Lidocaine and Perioperative Cytokine Levels in Blood and Cerebrospinal Fluid in Cerebral Aneurysm Patients

NCT03823482 | Unknown

• 1 other identifier: 51
• Study Type: interventional
• Target: 40
• Locations: 1 country
• Sites: 1

Brief Summary

Cerebral aneurysm surgery has significant mortality and morbidity rate. Inflammation plays a key role in the pathogenesis of intracranial aneurysms, their rupture, subarachnoid haemorrhage and neurologic complications. Brain injury activates immune cells and triggers cytokine release. Cytokine level in blood and cerebrospinal fluid is an indicator of inflammatory response. Cytokines contribute to secondary brain injury and can worsen the outcome of the treatment. Preventing secondary brain injury by modulating inflammatory response represents a therapeutic target. Lidocaine is local anesthetic that can be used in neurosurgery for regional anesthesia of the scalp and for topical anesthesia of the throat prior to direct laryngoscopy and endotracheal intubation. Except analgetic, lidocaine has systemic anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effect. It acts through several mechanisms on various types of immune cells producing immunosuppressing effect. Lidocaine can act on activated microglia within central nervous system causing attenuation of immune response. Primary aim of this prospective randomized trial is to determine influence of lidocaine administration on inflammatory cytokine levels in serum and cerebrospinal fluid during and following cerebral aneurysm surgery. Secondary aim is to determine possible correlation between levels of cytokines and incidence of neurologic and infectious postoperative complications. For that purpose, postoperative neurological clinical status will be recorded. Signs of vasospasm and pathological postoperative brain CT scan findings will be recorded. Incidence of meningitis, pneumonia and sepsis in postoperative period will also be analyzed. Hypothesis of this trial is that lidocaine administration during cerebral aneurysm surgery would significantly change levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines in cerebrospinal fluid and serum. Lower concentrations of pro-inflammatory cytokines can possibly contribute to better outcome and significantly lower incidence of postoperative complications. Enzyme-immunochemical analysis will be used to measure levels of interleukin-1β, interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α in cerebrospinal fluid and serum. Investigation group will have, during cerebrovascular surgery under general anesthesia, regional anesthesia of the scalp and topical anesthesia of the throat prior to laryngoscopy, all done with lidocaine. Control group will have general anesthesia without lidocaine administration.

Conditions

Aneurysm, Cerebral

Keywords

aneurysm, cerebral; inflammation mediators; lidocaine, hydrochloride

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (3)

• Change in concentrations of interleukin-1β

  Concentrations of IL-1β in pg/ml in cerebrospinal fluid and serum measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay

  Up to 24 hours after anesthesia induction.

• Change in concentrations of interleukin-6

  Concentrations of IL-6 in pg/ml in cerebrospinal fluid and serum measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay

  Up to 24 hours after anesthesia induction.

• Change in concentrations of tumor necrosis factor α

  Concentrations of TNF-α in pg/ml in cerebrospinal fluid and serum measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay

  Up to 24 hours after anesthesia induction.

Secondary Outcomes (4)

• Incidence of new motoric deficit

  Up to one week postoperatively

• Incidence of generalized epileptic seizure

  Up to one week postoperatively

• Incidence of vasospasm

  Up to one week postoperatively

• Incidence of pathological computerized tomography brain scan

  Up to one week postoperatively

Other Outcomes (1)

• Incidence of meningitis, pneumonia and sepsis

  Up to one week postoperatively

Study Arms (2)

Lidocaine group

EXPERIMENTAL

Participants in lidocaine group, following induction to general anesthesia, will have lidocaine 2% 4 mg/kg administered as regional anesthesia of the scalp prior to Mayfield frame placement and lidocaine 1% 40 mg topically to the throat prior to direct laryngoscopy and endotracheal intubation. Maximum dosage of lidocaine won't exceed 400 mg.

Drug: Lidocaine

Control group

NO INTERVENTION

Participants in control group will have general anesthesia without lidocaine administration.

Interventions

Lidocaine DRUG

Administration of lidocaine 2% 4 mg/kg administered as regional anesthesia of the scalp prior to Mayfield frame placement and lidocaine 1% 40 mg topically to the throat prior to direct laryngoscopy and endotracheal intubation.

Also known as: Regional anesthesia

Lidocaine group

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 18 Years - 70 Years
• Sex: all
• Healthy Volunteers: No
• Age Groups: Adult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)

You may qualify if:

• ASA ( American Society of Anesthesiologists) grading status I-III,
• scheduled for cerebral aneurysm surgery under general anesthesia,
• signed informed consent for participating in the research.

You may not qualify if:

• poorly controlled chronic or acute cardiovascular, respiratory or autoimmune disease,
• acute infectious disease,
• renal or hepatic insufficiency,
• preoperative Glasgow Coma Scale score lower than 15,
• allergic reaction to any of the medications in protocol,
• pregnancy
• refusal to participate in the research.

Sponsors & Collaborators

• Clinical Hospital Centre Zagreb: lead

Study Sites (1)

UHCZagreb

Zagreb, 10000, Croatia

Location

Related Publications (12)

• Chaki T, Sugino S, Janicki PK, Ishioka Y, Hatakeyama Y, Hayase T, Kaneuchi-Yamashita M, Kohri N, Yamakage M. Efficacy and Safety of a Lidocaine and Ropivacaine Mixture for Scalp Nerve Block and Local Infiltration Anesthesia in Patients Undergoing Awake Craniotomy. J Neurosurg Anesthesiol. 2016 Jan;28(1):1-5. doi: 10.1097/ANA.0000000000000149.

