NCT04295889

Brief Summary

Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a worldwide major public health problem that is associated with an increased incidence of kidney failure and cardiovascular events, that lead a high burden for affected patients and high costs for society. Symptoms of CKD occur late, when kidney function drops to below 30%. At that time preventive measures will have only limited efficacy. Protein excretion in urine has increasingly been recognized as early marker of CKD, and is often associated with high blood pressure, diabetes, and/or high cholesterol levels. These are all important risk factors for progression of kidney and cardiovascular disease. Population screening for urinary protein loss could detect a considerable number of subjects with yet unknown risk factors for progressive kidney and cardiovascular disease who can benefit of early intervention. However, there is no validated method for population screening yet. The aim is to to develop a home based population screening for elevated urinary protein loss. Two screening methods will be investigated, and yield and cost-effectiveness of these screening methods will be evaluated

Trial Health

43
At Risk

Trial Health Score

Automated assessment based on enrollment pace, timeline, and geographic reach

Trial has exceeded expected completion date
Enrollment
15,032

participants targeted

Target at P75+ for not_applicable

Timeline
Completed

Started Nov 2019

Typical duration for not_applicable

Geographic Reach
1 country

1 active site

Status
unknown

Health score is calculated from publicly available data and should be used for screening purposes only.

Trial Relationships

Click on a node to explore related trials.

Study Timeline

Key milestones and dates

Study Start

First participant enrolled

November 14, 2019

Completed
4 months until next milestone

First Submitted

Initial submission to the registry

March 2, 2020

Completed
3 days until next milestone

First Posted

Study publicly available on registry

March 5, 2020

Completed
2.1 years until next milestone

Primary Completion

Last participant's last visit for primary outcome

April 1, 2022

Completed
3 months until next milestone

Study Completion

Last participant's last visit for all outcomes

July 1, 2022

Completed
Last Updated

April 5, 2022

Status Verified

March 1, 2022

Enrollment Period

2.4 years

First QC Date

March 2, 2020

Last Update Submit

March 25, 2022

Conditions

Keywords

albuminuriachronic kidney diseasecardiovascular diseasepopulation screeninghome basede-Healthapphypertensiondiabetes mellitushypercholesterolemia

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (3)

  • Participation rate of the screening (i.e. home-based screening, elaborate screening and overall screening program)

    The participation rate is defined as the number of persons completing the albuminuria screening (i.e. returning the first PeeSpot urine device or scanned the first ACR \| EU urine test strip with use of the app, and in case of an ACR \>30 mg/g in this initial test, also completing the a confirmatory albuminuria screening tests), elaborate screening and overall screening program relative to the invited number of individuals.

    Screening period of 6 months.

  • The yield of albuminuria screening.

    These are twofold. First, the yield of the home-based screening is defined as the number of persons who test positive for albuminuria (at least 2 tests positive) relative to the number of persons participating in the corresponding arm (=per-protocol analysis) and of all invited persons in the corresponding arm (intention-to-screen analysis). Second, the yield of the elaborate screening is defined as the number of subjects with increased albuminuria (defined as ACR \>30 mg/g) with newly diagnosed and/or poorly controlled CVD and CKD risk factors. These risk factors, which will be assessed during the elaborate screening, include hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, impaired kidney function.

    Screening period of 6 months.

  • Cost-effectiveness of the screening.

    Incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) in euro per QALY gained for the two screening methods;

    6 months follow-up after screening period.

Secondary Outcomes (4)

  • GP follow-up rate.

    Screening period of 6 months.

  • Characteristics of responders.

    Screening period of 6 months.

  • Characteristics of non-responders.

    Screening period of 6 months.

  • Usability scores of the two screening methods.

    6 months follow-up after screening period.

Other Outcomes (5)

  • Appropriate treatment after elaborate screening.

    6 months follow-up after screening period.

  • Information regarding sensitivity and specificity of the home-based screening tests

    Screening period of 6 months.

  • Optimal cut-off value of albuminuria.

    6 months follow-up after screening period.

  • +2 more other outcomes

Study Arms (2)

Group A

ACTIVE COMPARATOR

Group A will receive an invitation for home based albuminuria screening using a more conventional urine collection device (known as "Peespot Test").

Diagnostic Test: Approach A (PeeSpot urine collection device).

