NCT04107649

Brief Summary

Total knee replacement (TKR) is a common and costly procedure widely used to relieve pain and improve function in patients with symptomatic advanced knee osteoarthritis (OA). As of 2013, the annual incidence of TKR was over 680,000 surgeries and annual costs exceeded $11 billion. Growing evidence suggests that while pain and functional status improve following TKR, physical activity (PA) typically does not surpass pre-TKR levels. Engagement in PA can meaningfully improve quality of life (QoL), pain, and function. Given the large investment in TKR, the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of TKR could be substantially increased if TKR recipients became more physically active. The Knee Arthroplasty Activity Trial (KArAT) is a randomized controlled trial and participants will be randomly assigned to one of three arms. Participants across all arms will receive usual post-operative care for TKR surgery. Participants in the first arm will complete basic study activities, such as responding to surveys and attending two in-person clinic visits. Participants in the second arm will do the same and also receive a wrist-based physical activity tracker intervention. Participants in the third arm will receive a telephonic active coaching (motivational interviewing) and financial incentives (for reaching physical activity goals) (TAC(MI)+FI) based intervention, as well as a wrist-based physical activity tracker intervention. The second and third arms will be eligible to receive lottery-based financial rewards for wearing a wrist-worn activity tracker for twenty-four months during the study.

Trial Health

75
On Track

Trial Health Score

Automated assessment based on enrollment pace, timeline, and geographic reach

Enrollment
600

participants targeted

Target at P75+ for not_applicable knee-osteoarthritis

Timeline
26mo left

Started Apr 2023

Longer than P75 for not_applicable knee-osteoarthritis

Geographic Reach
1 country

5 active sites

Status
active not recruiting

Health score is calculated from publicly available data and should be used for screening purposes only.

Trial Relationships

Click on a node to explore related trials.

Study Timeline

Key milestones and dates

Study Progress59%
Apr 2023Jun 2028

First Submitted

Initial submission to the registry

September 24, 2019

Completed
3 days until next milestone

First Posted

Study publicly available on registry

September 27, 2019

Completed
3.6 years until next milestone

Study Start

First participant enrolled

April 27, 2023

Completed
5.1 years until next milestone

Primary Completion

Last participant's last visit for primary outcome

June 15, 2028

Expected
Same day until next milestone

Study Completion

Last participant's last visit for all outcomes

June 15, 2028

Last Updated

November 24, 2025

Status Verified

November 1, 2025

Enrollment Period

5.1 years

First QC Date

September 24, 2019

Last Update Submit

November 19, 2025

Conditions

Keywords

Physical ActivityTotal Knee ReplacementKnee Osteoarthritis

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (1)

  • Proportion of Subjects Engaged in at least 150 min/week of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA).

    The primary outcome of this trial is the proportion of subjects who meet or surpass the PA threshold of 150 minutes per week of at least moderate physical activity, which is defined as 3 metabolic equivalents (METs), at 32-weeks post-TKR.

    32-weeks post-TKR

Secondary Outcomes (3)

  • Change in average daily step count

    2-week pre-TKR to 32-weeks post-TKR

  • Change in weekly minutes of moderate-to-vigorous activity (MVPA)

    2 week pre-TKR to 32-weeks post-TKR

  • Change in average daily sedentary time

    2 weeks pre-TKR to 32-weeks post-TKR

Other Outcomes (5)

  • Durability of changes in activity levels

    2 weeks pre-TKR to 24 months post-TKR

  • Change in pain and functional status

    2 weeks pre-TKR to 24 months post-TKR

  • Change in quality of life

    2 weeks pre-TKR to 24 months post-TKR

  • +2 more other outcomes

Study Arms (3)

Arm1

OTHER

Participants in this arm receive usual post-operative care and complete all basic study activities, which include: attending 2 in-clinic visits at designated time-points, having regular check-in calls with study staff over the intervention period, wearing and returning waist-worn activity trackers at 5 time points over two years, and completing 6 study surveys.

Other: Basic Study Activities

Arm2

EXPERIMENTAL

Participants in this arm receive usual post-operative care, complete all basic study activities (as described in arm 1) and receive the wrist-based activity tracker intervention.

Behavioral: Wrist based activity tracker wearOther: Basic Study Activities

Arm3

EXPERIMENTAL

Participants in this arm receive usual post-operative care, complete all basic study activities (as described in arm 1), receive wrist-based activity tracker intervention, and receive the TAC(MI)+FI.

Behavioral: Telephonic Active Coaching (Motivational Interviewing) + Financial IncentivesBehavioral: Wrist based activity tracker wearOther: Basic Study Activities

Interventions

As part of TAC(MI)+FI, participants speak with a health coach at Brigham and Women's Hospital once a week via telephone for weeks 6-13 following surgery, and once every other week for weeks 14-31 after surgery. Participants in this arm can receive financial rewards for achieving weekly physical activity goals, as well as bonus rewards for achieving goals multiple weeks in a row. Over the course of this 6-month long TAC(MI)+FI intervention period, these participants are able to receive up to $680 for meeting physical activity goals, and up to $95 in bonus rewards.