  PMID: 25493926 BACKGROUND

• Guilfoyle MR, Helmy A, Duane D, Hutchinson PJA. Regional scalp block for postcraniotomy analgesia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Anesth Analg. 2013 May;116(5):1093-1102. doi: 10.1213/ANE.0b013e3182863c22. Epub 2013 Mar 11.

  PMID: 23477962 BACKGROUND

• Leng T, Gao X, Dilger JP, Lin J. Neuroprotective effect of lidocaine: is there clinical potential? Int J Physiol Pathophysiol Pharmacol. 2016 Apr 25;8(1):9-13. eCollection 2016.

  PMID: 27186318 BACKGROUND

• Hollmann MW, Durieux ME. Local anesthetics and the inflammatory response: a new therapeutic indication? Anesthesiology. 2000 Sep;93(3):858-75. doi: 10.1097/00000542-200009000-00038. No abstract available.

  PMID: 10969322 BACKGROUND

• Jeong HJ, Lin D, Li L, Zuo Z. Delayed treatment with lidocaine reduces mouse microglial cell injury and cytokine production after stimulation with lipopolysaccharide and interferon gamma. Anesth Analg. 2012 Apr;114(4):856-61. doi: 10.1213/ANE.0b013e3182460ab5. Epub 2012 Jan 16.

  PMID: 22253275 BACKGROUND

• Pawlowska E, Szczepanska J, Wisniewski K, Tokarz P, Jaskolski DJ, Blasiak J. NF-kappaB-Mediated Inflammation in the Pathogenesis of Intracranial Aneurysm and Subarachnoid Hemorrhage. Does Autophagy Play a Role? Int J Mol Sci. 2018 Apr 19;19(4):1245. doi: 10.3390/ijms19041245.

  PMID: 29671828 BACKGROUND

• Aoki T, Nishimura M. Targeting chronic inflammation in cerebral aneurysms: focusing on NF-kappaB as a putative target of medical therapy. Expert Opin Ther Targets. 2010 Mar;14(3):265-73. doi: 10.1517/14728221003586836.

  PMID: 20128708 BACKGROUND

• Mutlu LK, Woiciechowsky C, Bechmann I. Inflammatory response after neurosurgery. Best Pract Res Clin Anaesthesiol. 2004 Sep;18(3):407-24. doi: 10.1016/j.bpa.2003.12.003.

  PMID: 15212336 BACKGROUND

• Chaudhry SR, Stoffel-Wagner B, Kinfe TM, Guresir E, Vatter H, Dietrich D, Lamprecht A, Muhammad S. Elevated Systemic IL-6 Levels in Patients with Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Is an Unspecific Marker for Post-SAH Complications. Int J Mol Sci. 2017 Dec 1;18(12):2580. doi: 10.3390/ijms18122580.

  PMID: 29194369 BACKGROUND

• Osborn I, Sebeo J. "Scalp block" during craniotomy: a classic technique revisited. J Neurosurg Anesthesiol. 2010 Jul;22(3):187-94. doi: 10.1097/ANA.0b013e3181d48846.

  PMID: 20479675 BACKGROUND

• Hopkins SJ, McMahon CJ, Singh N, Galea J, Hoadley M, Scarth S, Patel H, Vail A, Hulme S, Rothwell NJ, King AT, Tyrrell PJ. Cerebrospinal fluid and plasma cytokines after subarachnoid haemorrhage: CSF interleukin-6 may be an early marker of infection. J Neuroinflammation. 2012 Nov 23;9:255. doi: 10.1186/1742-2094-9-255.

  PMID: 23176037 BACKGROUND

• Matas M, Sotosek V, Kozmar A, Likic R, Sekulic A. Effect of local anesthesia with lidocaine on perioperative proinflammatory cytokine levels in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid in cerebral aneurysm patients: Study protocol for a randomized clinical trial. Medicine (Baltimore). 2019 Oct;98(42):e17450. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000017450.

  PMID: 31626100 DERIVED

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Intracranial Aneurysm

Interventions

Lidocaine; Anesthesia, Conduction

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Intracranial Arterial Diseases; Cerebrovascular Disorders; Brain Diseases; Central Nervous System Diseases; Nervous System Diseases; Aneurysm; Vascular Diseases; Cardiovascular Diseases

Intervention Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Acetanilides; Anilides; Amides; Organic Chemicals; Aniline Compounds; Amines; Anesthesia; Anesthesia and Analgesia

Study Design

• Study Type: interventional
• Phase: not applicable
• Allocation: RANDOMIZED
• Masking: NONE
• Purpose: OTHER
• Intervention Model: PARALLEL
• Sponsor Type: OTHER
• Responsible Party: PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
• PI Title: Principal Investigator

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: January 24, 2019
• First Posted: January 30, 2019
• Study Start: March 1, 2019
• Primary Completion: March 1, 2021
• Study Completion: December 1, 2021
• Last Updated: November 12, 2020

Record last verified: 2020-11

Locations

CR (1)