Group B

ACTIVE COMPARATOR

Group B will receive an invitation for home based albuminuria screening using an app (internet application) and an ACR dipstick test (known as "ACR\| EU Test").

Diagnostic Test: Approach B (ACR | EU Test kit).

Interventions

The participant will receive the PeeSpot urine collection device (Hessels+Grob B.V., Deventer, The Netherlands), which consists of a holder containing a urine collection pad (consisting of hygroscopic material containing). The holder can be placed back into the tube and can be easily sent to the laboratory by mail. In this urine, albumin, creatinine, and the ACR will be measured in the laboratory of the Amphia hospital.

Group A

The participant will receive the ACR \| EU test kit (Healthy.io Ltd, Tel-Aviv- Yafo, Israel), which consists of a urine test strip, a urine cup, a color calibrator and instruction to download a smartphone application. The participants have to download the smartphone application according to the instructions included in the kit. Results will be directly shown to the participant in the app.

Group B

Eligibility Criteria

Age45 Years - 80 Years
Sexall
Healthy VolunteersNo
Age GroupsAdult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)

You may qualify if:

  • Age 45 to 80 years.
  • Living in the municipality of Breda, The Netherlands.
  • Not institutionalised.

You may not qualify if:

  • Younger than 45 years or older than 80 years.
  • Not living in the municipality of Breda, The Netherlands.
  • Institutionalised.
  • A random sample of 15.032 subjects will be drawn from the population aged 45-80 years from the municipality of Breda by the Dutch Central Bureau for Statistics (CBS).

Contact the study team to confirm eligibility.

Sponsors & Collaborators

Study Sites (1)

University Medical Centre Groningen

Groningen, 9700 RB, Netherlands

Location

Related Publications (2)

  • van Mil D, Kieneker LM, Evers-Roeten B, Thelen MHM, de Vries H, Hemmelder MH, Dorgelo A, van Etten RW, Heerspink HJL, Gansevoort RT. Participation rate and yield of two home-based screening methods to detect increased albuminuria in the general population in the Netherlands (THOMAS): a prospective, randomised, open-label implementation study. Lancet. 2023 Sep 23;402(10407):1052-1064. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(23)00876-0. Epub 2023 Aug 16.

  • van Mil D, Kieneker LM, Evers-Roeten B, Thelen MHM, de Vries H, Hemmelder MH, Dorgelo A, van Etten RW, Heerspink HJL, Gansevoort RT. Protocol for a randomized study assessing the feasibility of home-based albuminuria screening among the general population: The THOMAS study. PLoS One. 2022 Dec 22;17(12):e0279321. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0279321. eCollection 2022.

MeSH Terms

Conditions

AlbuminuriaRenal Insufficiency, ChronicCardiovascular DiseasesAlzheimer DiseaseHypertensionDiabetes MellitusHypercholesterolemia

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

ProteinuriaUrination DisordersUrologic DiseasesFemale Urogenital DiseasesFemale Urogenital Diseases and Pregnancy ComplicationsUrogenital DiseasesMale Urogenital DiseasesUrological ManifestationsSigns and SymptomsPathological Conditions, Signs and SymptomsRenal InsufficiencyKidney DiseasesChronic DiseaseDisease AttributesPathologic ProcessesDementiaBrain DiseasesCentral Nervous System DiseasesNervous System DiseasesTauopathiesNeurodegenerative DiseasesNeurocognitive DisordersMental DisordersVascular DiseasesGlucose Metabolism DisordersMetabolic DiseasesNutritional and Metabolic DiseasesEndocrine System DiseasesHyperlipidemiasDyslipidemiasLipid Metabolism Disorders

Study Officials

  • Ron T Gansevoort, MD, PhD

    University Medical Center Groningen

    PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

Study Design

Study Type
interventional
Phase
not applicable
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Masking
NONE
Purpose
SCREENING
Intervention Model
PARALLEL
Sponsor Type
OTHER
Responsible Party
PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
PI Title
Professor of Medicine

Study Record Dates

First Submitted

March 2, 2020

First Posted

March 5, 2020

Study Start

November 14, 2019

Primary Completion

April 1, 2022

Study Completion

July 1, 2022

Last Updated

April 5, 2022

Record last verified: 2022-03

Data Sharing

IPD Sharing
Will not share

Locations