NCT03517410

Brief Summary

This study investigates the association between the duration of smart phone use and back pain and proprioception deficits in patients with chronic mechanical low back pain (CLBP). It is hypothesized that increased duration of smart phone use will be associated with

  1. 1.Increased back pain as measured by the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS)
  2. 2.Reduced proprioception acuity as indicated by increased angle of error of back repositioning as measured by isokinetic dynamometer.

Trial Health

87
On Track

Trial Health Score

Automated assessment based on enrollment pace, timeline, and geographic reach

Enrollment
62

participants targeted

Target at P25-P50 for all trials

Timeline
Completed

Started May 2018

Shorter than P25 for all trials

Geographic Reach
1 country

1 active site

Status
completed

Health score is calculated from publicly available data and should be used for screening purposes only.

Trial Relationships

Click on a node to explore related trials.

Study Timeline

Key milestones and dates

First Submitted

Initial submission to the registry

April 25, 2018

Completed
12 days until next milestone

First Posted

Study publicly available on registry

May 7, 2018

Completed
8 days until next milestone

Study Start

First participant enrolled

May 15, 2018

Completed
6 months until next milestone

Primary Completion

Last participant's last visit for primary outcome

November 1, 2018

Completed
2 months until next milestone

Study Completion

Last participant's last visit for all outcomes

December 31, 2018

Completed
Last Updated

May 21, 2019

Status Verified

May 1, 2019

Enrollment Period

6 months

First QC Date

April 25, 2018

Last Update Submit

May 19, 2019

Conditions

Keywords

Mechanical Low Back PainSmart phoneLow Back PainChronic Mechanical Low Back PainCLBP

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (1)

  • Pain

    Current pain intensity will be measured using the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). This scale is a 100 mm line drawn on a piece of paper. The line is labeled 0 at one end (indicating no pain) and 10 at the other end (indicating excruciating pain). A change of minimally 20 mm on VAS is considered a minimal detectable change.

    same day

Secondary Outcomes (1)

  • Back repositioning error in flexion direction

    Same day

Study Arms (1)

Smart phone Use Experimental group

Patients with CLBP

Other: Smart phone use

Interventions

Patients will be asked to use the smart phone while seated for either: (1) 10 minutes or (2) 30 minutes.

Smart phone Use Experimental group

Eligibility Criteria

Age18 Years - 45 Years
Sexall
Healthy VolunteersNo
Age GroupsAdult (18-64)
Sampling MethodNon-Probability Sample
Study Population

Seventy male and female adults will be recruited from out patient clinic of the faculties of Physical therapy and medicine, Cairo University. Further, physical therapy students who are diagnosed with CLBP will be recruited via advertising on social media.

You may qualify if:

  • Egyptian adult patients with mechanical CLBP Back pain duration is greater than 3 months Age ranging from 18 years to 45

You may not qualify if:

  • Patients with any systemic disease that may affect spine function.
  • Patients with previous history of spine trauma or dysfunction other than mechanical LBP.
  • Lumbosacral nerve root entrapment.
  • Patients with memory loss or impaired cognitive function
  • patients who report back pain associated with sitting position

Contact the study team to confirm eligibility.

Sponsors & Collaborators

Study Sites (1)

Faculty of Physical Therapy, Cairo University

Cairo, Egypt

Location

Related Publications (43)

  • Alhalabi MS, Alhaleeb H, Madani S. Risk factors associated with chronic low back pain in Syria. Avicenna J Med. 2015 Oct-Dec;5(4):110-6. doi: 10.4103/2231-0770.165123.

    PMID: 26629465BACKGROUND
  • Ali M, Asim M, Danish SH, Ahmad F, Iqbal A, Hasan SD. Frequency of De Quervain's tenosynovitis and its association with SMS texting. Muscles Ligaments Tendons J. 2014 May 8;4(1):74-8. eCollection 2014 Jan.

    PMID: 24932451BACKGROUND
  • Atlas SJ, Deyo RA. Evaluating and managing acute low back pain in the primary care setting. J Gen Intern Med. 2001 Feb;16(2):120-31. doi: 10.1111/j.1525-1497.2001.91141.x.

    PMID: 11251764BACKGROUND
  • Balague F, Mannion AF, Pellise F, Cedraschi C. Non-specific low back pain. Lancet. 2012 Feb 4;379(9814):482-91. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(11)60610-7. Epub 2011 Oct 6.

