Upper Versus Lower Body Resistance Exercise in Older Adults

NCT03831373 | Completed

• 1 other identifier: 16-1009-17
• Study Type: interventional
• Target: 79
• Locations: 1 country
• Sites: 1

Brief Summary

TITLE: Relation between focused resistance training and its effect on cognitive performance and functional Independence of institutionalized elderly. HIPOTHESIS: The performance of a physical exercise program based on resistance training in older adults stabilizes or improves some parameters of the functional independence as well as the cognitive function, finding effects overall organism by the focused training of some muscular groups. GENERAL OBJECTIVES: 1) to analyze the differential effects of an exercise program based on the training of the muscular strength of the upper body versus a lower body one, at short and long term in institutionalized elderly people; 2) to identify if there is any relations between the variables that induce frailness or functional dependence and the physical exercise program. SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES: To determine the differential effects of a physical exercise program based on the development of the muscular strength of the upper body versus the lower body, in sessions of 40 minutes a day, 2 days per week during 7 months on: a) The improvement of functional independence by the amelioration of balance, decrease of fall risk and an adequate development in the activities of daily living; b) The improvement of the global cognitive function; c) The improvement of the quality of life. METHODS

• Design: Controlled trial. The institutionalized elderly from the geriatric centers will be invited to take part in the study. After they meet the selection criteria, they will be assigned to two experimental groups and one control group in each center. Information regarding sociodemographic characteristics and a clinical anamnesis of the participants will be collected.
• Intervention: Three groups, one from each centre. Two centers, experimental groups, will perform two physical exercises programs of resistance training with elastic bands, one focused on the upper and one on the lower body. They will be carried 2 days per week, during 3 months in 45-minute sessions. The program will consist of 5 exercises, with a volume of 4 sets of 12 repetitions, with 2-minute breaks between sets and 3 between exercises. Control group will participate in 40 minutes stretching sessions, 3 times per week. After 3 months of exercise and after three months of transition, they experimental groups will perform the other program for another 3 months, crossing the interventions.
• Assessments: Six will be carried: At the beginning, at the end of the first intervention, at the beginning of the second one, at the end and a follow up 3 months later. In each, it will be assessed the potential cognitive impairment and cognitive status (Spanish version of the MMSE, Fototest and Trail Making Test part A), functional independence (Timed Up and Go Test), grip strength (hand dynamometer), lower body strength (30 Seconds Chair Stands) and flexibility/mobility (Chair Sit-and-Reach and Back Scratch Test.)

Conditions

Quality of Life; Aging

Keywords

Exercise

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (7)

• Spanish version of the Mini-Mental State Examination.

  The Mini-Mental State Examination is a 30-point questionnaire comprised by eight different categories and score range. Orientation to time (0-5 points) Orientation to place (0-5 points) Registration (0-3 points) Attention and calculation (0-5 points) Recall (0-3 points) Language (0-2 points) Repetition (0-1 points) Complex commands (0-6 points). Interpretation: Any score greater than or equal to 24 points (out of 30) indicates a normal cognition. ≤9 points: severe cognitive impairment 10-18 points: moderate cognitive impairment and 19-23 points: mild cognitive impairment.

  24 weeks

• Test of the pictures

  The test of the pictures (Fototest in the Spanish version) is used to assess the short and long-term memory, the verbal fluency and denomination capacities. The test is well correlated with the Mini-mental State Examination and it's reference values are situated in 34.4±4.4.

  24 weeks

• Trail Making Test part A.

  The Trail Making Test part A. The time required by an individual to draw lines sequentially connecting 25 encircled numbers distributed on a sheet of paper is measured.

  24 weeks

• Timed Up and Go Test

  Standardized test to assess the basic functional mobility of elderly persons. The patient is observed and timed while he rises from an arm chair, walks 3 meters, turns, walks back, and sits down again.

  24 weeks

• Grip Strength

  Assessed by means of a hand-held dynamometer, Grip Strength: By means of a hand-held dynamometer, this assessment has been stated as a predictor of frailty and mortality.

  24 weeks

• Chair Sit and Reach

  Present in the Senior Fitness Test, to assess the mobility/flexibility of the lower back and limbs.

  24 weeks

• Back Scratch Test

  Present in the Senior Fitness Test, this evaluates the joint mobility of the shoulders.

  24 weeks

Study Arms (3)

Upper-limb-focused resistance training

EXPERIMENTAL

Other: Physical exercise

Lower-limb-focused resistance training

EXPERIMENTAL

Lower-limb-focused resistance training with elastic bands.

Other: Physical exercise

Stretching exercise

ACTIVE COMPARATOR

Stretching exercise program in a sitting position.

Other: Physical exercise

Interventions

Physical exercise OTHER

Three physical exercise programs, two of resistance training with elastic bands and one of stretching exercises, all performed in a sitting position.

Lower-limb-focused resistance training; Stretching exercise; Upper-limb-focused resistance training

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 60 Years+
• Sex: all
• Healthy Volunteers: Yes
• Age Groups: Adult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)

You may qualify if:

• No medical contraindications to be involved in the exercise programs.
• To be able to follow the exercise classes
• Signed informed consent

Sponsors & Collaborators

• University of Vigo: lead

Study Sites (1)

DomusVi Barreiro

Vigo, Galicia, 362014, Spain

Location

Related Publications (1)

• Sanchez-Lastra MA, Varela S, Cancela JM, Ayan C. Upper versus lower body resistance exercise with elastic bands: effects on cognitive and physical function of institutionalized older adults. Eur Geriatr Med. 2022 Aug;13(4):907-916. doi: 10.1007/s41999-022-00616-6. Epub 2022 Feb 12.

  PMID: 35150433 DERIVED

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Motor Activity

Interventions

Exercise

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Behavior

Intervention Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Motor Activity; Movement; Musculoskeletal Physiological Phenomena; Musculoskeletal and Neural Physiological Phenomena

Study Design

• Study Type: interventional
• Phase: not applicable
• Allocation: NON RANDOMIZED
• Masking: SINGLE
• Who Masked: PARTICIPANT
• Purpose: OTHER
• Intervention Model: CROSSOVER
• Sponsor Type: OTHER
• Responsible Party: PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
• PI Title: Principal Investigator

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: October 9, 2018
• First Posted: February 5, 2019
• Study Start: February 21, 2018
• Primary Completion: March 21, 2019
• Study Completion: March 21, 2019
• Last Updated: April 17, 2019

Record last verified: 2019-04

Locations

ES (1)