Time-Restricted Eating and Muscle Hypertrophy

NCT04000750 | Completed

• 1 other identifier: CSP Fullerton
• Study Type: interventional
• Target: 20
• Locations: 1 country
• Sites: 1

Brief Summary

The purpose is to examine the effects of time-restricted eating (TRE; consuming all calories within an 8-hour period each day) vs. normal eating (CON; consuming same kcals and protein as TRE, but during a 10-13 hr eating window each day) during 8 weeks of resistance exercise on body composition and muscle mass (whole muscle and single fiber), muscular performance, anabolic protein signaling, single muscle fiber characteristics, and the gut microbiome in well-trained young men and women.

Conditions

Muscle Hypertrophy; Healthy and Well-Trained Men and Women

Keywords

Hypertrophy; Intermittent Fasting; Time Restricted Eating; Protein Signaling; Anabolic

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (5)

• Changes in Muscle Size - Lower Body

  via Ultrasound

  Pre, Mid (4 weeks), and Post (8 weeks)

• Changes in Muscle Size - Upper Body

  via Ultrasound

  Pre, Mid (4 weeks), and Post (8 weeks)

• Changes in Fiber Type-Specific Size

  Single muscle fiber analysis

  Pre and Post (week 8)

• Changes in Body composition

  via BodPod

  Pre, Mid (4 weeks), and Post (8 weeks)

• Acute Exercise Induced Fiber Type-Specific Anabolic Signaling (Total Concentration and Phosphorylation Status)

  Men only; assessed via single fiber Simple Western

  Day 1 of exercise training

Secondary Outcomes (11)

• Changes in Maximal Strength

  Pre and Post (week 8)

• Changes in Maximal Muscular Endurance

  Pre and Post (week 8)

• Changes in Gut Microbiome

  Pre, Mid (week 2, 4, 6), and Post (week 8)

• Changes in Fiber Type Composition

  Pre and Post (week 8)

• Changes in Fiber Type-Specific Resting Anabolic Signaling (Total Concentration and Phosphorylation Status)

  Pre and Post (week 8)

Study Arms (2)

Time Restricted Eating (16:8)

EXPERIMENTAL

Participants will consume all calories within an 8 hour window each day.

Other: Time Restricted Eating; Other: Resistance Training; Dietary Supplement: Whey Protein

Control

ACTIVE COMPARATOR

Participants will consume all calories within a \~12 hour window each day (4 separate meals + needed snacks).

Other: Normal Feeding; Other: Resistance Training; Dietary Supplement: Whey Protein

Interventions

Time Restricted Eating OTHER

Diet will be tracked and reported every day to a qualified dietitian.

Time Restricted Eating (16:8)

Normal Feeding OTHER

Diet will be tracked and reported every day to a qualified dietitian.

Control

Resistance Training OTHER

8 weeks of supervised and programmed whole body resistance training, performed 4x per week

Control; Time Restricted Eating (16:8)

Whey Protein DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT

Consumed on all exercise days.

Control; Time Restricted Eating (16:8)

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 18 Years - 35 Years
• Sex: all
• Healthy Volunteers: Yes
• Age Groups: Adult (18-64)

You may qualify if:

• years old with \<25% (men) or \<30% (women) body fat
• have experience in resistance exercise for the whole body and performed resistance exercise at least 3 times per week the last 12 months
• be able to perform all necessary exercises with safe technique and no pain
• be able to squat 1.5x (men) or 1x (women) body weight
• be able to bench press 1.1x (men) or 0.55x (women) body weight
• be on a non-specialized, mixed macronutrient diet
• have a lifestyle which enables a reasonably consistent 7+ hours of sleep per night
• be free of any current joint, musculoskeletal, and/or neuromuscular injuries

You may not qualify if:

• have any known current illness, prohibitive muscular or neuromuscular problem, hypertension, cardiac, pulmonary, liver, kidney, insulin or any other metabolic disorders (e.g. Type I or Type II diabetes)
• are lactose intolerant or unable to consume whey protein for any reason
• are on any medications known to affect protein metabolism
• have taken antibiotics in the last 6 months
• cannot refrain from consuming any alcoholic beverages, nicotine, or marijuana (or derivative) for a period of 48 hours prior to data collection (pre and post testing)
• consume alcohol \>2x per week
• consume any analgesic or anti-inflammatory drug(s), prescription or non-prescription, chronically or within 48 hours of data collection
• consume any recreational drug(s), prescription or non-prescription, legal or illegal, chronically or within 30 days of data collection
• consume any caffeine or food within 12 hours of data collection
• cannot refrain from physical exercise (outside of activities of daily living) outside of what is prescribed by the research team for the duration of the study
• cannot refrain from using recovery methods such as electric stimulation, hot/cold therapy, massage, chiropractic, or personal air/water devices (Normatech, etc.)
• have utilized any anabolic steroid, currently or in the past
• cannot refrain from consumption of any supplementation (creatine, multivitamin, fish oil, protein powder, BCAA, pre-workouts, etc.) outside of what is provided
• cannot refrain from consuming any supplemental pro or prebiotics or other items that intentionally alter the gut microbiome
• fail to adhere to the nutritional guidelines or miss \>3 of the exercise sessions

Sponsors & Collaborators

• California State University, Fullerton: lead
• San Francisco State University: collaborator

Study Sites (1)

Center for Sport Performance at California State University, Fullerton

Fullerton, California, 92831, United States

Location

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Hypertrophy; Intermittent Fasting

Interventions

Resistance Training; Whey Proteins

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Pathological Conditions, Anatomical; Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms; Fasting; Feeding Behavior; Behavior

Intervention Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Exercise Therapy; Rehabilitation; Aftercare; Continuity of Patient Care; Patient Care; Therapeutics; Physical Therapy Modalities; Physical Conditioning, Human; Exercise; Motor Activity; Movement; Musculoskeletal Physiological Phenomena; Musculoskeletal and Neural Physiological Phenomena; Milk Proteins; Animal Proteins, Dietary; Dietary Proteins; Proteins; Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins; Whey; Milk; Dairy Products; Food; Diet, Food, and Nutrition; Physiological Phenomena; Food and Beverages

Study Design

• Study Type: interventional
• Phase: not applicable
• Allocation: RANDOMIZED
• Masking: DOUBLE
• Who Masked: INVESTIGATOR, OUTCOMES ASSESSOR
• Masking Details: Participants will know their group. Training and Nutrition research team members will know the participants group. Data analysis team will be blinded to condition.
• Purpose: OTHER
• Intervention Model: PARALLEL
• Sponsor Type: OTHER
• Responsible Party: PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
• PI Title: Associate Professor

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: June 25, 2019
• First Posted: June 27, 2019
• Study Start: June 24, 2019
• Primary Completion: July 15, 2021
• Study Completion: February 5, 2023
• Last Updated: February 9, 2023

Record last verified: 2023-02

Data Sharing

• IPD Sharing: Will not share

Locations

US (1)