    PMID: 21982256BACKGROUND
  • Balakrishnan, R., Chinnavan, E., & Feii, T. (2016). An extensive usage of hand held devices will lead to musculoskeletal disorder of upper extremity among student in AMU : A survey method. International Journal of Physical Education, Sport and Health, 3(2), 368-372.

    BACKGROUND
  • Bijur PE, Silver W, Gallagher EJ. Reliability of the visual analog scale for measurement of acute pain. Acad Emerg Med. 2001 Dec;8(12):1153-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1553-2712.2001.tb01132.x.

    PMID: 11733293BACKGROUND
  • Chany AM, Marras WS, Burr DL. The effect of phone design on upper extremity discomfort and muscle fatigue. Hum Factors. 2007 Aug;49(4):602-18. doi: 10.1518/001872007X215683.

    PMID: 17702212BACKGROUND
  • Borenstein DG. Chronic low back pain. Rheum Dis Clin North Am. 1996 Aug;22(3):439-56. doi: 10.1016/s0889-857x(05)70281-7.

    PMID: 8844907BACKGROUND
  • Chiang HY, Liu CH. Exploration of the associations of touch-screen tablet computer usage and musculoskeletal discomfort. Work. 2016 Mar 10;53(4):917-25. doi: 10.3233/WOR-162274.

    PMID: 26967038BACKGROUND
  • Deyo RA. Early diagnostic evaluation of low back pain. J Gen Intern Med. 1986 Sep-Oct;1(5):328-38. doi: 10.1007/BF02596214. No abstract available.

    PMID: 2945917BACKGROUND
  • Downie WW, Leatham PA, Rhind VM, Wright V, Branco JA, Anderson JA. Studies with pain rating scales. Ann Rheum Dis. 1978 Aug;37(4):378-81. doi: 10.1136/ard.37.4.378.

    PMID: 686873BACKGROUND
  • Drouin JM, Valovich-mcLeod TC, Shultz SJ, Gansneder BM, Perrin DH. Reliability and validity of the Biodex system 3 pro isokinetic dynamometer velocity, torque and position measurements. Eur J Appl Physiol. 2004 Jan;91(1):22-9. doi: 10.1007/s00421-003-0933-0. Epub 2003 Sep 24.

    PMID: 14508689BACKGROUND
  • Garcia-Vaquero MP, Barbado D, Juan-Recio C, Lopez-Valenciano A, Vera-Garcia FJ. Isokinetic trunk flexion-extension protocol to assess trunk muscle strength and endurance: Reliability, learning effect, and sex differences. J Sport Health Sci. 2020 Dec;9(6):692-701. doi: 10.1016/j.jshs.2016.08.011. Epub 2016 Nov 14.

    PMID: 33308821BACKGROUND
  • Georgy EE. Lumbar repositioning accuracy as a measure of proprioception in patients with back dysfunction and healthy controls. Asian Spine J. 2011 Dec;5(4):201-7. doi: 10.4184/asj.2011.5.4.201. Epub 2011 Nov 28.

    PMID: 22164313BACKGROUND
  • Gustafsson E, Johnson PW, Lindegard A, Hagberg M. Technique, muscle activity and kinematic differences in young adults texting on mobile phones. Ergonomics. 2011 May;54(5):477-87. doi: 10.1080/00140139.2011.568634.

    PMID: 21547792BACKGROUND
  • Haug S, Castro RP, Kwon M, Filler A, Kowatsch T, Schaub MP. Smartphone use and smartphone addiction among young people in Switzerland. J Behav Addict. 2015 Dec;4(4):299-307. doi: 10.1556/2006.4.2015.037.

    PMID: 26690625BACKGROUND
  • Heikkila HV, Wenngren BI. Cervicocephalic kinesthetic sensibility, active range of cervical motion, and oculomotor function in patients with whiplash injury. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 1998 Sep;79(9):1089-94. doi: 10.1016/s0003-9993(98)90176-9.

    PMID: 9749689BACKGROUND
  • Hussien HM, Abdel-Raoof NA, Kattabei OM, Ahmed HH. Effect of Mulligan Concept Lumbar SNAG on Chronic Nonspecific Low Back Pain. J Chiropr Med. 2017 Jun;16(2):94-102. doi: 10.1016/j.jcm.2017.01.003. Epub 2017 Mar 30.

