NCT03937180

Brief Summary

This study aims to compare two strategies performed by GPs to help patients taking benzodiazepines on a daily basis for at least six months to discontinue their use. The first strategy consists of the usual or standard support provided by the GP, which often starts with a discontinuation advice or letter, the second is blended support where face-to-face consultations with the GP are alternated with web-based self-learning by the patient.

Trial Health

87
On Track

Trial Health Score

Automated assessment based on enrollment pace, timeline, and geographic reach

Enrollment
924

participants targeted

Target at P75+ for not_applicable

Timeline
Completed

Started Jun 2019

Typical duration for not_applicable

Geographic Reach
1 country

110 active sites

Status
completed

Health score is calculated from publicly available data and should be used for screening purposes only.

Trial Relationships

Click on a node to explore related trials.

Study Timeline

Key milestones and dates

First Submitted

Initial submission to the registry

May 2, 2019

Completed
1 day until next milestone

First Posted

Study publicly available on registry

May 3, 2019

Completed
2 months until next milestone

Study Start

First participant enrolled

June 24, 2019

Completed
2.1 years until next milestone

Primary Completion

Last participant's last visit for primary outcome

July 30, 2021

Completed
3 days until next milestone

Study Completion

Last participant's last visit for all outcomes

August 2, 2021

Completed
Last Updated

July 15, 2022

Status Verified

July 1, 2022

Enrollment Period

2.1 years

First QC Date

May 2, 2019

Last Update Submit

July 13, 2022

Conditions

Keywords

benzodiazepinesblended care

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (1)

  • Proportion of patients that discontinued (z-)BZD use at 12 months assessed by toxicological screening

    Long-term effect of a blended care approach versus usual care on the discontinuation of (z-)BZD

    12 months

Secondary Outcomes (4)

  • Proportion of patients that discontinued (z-)BZD use at 6 months assessed by toxicological screening

    6 months

  • EQ-5D-3L assessed at week 6, 12, 26 and 52

    12 months

  • Proportion of patients with self-reported discontinuation of (z-)BZD use assessed at week 6, 12, 26 and 52

    12 months

  • The number of defined daily doses (DDD) of (z-)BZD prescribed in the preceding interval assessed at week 6, 12, 26 and 52

    12 months

Study Arms (2)

Usual care

OTHER

Patients will receive 'usual care' left at the discretion of the treating general practitioner (GP). They are expected to follow the Belgian guidelines, which propose education of the patient about the harmful effects of chronic benzodiazepines and z-drugs ((z-)BZD) use, the alternatives, and the advice to discontinue (z-)BZD use. A stepped approach is recommended. First, a minimal intervention strategy such as a discontinuation letter or a short advice is applied. If unsuccessful, a brief intervention, which may span one or more consults, is recommended. During such an intervention, the GP will - based on the principles of motivational interviewing- assess the patient's readiness for change and match the appropriate intervention. A tapering scheme will be developed which typically consists of a 10-20% reduction in the daily dose of the (z-)BZD every 2-4 weeks.

Behavioral: Usual care

Blended care

EXPERIMENTAL

Usual care is supported by the use of an interactive e-tool. The e-tool provides psycho-education about sleep and sleep medication, and exercises featuring cognitive behavioural techniques to enhance the self-management of the patient. It's purpose is to motivate patients to discontinue the use of (z-)BZD, to adapt alternative remedies and to support them in this process. The patient can grant the participating GP access to all his answers in the e-tool, making it possible to discuss their findings and experiences face-to-face. During consultations, the GP will also assess the patients' readiness for change and match the appropriate intervention. A tailored gradual taper of the (z-)BZD will be agreed upon, which typically consists of a 10-20% reduction in the daily dose every 2-4 weeks. Follow-up appointments are scheduled depending on the needs of the patient until the end of dose reduction.

Behavioral: Blended care

Interventions

Blended careBEHAVIORAL

An interactive e-learning programme delivered through a secured web-based platform for patients and general practitioners (GPs), blended with face-to-face contacts between the involved GP and patient.

Blended care
Usual careBEHAVIORAL

General practitioners offering usual care are expected to follow the Belgian guidelines as described in the most recent online version of "Anxiety, stress and sleeping problems A toolbox for general practitioners." or "Sleeping pills and sedatives. How to assist your patients in the search for other solutions?" which are both available in French and Dutch.

