Bibliotherapy for Improving Caregiving Appraisal Among Informal Caregivers of People With Dementia: A Pilot RCT

NCT03852121 | Completed

• 1 other identifier: HSEARS20181120001
• Study Type: interventional
• Target: 60
• Locations: 1 country
• Sites: 1

Brief Summary

This is a 8-week pilot randomized controlled trial utilizing bibliotherapy compared with usual care to investigate the feasibility and acceptability of bibliotherapy among informal caregivers of people with dementia in China, and preliminarily examine the efficacy on improving caregiving appraisal.

Conditions

Dementia

Keywords

caregiving appraisal; bibliotherapy; psychological wellbeing; informal caregiver

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (1)

• Changes in caregiving appraisal

  To be measured with the Chinese version of Caregiving Appraisal Scale (CAS). The Chinese version of CAS includes 26 items, divided into 4 subscales: caregiving burden, caregiving satisfaction, caregiving mastery, and caregiving impact. This is a 5 point Likert scale (1 = disagree a lot to 5 = agree a lot). The total score ranges from 26 to 130, with higher scores indicate more positive caregiving appraisal. The Cronbach's α for each subscale was 0.68\~0.87.

  At baseline, immediate post intervention

Secondary Outcomes (5)

• Changes in caregiver's coping

  At baseline, immediate post intervention

• Changes in caregiver's psychological well-being

  At baseline, immediate post intervention

• Changes in positive aspects of caregiving

  At baseline, immediate post intervention

• Changes in knowledge of dementia

  At baseline, immediate post intervention

• Changes in attitude toward dementia

  At baseline, immediate post intervention

Study Arms (2)

Intervention group

EXPERIMENTAL

Participants will receive bibliotherapy without withdrawing from the usual care. They will be asked to read the designated manual (consists of eight chapters) within a recommended period of time (over 8 weeks). Weekly telephone coaching will also be provided to figure out participants understanding, find out the unsolved problems and guide them for finding out the solution by themselves. An orientation will be organized before the first session. Two booster sessions will be organized during the study.

Behavioral: Bibliotherapy

Control group

NO INTERVENTION

The participants in the control group will only receive usual care provided by the community health professionals.

Interventions

Bibliotherapy BEHAVIORAL

Bibliotherapy is the use of reading materials for therapeutic benefits. In this study, an evidence-based modified manual will be used as the reading material. The manual adopts the self-directed problem-solving approach to dementia caregiving, examples of how other caregivers solve the specific problem for each chapter is included in the corresponding chapter. Bibliotherapy also involves guided learning by reading written information, enabling caregivers to solve their caregiving problems "step-by-step", so telephone coach is designed to figure out participants understanding, find out the unsolved problems and guide them for finding out the solution by themselves.

Intervention group

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 18 Years+
• Sex: all
• Healthy Volunteers: No
• Age Groups: Adult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)

You may qualify if:

• Caregiver who provides regular care to a person with early to moderate level of any type of medical diagnosis of dementia (PWD) for at least 5 hours per week for at least 6 months;
• Aged 18 or above;
• Not paid for the care provided;
• Assist with at least one of PWD's daily activities;
• Be able to read;
• Can be contacted by phone.

You may not qualify if:

• Caregivers with unstable physical or mental conditions;
• Those with cognitive impairment;
• Those involved in another interventional study.

Sponsors & Collaborators

• The Hong Kong Polytechnic University: lead

Study Sites (1)

School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University

Hong Kong, Hong Kong

Location

Related Publications (14)

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  PMID: 20637084 BACKGROUND

• Bilich LL, Deane FP, Phipps AB, Barisic M, Gould G. Effectiveness of bibliotherapy self-help for depression with varying levels of telephone helpline support. Clin Psychol Psychother. 2008 Mar-Apr;15(2):61-74. doi: 10.1002/cpp.562.

  PMID: 19115429 BACKGROUND

• Campbell LF, Smith TP. Integrating self-help books into psychotherapy. J Clin Psychol. 2003 Feb;59(2):177-86. doi: 10.1002/jclp.10140.

