Maternal Smoking Cessation and Pediatric Obesity Prevention

NCT03514602 | Recruiting

• 1 other identifier: MODCR00001304
• Study Type: interventional
• Target: 48
• Locations: 1 country
• Sites: 1

Brief Summary

The objective of this study is to test the effect of smoking cessation in pregnancy or in lactation on preventing rapid infant adiposity gain. Investigators propose a randomized, controlled experiment among smoking pregnant women from 1st prenatal care visit through 6 months of postpartum period. Two-phase randomization will be applied to separate the effects of smoking cessation in two different critical periods (i.e., pregnancy and lactation) on infant adiposity gain. Investigators will first randomly assign 40 smoking pregnant women into either the multicomponent intervention (N=30) or the education-only control group (N=10). The multicomponent intervention group will receive education and counseling, monitoring and feedback, contingent financial incentives, and family support, while the control group will receive education only. At the end of pregnancy, investigators will further randomize successful quitters (estimated N=20) from the multi-component intervention group into either the continuous multi-component intervention group in lactation (N=10) or the education-only control group (N=10). All women and their newborns will be followed from enrollment to 6 months postpartum. The key outcomes include maternal smoking abstinence confirmed by urine-cotinine and infant gain in weight-for-length z-score. Specific Aim 1 is to examine the effects of maternal smoking cessation intervention in pregnancy on infant gain in weight-for-length z-score from birth to 6 months. Specific Aim 2 is to examine the effect of maternal smoking abstinence intervention in lactation and infant post-weaning gain in weight-for-length z-score among the women who have successfully quit smoking in pregnancy.

Conditions

Childhood Obesity; Smoking, Cigarette; Pregnancy

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (1)

• Self-reported Smoking abstinence verified by urine cotinine test

  Self-reported Smoking abstinence verified by urine cotinine test

  At end of pregnancy (35 weeks of pregnancy; an average of 10 weeks after intervention)

Secondary Outcomes (1)

• Infant gain in weight-for-length z-score

  from birth to 12 months

Study Arms (2)

Multicomponent behavioral intervention

EXPERIMENTAL

The multicomponent intervention group will receive education and counseling, monitoring and feedback, contingent financial incentives, and family support.

Behavioral: Multicomponent behavioral intervention

Control

ACTIVE COMPARATOR

The control group will receive smoking cessation education only.

Behavioral: Education only control

Interventions

Multicomponent behavioral intervention BEHAVIORAL

Pregnant patients in the intervention group will receive multicomponent interventions consisting of education, feedback, contingent financial incentives, and peer support. At initial intervention visit, they will choose a quit date within the next 14 days and sign a no-smoking pledge and a no-smoking contract. The contract lists the intervention components, the patient's and the counselor's responsibilities, importance of keeping scheduled visits, and rules on contingent incentives. After the quit date, pregnant women will meet with counselors daily for 5 consecutive days (Monday to Friday) for abstinence monitoring in weeks 1-2. The frequency of abstinence monitoring will decrease to twice a week (Monday and Thursday) in weeks 3-8, weekly in weeks 9-12, and biweekly in weeks 13 until delivery.

Multicomponent behavioral intervention

Education only control BEHAVIORAL

The control group will receive one 60-minute counseling mainly based on a pregnancy-tailored self-help booklet entitled "Need Help Putting Out That Cigarette?" distributed by the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists.

Control

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 18 Years - 39 Years
• Sex: female
• Healthy Volunteers: Yes
• Age Groups: Adult (18-64)

You may qualify if:

• Able to read, understand, and speak English.
• Are 18-39 years old
• Are less than 20 weeks of gestation
• Have a singleton pregnancy
• Currently smoking one or more cigarettes per day, based on self-report.
• Currently smoking biochemically verified by a level of 1 or higher in urine cotinine test (i.e., \>100ng/mL cotinine concentration).
• Willing to try to quit or reduce smoking by behavioral intervention
• Willing to monitor smoking status by breath carbon monoxide and saliva cotinine.
• Willing to provide breath, saliva, and urine samples to test smoking status
• With low household income (meeting federal income eligibility guidelines for the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children) and/or low education level (≤12 years). These disadvantaged pregnant women are very likely not to quit spontaneously, and thus need extra intervention most.
• Currently living in Erie County or Niagara County; don't plan to move out of these two counties during the current pregnancy.

You may not qualify if:

• Previous history of major chronic disease or blood clotting disorders such as cancer, thyroid disorders, heart disease, kidney disease
• Depression or have been diagnosed with depression or post-partum depression at any time
• In treatment for Axis 1 disorders that prevent them following smoking cessation interventions

Sponsors & Collaborators

• State University of New York at Buffalo: lead

Study Sites (1)

Division of Behavioral Medicine Department of Pediatrics Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences State University of New York at Buffalo

Buffalo, New York, 14214, United States

RECRUITING

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Pediatric Obesity; Cigarette Smoking

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Obesity; Overweight; Overnutrition; Nutrition Disorders; Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases; Body Weight; Signs and Symptoms; Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms; Tobacco Smoking; Smoking; Behavior; Tobacco Use

Study Officials

• Xiaozhong Wen, MD, PhD

  State University of New York at Buffalo

  PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

Central Study Contacts

Xiaozhong Wen, MD, PhD

CONTACT

7168296811; xiaozhon@buffalo.edu

Study Design

• Study Type: interventional
• Phase: not applicable
• Allocation: NON RANDOMIZED
• Masking: NONE
• Purpose: PREVENTION
• Intervention Model: PARALLEL
• Sponsor Type: OTHER
• Responsible Party: PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
• PI Title: Assistant Professor

Model Details: Multicomponent behavioral intervention

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: January 22, 2018
• First Posted: May 2, 2018
• Study Start: July 1, 2015
• Primary Completion (Estimated): December 31, 2026
• Study Completion (Estimated): December 31, 2026
• Last Updated: July 30, 2025

Record last verified: 2025-07

Data Sharing

• IPD Sharing: Will not share

Locations

US (1)