Usual care

Eligibility Criteria

Age18 Years+
Sexall
Healthy VolunteersNo
Age GroupsAdult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)

You may qualify if:

  • Patients aged 18 and older capable of giving informed consent,
  • Having his/her Global Medical File managed by one of the participating general practitioners
  • Receiving prescriptions of (z-)BZDs from participating GP for use on a daily basis
  • Reporting daily intake (≥ 80% of days) of (z-)BZDs in the last 6 months for a primary indication of sleeping problems

You may not qualify if:

  • Presence of any severe psychiatric and neurologic condition that in the judgment of the treating GP implies a contraindication for (z-)BZD withdrawal
  • Presence of terminal illness
  • Any cases where stopping of (z-)BZDs might be harmful
  • Unwillingness or inability to provide informed consent
  • Not having e-literacy (being familiar with email and internet use)
  • Patients with a substance use disorder (other than (z-)BZD) will also be excluded from the study because in these cases there is often a sub-therapeutic (z-)BZD dependence and/or comorbid psychological/psychiatric comorbid conditions requiring specialist care.

Contact the study team to confirm eligibility.

Sponsors & Collaborators

Study Sites (110)

Leysen Bert

Broechem, Antwerpen, 2520, Belgium

Location

Asselman Valerie

Hoboken, Antwerpen, 2660, Belgium

Location

Van Tongelen Sofie

Mechelen, Antwerpen, 2800, Belgium

Location

Thomas Pol

Jette, Brussels Capital, 1090, Belgium

Location

Maquet Elisabeth

Saint-Gilles, Brussels Capital, 1060, Belgium

Location

Fauquert Benjamin

Schaarbeek, Brussels Capital, 1030, Belgium

Location

Uhry Franck

Uccle, Brussels Capital, 1180, Belgium

Location

Vansintejan Johan

Vilvoorde, Brussels Capital, 1800, Belgium

Location

Bedoret Virginie

Woluwe-Saint-Pierre - Sint-Pieters-Woluwe, Brussels Capital, 1150, Belgium

Location

Catinus Pierric

Châtelineau, Henegouwen, 6200, Belgium

Location

Vanderstraeten Katrien

Berchem, Kluisbergen, Belgium

Location

Ceulemans Steven

Beverst, Limburg, 3740, Belgium

Location

Coolen Antoon

Beverst, Limburg, 3740, Belgium

Location

Geskens Valérie

Beverst, Limburg, 3740, Belgium

Location

Fransis Jan

Ham, Limburg, 3945, Belgium

Location

Stulens Jan

Hasselt, Limburg, 3500, Belgium

Location

Thys Eline

Hasselt, Limburg, 3500, Belgium

Location

Vernyns Sander

Hasselt, Limburg, 3510, Belgium

Location

Beenders Wim

Maaseik, Limburg, 3680, Belgium

Location

Vanleeuw Ben

Zolder, Limburg, 3350, Belgium

Location

Kang Thida

Boncelles, Luik, 4100, Belgium

Location

Deleu Gabriel

Hodeige, Luik, 4351, Belgium

Location

Andre Jean-François

Liège, Luik, 4000, Belgium

Location

Rousseau Cecile

Liège, Luik, 4020, Belgium

Location

Steyaert Elodie

Neupré, Luik, 4120, Belgium

Location

Debry Jean-Yves

Ougrée, Luik, 4102, Belgium

Location

Evrard Antoine

Tilff, Luik, 4130, Belgium

Location

Parada Alberto

Trois-Ponts, Luik, 4980, Belgium

Location

Cohnen Ingrid

Waimes, Luik, 4950, Belgium

Location

Germay Arlette

Libin, Luxemburg, 6890, Belgium

Location

Gueibe France

Libin, Luxemburg, 6890, Belgium

Location

De Vleeschouwer Oriane

Saint-Hubert, Luxemburg, 6870, Belgium

Location

Vanschepdael Céline

Saint-Hubert, Luxemburg, 6870, Belgium

Location

Mattart Jacques

Andenne, Namen, 5300, Belgium

Location

Lafontaine Jean Baptiste

Namur, Namen, 5000, Belgium

Location

Kerckvoorde Lien

Aalter, Oost-Vlaanderen, 9880, Belgium

Location

Mahieu Inge

