13 cis retinoic acid) +standard treatment

13 cis retinoic acid doses orally

ACTIVE COMPARATOR

Infected patients will receive 13 cis retinoic acid (0.5 mg/kg/day in 2 divided doses orally for 14 days

Drug: Isotretinoin (13 cis retinoic acid ) capsules

Aerosolized 13 cis retinoic acid

ACTIVE COMPARATOR

The infected patients will receive Aerosolized 13 cis retinoic acid in gradual in 2 divided doses increases froms 0.2 mg/kg/day to 4 mg/kg/day as inhaled 13 cis retinoic acid therapy for 14 days

Drug: Aerosolized 13 cis retinoic acid

The standard therapy

SHAM COMPARATOR

Arm 3:infected patients will receive the standard therapy for COVID-19 for 14 days

Drug: Standard treatment

Interventions

After three days of randomization and standard treatment , 13 cis retinoic acid (0.5 mg/kg/day in 2 divided doses orally for 14 days.+standard treatment Standard treatment is according to the protocol of treatment of 2019-nCoV infection

Also known as: 13 cis retinoic acid
13 cis retinoic acid doses orally plus the standard therapy

Drug: After three days of randomization and standard treatment , Aerosolized 13 cis retinoic acid in gradual two doses increase froms 0.2 mg/kg/day to 4 mg/kg/day as inhaled 13 cis retinoic acid therapy for 14 days +standard treatment Standard treatment is according to the protocol of treatment of 2019-nCoV infection

Also known as: Aerosolized 13 cis retinoic acid
Aerosolized 13 cis retinoic acid plus the standard therapy

13 cis retinoic acid (0.5 mg/kg/day in 2 divided doses orally for 14 days

13 cis retinoic acid doses orally

Aerosolized 13 cis retinoic acid in gradual two doses increase froms 0.2 mg/kg/day to 4 mg/kg/day as inhaled 13 cis retinoic acid therapy for 14 days

Aerosolized 13 cis retinoic acid

Standard treatment is according to the protocol of treatment of 2019-nCoV infection

The standard therapy

Eligibility Criteria

Age18 Years - 80 Years
Sexall
Healthy VolunteersNo
Age GroupsAdult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)

You may qualify if:

  • Adult SARI patients with 2019-ncov infection confirmed by PCR; Absolute value of lymphocytes \< 0. 6x 109/L; Severe respiratory failure within 48 hours and requires admission to ICU. (severe respiratory failure was defined as PaO2/FiO2 \< 200 mmHg and was supported by positive pressure mechanical ventilation (including non-invasive and invasive mechanical ventilation, PEEP\>=5cmH2O))

You may not qualify if:

  • Age \< 18 Pregnant Allergic to experimental drugs and patients have the following conditions:
  • Hypercholesterolemia
  • Hypertriglyceridemia
  • Liver disease
  • Renal disease
  • Sjögren syndrome
  • Pregnancy
  • Lactation
  • Depressive disorder
  • Body mass index less than 18 points or higher than 25 points
  • Contraindications for hormonal contraception or intrauterine device.
  • Autoimmune diseases A history of organ, bone marrow or hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
  • Patients receiving anti-hcv treatment
  • Permanent blindness in one eye
  • History of iritis, endophthalmitis, scleral inflammation or retinitis 15-90 days of retinal detachment or eye surgery
  • +16 more criteria

Contact the study team to confirm eligibility.

Sponsors & Collaborators

Study Sites (2)

Faculty of Medicine, Kafr El-sheikh University

Cairo, Kafr el-Sheikh Governorate, 33511, Egypt

Location

Faculty of Medicine, Kafr El-sheikh University

Cairo, Egypt

Location

MeSH Terms

Conditions

COVID-19

Interventions

IsotretinoinCapsules

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Pneumonia, ViralPneumoniaRespiratory Tract InfectionsInfectionsVirus DiseasesCoronavirus InfectionsCoronaviridae InfectionsNidovirales InfectionsRNA Virus InfectionsLung DiseasesRespiratory Tract Diseases

Intervention Hierarchy (Ancestors)

RetinoidsCarotenoidsPolyenesAlkenesHydrocarbons, AcyclicHydrocarbonsOrganic ChemicalsCyclohexenesCyclohexanesCycloparaffinsHydrocarbons, AlicyclicHydrocarbons, CyclicTerpenesPigments, BiologicalBiological FactorsDosage FormsPharmaceutical Preparations

Study Officials

  • Mahmoud Elkazzaz, B.Sc in Biochemistry

    Faculty of Science, Damietta University

    PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
  • Dr.Tamer Hydara, Ass. Prof of Gastroenterology

    Faculty of medicine kafr elshiekh university

    STUDY CHAIR

Central Study Contacts

Mahmoud Elkazzaz, B.Sc in Biochemistry

CONTACT

Dr.Tamer Hydara, Ass. Prof of Gastroenterology

CONTACT

Study Design

Study Type
interventional
Phase
phase 3
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Masking
NONE
Purpose
TREATMENT
Intervention Model
PARALLEL
Model Details: Patients and method : This study will performed on 10000 patients tested positive for the presence of COVID-19 RNA by RT-PCR kit for RNA detection will randomly divided into 5 equal groups
Sponsor Type
OTHER
Responsible Party
PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
PI Title
Sponser Investigator

Study Record Dates

First Submitted

April 10, 2020

First Posted

April 20, 2020

Study Start

August 1, 2021

Primary Completion

October 1, 2021

Study Completion

November 1, 2021

Last Updated

August 5, 2021

Record last verified: 2021-07

Locations