Right to Health and Freedom From Violence

NCT03280680 | Completed DMC

• 1 other identifier: PR-10007
• Study Type: interventional
• Target: 11,340
• Locations: 0 countries
• Sites: N/A

Brief Summary

Bangladesh has the earliest patterns of marriage in the current developing world, high adolescent fertility and high rates of spousal violence against women and girls. Women and girls are often denied the right to choice or consent with respect to marriage, sex, contraceptive use and childbearing. However, the denial of these rights and its consequences, have not been adequately recognized and addressed in the context of the existing discourse or interventions in Bangladesh on sexual and reproductive health or violence against women. It is envisaged that the focus on realizing the right to choice and consent will bring about change in attitudes and behaviors that could not be achieved through a single intervention. A multi-sectoral action research-based intervention is proposed, involving access to information about rights, available remedies and related referrals. Information will be coupled with access to legal and health services. This action research project aims to create a body of evidence. This multi-sectoral intervention in urban Bangladesh will highlight the critical element of expressing or refusing consent and choice, through a strong network between legal services, reproductive and sexual health service providers, human rights advocates, and research organizations. This project proposes to implement an integrated intervention with both primary preventions and curative components based on the findings of the formative research. This project will document the program implementation and impact through detailed quantitative and qualitative evidence gathering, and carrying out an advocacy program to disseminate the results and bring about change. It includes:

• designing culturally sensitive intervention activities with a joined up approach.
• a strong community mobilization campaign for creating an enabling environment for women to live violence free lives.
• individual access to reproductive and sexual health services provided through health clinics and legal services, with legal clinics providing information, advice and support access to judicial remedies for redress in cases of serious violence.
• broader advocacy activities involving key stakeholders to reflect upon the findings and understandings geneated by the study and their relevance for the administration of justice delivery mechanisms. Community engagement in the project will occur at multiple levels. At the local level the project will engage through community mobilisation and service delivery with adolescent girls, women and men living in urban slums of Dhaka city. It will also undertake targeted advocacy programmes with the frontlines of the justice delivery system relevant to these areas. Finally, it will engage at a national level with policymakers, researchers and key stakeholders in the justice system and health through its advocacy related interventions, drawing directly upon its findings.

Conditions

Sexual and Reproductive Health and Rights; Violence Against Women and Girls

Keywords

Violence against young women and girls; Sexual and reproductive health and rights; Consent; Health services; Legal services; Awareness raising; Community mobilization

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (4)

• Knowledge of sexual and reproductive health

  Questions were asked about knowledge of adverse effect of teen pregnancy, knowledge about MR, family planning methods and sexually transmitted infections. Positive responses to these were considered a person as knowing about sexual and reproductive health.

  4 months post intervention

• Sexual and reproductive health practice

  To asses this Questions were asked about use of family planning methods, use of condom for preventing sexually transmitted infections, MR.

  4 months post intervention

• Sexual and reproductive health service utilization

  Questions were asked about utilization of antenatal care, postnatal care, facility delivery and service seeking for sexually transmitted infections.

  4 months post intervention

• Violence against women and girls

  Violence against women and girls was measured using the modified version of the Conflict Tactics Scale. The questionnaire explored physical, sexual, and economic violence perpetrated by husband.

  4 months post intervention

Study Arms (3)

Female+male group sessions

EXPERIMENTAL

Other: Female+male group sessions; Other: Female group sessions; Other: No group sessions

Female group sessions

EXPERIMENTAL

Other: Female group sessions; Other: No group sessions

No group sessions

OTHER

Other: No group sessions

Interventions

Female+male group sessions OTHER

Female and male group member received separate group session on sexual and reproductive health and rights, gender, violence against women and girls, consent and choice, conflict resolution etc. Each group received 13 sessions of 2 hours over 20 months. Community mobilization and service provision for sexual and reproductive and violence against women were also provided.

Female+male group sessions

Female group sessions OTHER

Only female group member received separate group session on sexual and reproductive health and rights, gender, violence against women and girls, consent and choice, conflict resolution etc. Each group received 13 sessions of 2 hours over 20 months. Community mobilization and service provision for sexual and reproductive and violence against women were also provided.

