NCT03549104

Brief Summary

All persons with type 1 diabetes are at risk for developing hypoglycemia (low blood sugar). This is a life-threatening condition that leads to profound fear of hypoglycemia and reduced quality of life. Fear of hypoglycemia results in glucose fluctuations (from high to low glucose levels). Young adults are particularly at risk because they report high levels of fear of hypoglycemia and poor glucose control. Currently, no diabetes self-management programs specifically address how to cope with fear of hypoglycemia. The investigators propose to pilot test a fear reduction intervention (Fear Reduction Efficacy Evaluation \[FREE\]) and its effects on fear of hypoglycemia, diabetes self-management, glucose control, and glucose variability.

Trial Health

87
On Track

Trial Health Score

Automated assessment based on enrollment pace, timeline, and geographic reach

Enrollment
51

participants targeted

Target at P25-P50 for not_applicable

Timeline
Completed

Started Jan 2019

Typical duration for not_applicable

Geographic Reach
1 country

1 active site

Status
completed

Health score is calculated from publicly available data and should be used for screening purposes only.

Trial Relationships

Click on a node to explore related trials.

Study Timeline

Key milestones and dates

First Submitted

Initial submission to the registry

April 24, 2018

Completed
1 month until next milestone

First Posted

Study publicly available on registry

June 7, 2018

Completed
7 months until next milestone

Study Start

First participant enrolled

January 14, 2019

Completed
2.5 years until next milestone

Primary Completion

Last participant's last visit for primary outcome

June 30, 2021

Completed
Same day until next milestone

Study Completion

Last participant's last visit for all outcomes

June 30, 2021

Completed
11 months until next milestone

Results Posted

Study results publicly available

May 20, 2022

Completed
Last Updated

June 6, 2024

Status Verified

March 1, 2024

Enrollment Period

2.5 years

First QC Date

April 24, 2018

Results QC Date

October 25, 2021

Last Update Submit

May 9, 2024

Conditions

Keywords

fear of hypoglycemiaglycemic controlglycemic variabilityself-management behavior

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (1)

  • Fear of Hypoglycemia

    Change in Worry Subscale score. Fear of hypoglycemia is measured with the Worry Subscale of the Hypoglycemia Fear Survey II (HFS-II) which is an 18-item, 5-point Likert-style scale with a possible score range from 0-72. A higher score indicates greater fear of hypoglycemia.

    Assessing change between two time points: from baseline to week 8 of intervention.

Secondary Outcomes (2)

  • Glycemic Control

    Assessing change between two time points: from baseline to week 8 of intervention.

  • Glycemic Variability

    Assessing change between two time points: from baseline to week 8 of intervention

Study Arms (2)

Fear Reduction Efficacy Evaluation (FREE)

EXPERIMENTAL

The FREE intervention group will participate in eight weekly individual one-hour sessions using CBT and exposure treatment for specific fears.

Behavioral: Fear Reduction Intervention

Attention Control

ACTIVE COMPARATOR

The attention control group will participate in eight weekly individual one-hour Diabetes Self-Management Education (DSME) sessions.

Behavioral: Attention Control

Interventions

FREE

Fear Reduction Efficacy Evaluation (FREE)

DSMES

Attention Control

Eligibility Criteria

Age18 Years - 35 Years
Sexall
Healthy VolunteersNo
Age GroupsAdult (18-64)

You may qualify if:

  • Diagnosis of T1DM ≥ 1 year, receive medical care from an endocrinologist, use insulin pump therapy or multiple daily injection (MDI), have fear of hypoglycemia (screening questionnaire), and attended a basic diabetes educational program

You may not qualify if:

  • Pregnant or breastfeeding, have received therapy specifically for fear of hypoglycemia, have a co-existing chronic illness

Contact the study team to confirm eligibility.

Sponsors & Collaborators

Study Sites (1)

University of Illinois at Chicago

Chicago, Illinois, 60612, United States

Location

Related Publications (2)

  • Martyn-Nemeth P, Duffecy J, Quinn L, Park C, Reutrakul S, Mihailescu D, Park M, Penckofer S. FREE: A randomized controlled feasibility trial of a cognitive behavioral therapy and technology-assisted intervention to reduce fear of hypoglycemia in young adults with type 1 diabetes. J Psychosom Res. 2024 Jun;181:111679. doi: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2024.111679. Epub 2024 Apr 20.

  • Martyn-Nemeth P, Duffecy J, Quinn L, Park C, Mihailescu D, Penckofer S. A cognitive behavioral therapy intervention to reduce fear of hypoglycemia in young adults with type 1 diabetes (FREE): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Trials. 2019 Dec 30;20(1):796. doi: 10.1186/s13063-019-3876-4.

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Diabetes MellitusGlucose Metabolism DisordersMetabolic DiseasesNutritional and Metabolic DiseasesEndocrine System DiseasesAutoimmune DiseasesImmune System Diseases

Results Point of Contact

Title
Pamela Martyn-Nemeth
Organization
University of Illinois at Chicago

Study Officials

  • Pamela Martyn-Nemeth, PhD

    University of Illinois at Chic

    PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

Publication Agreements

PI is Sponsor Employee
No
Restrictive Agreement
No

Study Design

Study Type
interventional
Phase
not applicable
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Masking
DOUBLE
Who Masked
INVESTIGATOR, OUTCOMES ASSESSOR
Masking Details
Principal Investigator and outcome assessors masked.
Purpose
TREATMENT
Intervention Model
PARALLEL
Model Details: randomized controlled trial
Sponsor Type
OTHER
Responsible Party
PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
PI Title
Assistant Professor Biobehavioral Nursing Science College of Nursing

Study Record Dates

First Submitted

April 24, 2018

First Posted

June 7, 2018

Study Start

January 14, 2019

Primary Completion

June 30, 2021

Study Completion

June 30, 2021

Last Updated

June 6, 2024

Results First Posted

May 20, 2022

Record last verified: 2024-03

Data Sharing

IPD Sharing
Will not share

Locations