    PMID: 28559749BACKGROUND
  • Katz JN. Lumbar disc disorders and low-back pain: socioeconomic factors and consequences. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2006 Apr;88 Suppl 2:21-4. doi: 10.2106/JBJS.E.01273.

    PMID: 16595438BACKGROUND
  • Kim SY, Koo SJ. Effect of duration of smartphone use on muscle fatigue and pain caused by forward head posture in adults. J Phys Ther Sci. 2016 Jun;28(6):1669-72. doi: 10.1589/jpts.28.1669. Epub 2016 Jun 28.

    PMID: 27390391BACKGROUND
  • Kwon M, Kim DJ, Cho H, Yang S. The smartphone addiction scale: development and validation of a short version for adolescents. PLoS One. 2013 Dec 31;8(12):e83558. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0083558. eCollection 2013.

    PMID: 24391787BACKGROUND
  • Lee J, Seo K. The comparison of cervical repositioning errors according to smartphone addiction grades. J Phys Ther Sci. 2014 Apr;26(4):595-8. doi: 10.1589/jpts.26.595. Epub 2014 Apr 23.

    PMID: 24764641BACKGROUND
  • Lee S, Kang H, Shin G. Head flexion angle while using a smartphone. Ergonomics. 2015;58(2):220-6. doi: 10.1080/00140139.2014.967311. Epub 2014 Oct 17.

    PMID: 25323467BACKGROUND
  • Leinonen V, Kankaanpaa M, Luukkonen M, Hanninen O, Airaksinen O, Taimela S. Disc herniation-related back pain impairs feed-forward control of paraspinal muscles. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2001 Aug 15;26(16):E367-72. doi: 10.1097/00007632-200108150-00014.

    PMID: 11493866BACKGROUND
  • Mayer T, Gatchel R, Betancur J, Bovasso E. Trunk muscle endurance measurement. Isometric contrasted to isokinetic testing in normal subjects. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 1995 Apr 15;20(8):920-6; discussion 926-7.

    PMID: 7644957BACKGROUND
  • Melloh M, Roder C, Elfering A, Theis JC, Muller U, Staub LP, Aghayev E, Zweig T, Barz T, Kohlmann T, Wieser S, Juni P, Zwahlen M. Differences across health care systems in outcome and cost-utility of surgical and conservative treatment of chronic low back pain: a study protocol. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2008 Jun 6;9:81. doi: 10.1186/1471-2474-9-81.

    PMID: 18534034BACKGROUND
  • Meucci RD, Fassa AG, Faria NM. Prevalence of chronic low back pain: systematic review. Rev Saude Publica. 2015;49:1. doi: 10.1590/S0034-8910.2015049005874. Epub 2015 Oct 20.

    PMID: 26487293BACKGROUND
  • Ming Z, Pietikainen S, Hanninen O. Excessive texting in pathophysiology of first carpometacarpal joint arthritis. Pathophysiology. 2006 Dec;13(4):269-70. doi: 10.1016/j.pathophys.2006.09.001. Epub 2006 Oct 17.

    PMID: 17049823BACKGROUND
  • O'Sullivan PB, Burnett A, Floyd AN, Gadsdon K, Logiudice J, Miller D, Quirke H. Lumbar repositioning deficit in a specific low back pain population. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2003 May 15;28(10):1074-9. doi: 10.1097/01.BRS.0000061990.56113.6F.

    PMID: 12768152BACKGROUND
  • Olaogun, M. O. B., Adedoyin, R. A., Ikem, I. C., & Anifaloba, O. R. (2004). Reliability of rating low back pain with a visual analogue scale and a semantic differential scale. Physiotherapy Theory and Practice, 20(2), 135-142.

    BACKGROUND
  • Ostelo RW, de Vet HC. Clinically important outcomes in low back pain. Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol. 2005 Aug;19(4):593-607. doi: 10.1016/j.berh.2005.03.003.

    PMID: 15949778BACKGROUND
  • Parasuraman S, Sam AT, Yee SWK, Chuon BLC, Ren LY. Smartphone usage and increased risk of mobile phone addiction: A concurrent study. Int J Pharm Investig. 2017 Jul-Sep;7(3):125-131. doi: 10.4103/jphi.JPHI_56_17.