Asper, Oost-Vlaanderen, 9890, Belgium

Location

Cuelenaere Maarten

Assenede, Oost-Vlaanderen, 9960, Belgium

Location

De Sadeleer Jo

Borsbeke, Oost-Vlaanderen, 9552, Belgium

Location

Degrave Stijn

Herzele, Oost-Vlaanderen, 9550, Belgium

Location

De Muynck Kim

Kaprijke, Oost-Vlaanderen, 9970, Belgium

Location

Van Marcke Maarten

Lebbeke, Oost-Vlaanderen, 9280, Belgium

Location

Joos Ellen

Nevele, Oost-Vlaanderen, 9580, Belgium

Location

Everaert Leen

Nevele, Oost-Vlaanderen, 9850, Belgium

Location

Vermeulen Sofie

Sint-Martens-Latem, Oost-Vlaanderen, 9830, Belgium

Location

Heyerick Maaike

Zulte, Oost-Vlaanderen, 9870, Belgium

Location

Lemlijn Nathalie

Kessel-Lo, Vlaams-Brabant, 3010, Belgium

Location

Heijmans Stephane

Linkebeek, Vlaams-Brabant, 1630, Belgium

Location

Pening Maud

Nivelles, Waals-Brabant, 1400, Belgium

Location

Lens Marie

Ottignies, Waals-Brabant, 1340, Belgium

Location

Massaux Godelieve

Wavre, Waals-Brabant, 1300, Belgium

Location

De Vlieghere Marieke

Jabbeke, West-Vlaanderen, 8490, Belgium

Location

Caenepeel Laurens

Koksijde, West-Vlaanderen, 8670, Belgium

Location

Delvaux Nicolas

Lissewege, West-Vlaanderen, 8380, Belgium

Location

Knockaert Iris

Lissewege, West-Vlaanderen, 8380, Belgium

Location

Demeyere Tijs

Moorslede, West-Vlaanderen, 8890, Belgium

Location

Vandenameele Steffi

Sijsele, West-Vlaanderen, 8340, Belgium

Location

De Sutter Inge

Aalst, Belgium

Location

Maenen Arjen

Alken, Belgium

Location

Janssen Marie-Eve

Ans, Belgium

Location

Cramm Myrjam

Antwerp, 2000, Belgium

Location

Maus Katelijne

Antwerp, Belgium

Location

Debanterlé Stéphane

Barvaux, 6940, Belgium

Location

Bourcy Gaelle

Bastogne, Belgium

Location

Deckers Clementine B

Bastogne, Belgium

Location

Vercruysse Klaas

Berchem, 9690, Belgium

Location

Balligand Elie

Beringen, Belgium

Location

De Wilde Kristien

Beveren, Belgium

Location

Maes Marc

Beverlo, Belgium

Location

Van De Plas Flip

Boechout, 2530, Belgium

Location

Haemels Maria-Magdalena

Boortmeerbeek, Belgium

Location

Cloetens Hanne

Bruges, Belgium

Location

Maryssael Mia

Bruges, Belgium

Location

Freson Micheline

Damme, Belgium

Location

De Meulemeester Marc

Gozée, Belgium

Location

Van Rossem Inès

Halle, Belgium

Location

Compes Annick

Hannut, Belgium

Location

(Mingneau Jannick) Bourguignon Sofie

Heers, Belgium

Location

De Walsche Bram

Herentals, Belgium

Location

Van Immerseel Ilke

Hove, Belgium

Location

Devolder Tyrone

Kortrijk, Belgium

Location

Maertens Katrien

Kortrijk, Belgium

Location

Vanderbauwhede Stefanie

Kortrijk, Belgium

Location

Staelens Toon

Lauwe, Belgium

Location

Van Der Auwera Jolien

Lauwe, Belgium

Location

Marganne Anneline

Liège, 4000, Belgium

Location

Lambert Fabienne

Liège, Belgium

Location

Maury Olivier

Linkebeek, Belgium

Location

Saintmar Hélène

Marche-en-Famenne, Belgium

Location

Moeremans Paul

Mechelen, Belgium

Location

Heyvaert Goedele

Merchtem, 1785, Belgium

Location

Muylaert Peter

Merelbeke, 9820, Belgium

Location

Peetermans Luc

Mol, Belgium

Location

Wuyts Tinne

Mol, Belgium

Location

Pierard Virginie

Monceau-sur-Sambre, Belgium

Location

Grosjean Joël

Mont-sur-Marchienne, Belgium

Location

Andries Laura

Mortsel, Belgium

Location

De Groote Jaron

Oudenaarde, Belgium

Location

Steeno Pieter

Putte, Belgium

Location

Lemiengre Marieke

Roeselare, Belgium

Location

Cardon Philippe

Sambreville, 5060, Belgium

Location

Meuris Michel

Spa, Belgium

Location

De Neef Sara

Tienen, Belgium

Location