Female group sessions; Female+male group sessions

No group sessions OTHER

Community mobilization and service provision for sexual and reproductive and violence against women were also provided.

Female group sessions; Female+male group sessions; No group sessions

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 10 Years - 35 Years
• Sex: all
• Healthy Volunteers: Yes
• Age Groups: Child (0-17), Adult (18-64)

You may qualify if:

• Female aged 10-29 years from the studied slums
• Male aged 18-35 years from the studied slums

You may not qualify if:

• Female aged below 10 and above 29 years
• Male aged below 18 and above 35 years
• Female and males who are living outside the studied slums

Sponsors & Collaborators

• International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh: lead
• Population Council: collaborator
• Bangladesh Legal Aid and Services Trust (BLAST): collaborator
• We Can Campaign: collaborator
• Marie Stopes International: collaborator

Related Publications (22)

• Bates LM, Schuler SR, Islam F, Islam K. Socioeconomic factors and processes associated with domestic violence in rural Bangladesh. Int Fam Plan Perspect. 2004 Dec;30(4):190-9. doi: 10.1363/3019004.

  PMID: 15590385 BACKGROUND

• National Institute of Population Research and Training (NIPORT), MEASURE Evaluation, ICDDR,B, Association for Community and Population Research (ACPR). (2008). 2006 Bangladesh Urban Health Survey. Dhaka. https://www.measureevaluation.org/resources/publications/tr-08-68

  BACKGROUND

• Naved RT, Persson LA. Factors associated with spousal physical violence against women in Bangladesh. Stud Fam Plann. 2005 Dec;36(4):289-300. doi: 10.1111/j.1728-4465.2005.00071.x.

  PMID: 16395946 BACKGROUND

• Naved, R. T. (2008). Violence against women, in 2006 Bangladesh Urban Health Survey. Vol. II, pp. 287-311. https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=1&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0ahUKEwjZ2pnw7trVAhVKv48KHbsgBAoQFgglMAA&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.measureevaluation.org%2Fresources%2Fpublications%2Ftr-08-68%2Fat_download%2Fdocument&usg=AFQjCNGsStPuzepZeC2BirkTln9LrjemJA

  BACKGROUND

• Sethuraman, K., Gujarappa, L., Kapadia-Kundu, N., Naved, R. T., Barua, A., Khoche, P., Parveen, S. (2007). "Delaying the first pregnancy: A survey in Maharashtra, Rajasthan and Bangladesh". Economic and Political Weekly, Nov 3, pp. 79-89. https://www.jstor.org/tc/accept?origin=/stable/pdf/40276749.pdf?refreqid=excelsior%3Aaa1fd2fa65e1471ff64a4e86c84c77b0

  BACKGROUND

• García-Moreno, C., Jansen, H.A.F.M., Ellsberg, M., Heise, L., Watts, C. (2005). WHO Multi-country Study on Women's Health and Domestic Violence against Women: Initial Results on Prevalence, Health Outcomes and Women's Responses. Geneva, World Health Organization. http://www.who.int/gender/violence/who_multicountry_study/Introduction-Chapter1-Chapter2.pdf

  BACKGROUND

• Amin, S., Selim, N., Waiz, N. K. (2006). Causes and consequences of early marriage in Bangladesh: Background report for workshop on programs and policies to prevent early marriage. Dhaka: Population Council.

  BACKGROUND

• Amin, S., and Das, M. (2008). Marriage Continuity and Change in Bangladesh. In Ravinder Kaur, Shalini Grover and Rajni Palriwala (edited) Marriage in South Asia: Shifting Concepts, Changing Practices in a Globalising World, New Delhi: Orient Blackswan. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/283732805_Marriage_Continuity_and_Change_in_Bangladesh

  BACKGROUND

• Siddiqi, D. (2005). Of Consent and Contradiction: Forced Marriage in Bangladesh. In Welchman and Hossain (Eds) "Honour" Crimes, Paradigms and Violence against Women, Zed, London. https://books.google.com.bd/books?id=ujwLunL_rrQC&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false

  BACKGROUND

• Schuler SR, Hashemi SM, Riley AP, Akhter S. Credit programs, patriarchy and men's violence against women in rural Bangladesh. Soc Sci Med. 1996 Dec;43(12):1729-42. doi: 10.1016/s0277-9536(96)00068-8.