    PMID: 29184824BACKGROUND
  • Richter HO, Zetterberg C, Forsman M. Trapezius muscle activity increases during near work activity regardless of accommodation/vergence demand level. Eur J Appl Physiol. 2015 Jul;115(7):1501-12. doi: 10.1007/s00421-015-3125-9. Epub 2015 Feb 20.

    PMID: 25697148BACKGROUND
  • Salaffi F, Stancati A, Silvestri CA, Ciapetti A, Grassi W. Minimal clinically important changes in chronic musculoskeletal pain intensity measured on a numerical rating scale. Eur J Pain. 2004 Aug;8(4):283-91. doi: 10.1016/j.ejpain.2003.09.004.

    PMID: 15207508BACKGROUND
  • Samaha, M., & Hawi, N. S. (2016). Relationships among smartphone addiction , stress , academic performance , and satisfaction with life. Computers in Human Behavior, 57, 321-325.

    BACKGROUND
  • Shan Z, Deng G, Li J, Li Y, Zhang Y, Zhao Q. Correlational analysis of neck/shoulder pain and low back pain with the use of digital products, physical activity and psychological status among adolescents in Shanghai. PLoS One. 2013 Oct 11;8(10):e78109. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0078109. eCollection 2013.

    PMID: 24147114BACKGROUND
  • Silva GR, Pitangui AC, Xavier MK, Correia-Junior MA, De Araujo RC. Prevalence of musculoskeletal pain in adolescents and association with computer and videogame use. J Pediatr (Rio J). 2016 Mar-Apr;92(2):188-96. doi: 10.1016/j.jped.2015.06.006. Epub 2015 Dec 28.

    PMID: 26738891BACKGROUND
  • O'Sullivan P. Diagnosis and classification of chronic low back pain disorders: maladaptive movement and motor control impairments as underlying mechanism. Man Ther. 2005 Nov;10(4):242-55. doi: 10.1016/j.math.2005.07.001. Epub 2005 Sep 9.

    PMID: 16154380BACKGROUND
  • Swinkels A, Dolan P. Regional assessment of joint position sense in the spine. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 1998 Mar 1;23(5):590-7. doi: 10.1097/00007632-199803010-00012.

    PMID: 9530791BACKGROUND
  • Takala EP, Korhonen I, Viikari-Juntura E. Postural sway and stepping response among working population: reproducibility, long-term stability, and associations with symptoms of the low back. Clin Biomech (Bristol). 1997 Oct;12(7-8):429-437. doi: 10.1016/s0268-0033(97)00033-8.

    PMID: 11415752BACKGROUND
  • Wilson SE, Granata KP. Reposition sense of lumbar curvature with flexed and asymmetric lifting postures. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2003 Mar 1;28(5):513-8. doi: 10.1097/01.BRS.0000048674.75474.C4.

    PMID: 12616167BACKGROUND
  • Yoon JO; BHSc; Kang MH, Kim JS; BHSc; Oh JS. The effects of gait with use of smartphone on repositioning error and curvature of the lumbar spine. J Phys Ther Sci. 2015 Aug;27(8):2507-8. doi: 10.1589/jpts.27.2507. Epub 2015 Aug 21.

    PMID: 26357430BACKGROUND
  • Oxford Dictionary of English

    BACKGROUND

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Low Back Pain

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Back PainPainNeurologic ManifestationsSigns and SymptomsPathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms

Study Officials

  • Aliaa Rehan Youssef, PhD

    Cairo University

    PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
  • Dina Othman Shokri, PhD

    Faculty of Physical Therapy, Badr University

    STUDY DIRECTOR

Study Design

Study Type
observational
Observational Model
CASE ONLY
Time Perspective
CROSS SECTIONAL
Sponsor Type
OTHER
Responsible Party
SPONSOR INVESTIGATOR
PI Title
Associate Professor of Orthopedic Physical Therapy

Study Record Dates

First Submitted

April 25, 2018

First Posted

May 7, 2018

Study Start

May 15, 2018

Primary Completion

November 1, 2018

Study Completion

December 31, 2018

Last Updated

May 21, 2019

Record last verified: 2019-05

Locations