  PMID: 12552626 BACKGROUND

• Folkman, S., & Lazarus, R. S. (1988). Ways of coping questionnaire: Consulting Psychologists Press.

  BACKGROUND

• Hsiao HY, Liu Z, Xu L, Huang Y, Chi I. Knowledge, Attitudes, and Clinical Practices for Patients With Dementia Among Mental Health Providers in China: City and Town Differences. Gerontol Geriatr Educ. 2016 Oct-Dec;37(4):342-358. doi: 10.1080/02701960.2014.990152. Epub 2015 Jan 27.

  PMID: 25625718 BACKGROUND

• Lawton MP, Kleban MH, Moss M, Rovine M, Glicksman A. Measuring caregiving appraisal. J Gerontol. 1989 May;44(3):P61-71. doi: 10.1093/geronj/44.3.p61.

  PMID: 2715587 BACKGROUND

• Lawton MP, Moss M, Kleban MH, Glicksman A, Rovine M. A two-factor model of caregiving appraisal and psychological well-being. J Gerontol. 1991 Jul;46(4):P181-9. doi: 10.1093/geronj/46.4.p181.

  PMID: 2071844 BACKGROUND

• Lazarus, R. S., & Folkman, S. (1986). Stress, appraisal, and coping. New York: pringer.

  BACKGROUND

• Li, R.-H. (2014). Reliability and validity of a shorter Chinese version for Ryff's psychological well-being scale. Health Education Journal, 73(4), 446-452.

  BACKGROUND

• Lou VW, Lau BH, Cheung KS. Positive aspects of caregiving (PAC): scale validation among Chinese dementia caregivers (CG). Arch Gerontol Geriatr. 2015 Mar-Apr;60(2):299-306. doi: 10.1016/j.archger.2014.10.019. Epub 2014 Nov 7.

  PMID: 25488014 BACKGROUND

• Sclan SG, Reisberg B. Functional assessment staging (FAST) in Alzheimer's disease: reliability, validity, and ordinality. Int Psychogeriatr. 1992;4 Suppl 1:55-69. doi: 10.1017/s1041610292001157.

  PMID: 1504288 BACKGROUND

• Shechtman, Z. (2009). Bibliotherapy as a Method of Treatment. In Treating Child and Adolescent Aggression Through Bibliotherapy (pp. 1-17).

  BACKGROUND

• Wang S, Cheung DSK, Leung AYM. Overview of dementia care under the three-tier long-term care system of China. Public Health Nurs. 2019 Mar;36(2):199-206. doi: 10.1111/phn.12573. Epub 2018 Dec 13.

  PMID: 30549090 BACKGROUND

• Zheng X, Chung JO, Woo BK. Exploring the Impact of a Culturally Tailored Short Film in Modifying Dementia Stigma Among Chinese Americans: A Pilot Study. Acad Psychiatry. 2016 Apr;40(2):372-4. doi: 10.1007/s40596-015-0397-7. Epub 2015 Aug 26.

  PMID: 26307362 BACKGROUND

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Dementia

Interventions

Bibliotherapy

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Brain Diseases; Central Nervous System Diseases; Nervous System Diseases; Neurocognitive Disorders; Mental Disorders

Intervention Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Rehabilitation; Aftercare; Continuity of Patient Care; Patient Care; Therapeutics; Psychotherapy; Behavioral Disciplines and Activities

Study Officials

• Daphne Cheung, PhD

  School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University

  PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

Study Design

• Study Type: interventional
• Phase: not applicable
• Allocation: RANDOMIZED
• Masking: SINGLE
• Who Masked: OUTCOMES ASSESSOR
• Purpose: TREATMENT
• Intervention Model: PARALLEL
• Sponsor Type: OTHER
• Responsible Party: PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
• PI Title: Principal Investigator

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: February 4, 2019
• First Posted: February 25, 2019
• Study Start: December 1, 2018
• Primary Completion: September 30, 2019
• Study Completion: August 30, 2020
• Last Updated: October 19, 2020

Record last verified: 2020-10

Data Sharing

• IPD Sharing: Will not share

Locations

HK (1)