  PMID: 8961417 BACKGROUND

• Jewkes R. Intimate partner violence: causes and prevention. Lancet. 2002 Apr 20;359(9315):1423-9. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(02)08357-5.

  PMID: 11978358 BACKGROUND

• Bryant, S.A., Spencer, G.A. (2003). University students' attitudes about attributing blame in domestic violence. Journal of Family Violence, 18(6): 369 - 376. https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1023%2FA%3A1026205817132.pdf

  BACKGROUND

• Gage AJ. Women's experience of intimate partner violence in Haiti. Soc Sci Med. 2005 Jul;61(2):343-64. doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2004.11.078. Epub 2005 Feb 17.

  PMID: 15893051 BACKGROUND

• Rashid, S.F. (2006) Small Powers, Little Choice: Contextualising Reproductive and Sexual Rights in Slums in Bangladesh, IDS Bulletin 37(5). http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1759-5436.2006.tb00305.x/epdf

  BACKGROUND

• Morrison, A., M. Ellsberg, S. Bott. (2007). Addressing gender-based violence: A critical review of evaluations. World Bank Economic Review, 22:25-51. http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/733971468331173114/Addressing-gender-based-violence-a-critical-review-of-interventions

  BACKGROUND

• Bhuiya, I., Rahman, M., Rob, U., Khan, M. E and Zahiduzzaman. (2009). Increasing Dual Protection among Rickshaw Pullers in Bangladesh. Population Council and USAID. http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.175.7587&rep=rep1&type=pdf

  BACKGROUND

• Burket, M. K., Alauddin, M., Malek, A., & Rahman, M. (2006). Raising the age of marriage for young girls in Bangladesh. Pathfinder International, Bangladesh. http://www2.pathfinder.org/site/DocServer/PF_Bangladesh_FINAL.pdf?docID=6601%3Cfont%20size%3D

  BACKGROUND

• Amin, S. (2005). Kishori Abhijan: A Pilot Project to Empower Adolescent Girls. Transitions to Adulthood, 13. New York, NY: Population Council. http://www.popcouncil.org/uploads/pdfs/TABriefs/13_KishoriAbhijan.pdf

  BACKGROUND

• Naved RT, Azim S, Bhuiya A, Persson LA. Physical violence by husbands: magnitude, disclosure and help-seeking behavior of women in Bangladesh. Soc Sci Med. 2006 Jun;62(12):2917-29. doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2005.12.001. Epub 2006 Jan 19.

  PMID: 16426717 BACKGROUND

• International guidelines for ethical review of epidemiological studies. Law Med Health Care. 1991 Fall-Winter;19(3-4):247-58. No abstract available.

  PMID: 1779694 BACKGROUND

• World Health Organization (2001). Putting women first: Ethical and safety recommendations for research on domestic violence against women (WHO/FCH/GWH/01.1). Geneva, Switzerland: https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=1&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0ahUKEwj5-qvv9drVAhUhSo8KHbtrAJQQFgglMAA&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fgender%2Fviolence%2Fwomenfirtseng.pdf&usg=AFQjCNGubsx25jT8EMYw7QM6WLo5w6AnSw

  BACKGROUND

• Parker B, Ulrich Y. A protocol of safety: research on abuse of women. Nursing Research Consortium on Violence and Abuse. Nurs Res. 1990 Jul-Aug;39(4):248-50. No abstract available.

  PMID: 2367208 BACKGROUND

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Coitus

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Sexual Behavior; Behavior

Study Design

• Study Type: interventional
• Phase: not applicable
• Allocation: RANDOMIZED
• Masking: NONE
• Purpose: PREVENTION
• Intervention Model: PARALLEL
• Sponsor Type: OTHER
• Responsible Party: SPONSOR

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: August 22, 2017
• First Posted: September 12, 2017
• Study Start: November 1, 2010
• Primary Completion: May 31, 2014
• Study Completion: December 31, 2014
• Last Updated: September 12, 2017

Record last verified: 2017-07