Also known as: TAC(MI)+FI
Arm3

Activity tracking data will be collected on a weekly basis. Participants who receive this intervention are eligible to be entered into a lottery to win one of two $25 rewards for every week they wear their wrist-based activity tracker \>10 hours for \>4/7 days a week, beginning 6-weeks after surgery.

Arm2Arm3

Basic study activities begin two-weeks before TKR and end approximately 24-months after TKR. Basic study activities include: two in-person visits at the local clinic site (2 weeks before TKR and 32-weeks after TKR), having check-in calls with study staff weekly from weeks 1-13 after surgery and every other week for weeks 14-31, completing 6 surveys, and wearing an ActiGraph activity tracker (waist-worn) for five one-week periods throughout the study (2-weeks before-TKR, 32-weeks post-TKR, one-year post-TKR, 18-months post-TKR, two-years post-TKR). All participants will be eligible to receive up to $235 for completing these activities over the course of two years.

Arm1Arm2Arm3

Eligibility Criteria

Age40 Years - 85 Years
Sexall
Healthy VolunteersNo
Age GroupsAdult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)

You may qualify if:

  • Age 40-85 years
  • English-speaking
  • Scheduled to undergo primary, unilateral total knee replacement (TKR) at one of the 4 recruitment centers
  • OA is principal underlying indication for TKR
  • During an accelerometer run-in period lasting one week at baseline (prior to surgery), subjects must show that they can comply with waist-worn physical activity tracker protocols by wearing the activity tracker for ≥4/7 days of the week for ≥10 hours/day
  • Regular access to a personal computer, laptop, tablet, or smartphone for wrist-worn activity tracker syncing
  • Satisfying average baseline steps/day criteria (calculated from waist-worn activity tracker data from the run-in period)

You may not qualify if:

  • Non-English speaking
  • Residence in nursing home
  • Diagnosis of dementia, epilepsy, Parkinson's Disease, or diabetes with peripheral neuropathy
  • Inflammatory arthritis (rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, psoriatic arthritis, reactive arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, polymyalgia)
  • Psychological issues that preclude participation
  • Inpatient or other musculoskeletal surgery scheduled within six months following index primary TKR
  • Uses a wheelchair to ambulate (subjects who use a cane will be eligible)
  • Subject does not have regular access to a device capable of receiving email or text messages

Contact the study team to confirm eligibility.

Sponsors & Collaborators

Study Sites (5)

Northwestern Memorial Hospital

Chicago, Illinois, 60611, United States

Location

University of Kansas Medical Center

Kansas City, Kansas, 66160, United States

Location

Brigham and Women's Hospital

Boston, Massachusetts, 02115, United States

Location

University of Nebraska Medical Center

Omaha, Nebraska, 68198, United States

Location

University at Buffalo

Buffalo, New York, 14215, United States

Location

Related Publications (1)

  • Losina E, Collins JE, Kumara M, Ehrlich-Jones L, Opare-Addo M, Safran-Norton C, Segal NA, Mitchell LM, Kopp PT, Selzer F, Mass H, Paskewicz M, Chang RW, Dunlop D, Chen AF, Lerner S, Chin S, Pellegrini C, Katz JN. KArAT (Knee Arthroplasty Activity Trial): Rationale and design features of a multicenter randomized controlled trial. Osteoarthr Cartil Open. 2024 Aug 23;7(2):100512. doi: 10.1016/j.ocarto.2024.100512. eCollection 2025 Jun.

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Osteoarthritis, KneeMotor Activity

Interventions

Motivational Interviewing

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

OsteoarthritisArthritisJoint DiseasesMusculoskeletal DiseasesRheumatic DiseasesBehavior

Intervention Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Directive CounselingCounselingMental Health ServicesBehavioral Disciplines and ActivitiesHealth ServicesHealth Care Facilities Workforce and Services

Study Officials

  • Elena Losina, Ph.D.

    Brigham and Women's Hospital

    PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

Study Design

Study Type
interventional
Phase
not applicable
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Masking
TRIPLE
Who Masked
CARE PROVIDER, INVESTIGATOR, OUTCOMES ASSESSOR
Masking Details
The investigators, care providers, and outcomes assessors will not be appraised of treatment arm.
Purpose
TREATMENT
Intervention Model
PARALLEL
Model Details: Three arm parallel randomized control trial.
Sponsor Type
OTHER
Responsible Party
PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
PI Title
Co-Director of OrACORe, Robert W. Lovett Professor of Orthopaedic Surgery at Harvard Medical School

Study Record Dates

First Submitted

September 24, 2019

First Posted

September 27, 2019

Study Start

April 27, 2023

Primary Completion (Estimated)

June 15, 2028

Study Completion (Estimated)

June 15, 2028

Last Updated

November 24, 2025

Record last verified: 2025-11

Locations