Op De Beeck Sabine

Turnhout, 2300, Belgium

Location

Froidcoeur Xavier

Wanze, Belgium

Location

Tilquin Marlene

Wanze, Belgium

Location

Janssen Reinhilde

Watervliet, Belgium

Location

Bayens Kris

Weelde, Belgium

Location

Klaasen Geert

Weelde, Belgium

Location

Hertegonne Nele

Zottegem, Belgium

Location

Related Publications (3)

  • Coteur K, Van Nuland M, Schoenmakers B, Anthierens S, Van den Broeck K. Implementing Blended Care to Discontinue Benzodiazepine Receptor Agonist Use for Insomnia: Process Evaluation of a Pragmatic Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial. JMIR Form Res. 2023 Apr 7;7:e43738. doi: 10.2196/43738.

  • Coteur K, Henrard G, Schoenmakers B, Laenen A, Van den Broeck K, De Sutter A, Anthierens S, Devroey D, Kacenelenbogen N, Offermans AM, Van Nuland M. Blended care to discontinue benzodiazepine receptor agonists use in patients with chronic insomnia disorder: a pragmatic cluster randomized controlled trial in primary care. Sleep. 2023 Apr 12;46(4):zsac278. doi: 10.1093/sleep/zsac278.

  • Coteur K, Van Nuland M, Vanmeerbeek M, Henrard G, Anthierens S, Van den Broeck K, De Sutter A, Creupelandt H, Devroey D, Van Overmeire R, Offermans AM, Kacenelenbogen N, Laenen A, Mathei C. Effectiveness of a blended care programme for the discontinuation of benzodiazepine use for sleeping problems in primary care: study protocol of a cluster randomised trial, the Big Bird trial. BMJ Open. 2020 Feb 18;10(2):e033688. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-033688.

Study Officials

  • Catharina Matheï

    KU Leuven

    STUDY CHAIR

Study Design

Study Type
interventional
Phase
not applicable
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Masking
NONE
Purpose
TREATMENT
Intervention Model
PARALLEL
Model Details: cluster randomized controlled trial
Sponsor Type
OTHER
Responsible Party
SPONSOR INVESTIGATOR
PI Title
Project manager - p.p. Chief investigator prof. dr. Catharina Matheï

Study Record Dates

First Submitted

May 2, 2019

First Posted

May 3, 2019

Study Start

June 24, 2019

Primary Completion

July 30, 2021

Study Completion

August 2, 2021

Last Updated

July 15, 2022

Record last verified: 2022-07

Data Sharing

IPD Sharing
Will share

All individual participant data (IPD) that underlie the results in our publications will be made available upon request. The IPD set will consist of deidentified participant data. It can be obtained by contacting the research team at KU Leuven: PI, catharina.mathei@kuleuven.be; trial coordinator, marc.vannuland@kuleuven.be; project manager, kristien.coteur@kuleuven.be. Each request before September 2023 will be reviewed by the Sponsor. In addition to the IPD set, we will also make the study protocol available through an open access publication, and have registered the trial on clinicaltrials.gov (NCT03937180). The informed consent forms are also publicly available through the trial website (www.bigbirdtrial.com), where the clinical study report will also be disseminated at the end of the trial, after approval of the funder KCE.

Shared Documents
STUDY PROTOCOL, ICF, CSR
Time Frame
All IPD will be available upon request, after publication of the results concerning the primary outcome, starting six months after publication. The IPD set can be requested until September 2023. For any request later than this date, follow-up by the Sponsor cannot be guaranteed.
Access Criteria
Reuse of the IPD set is only allowed for non-profit research, with correct reference to the original research and Sponsor.

Locations