Test-retest Reliability of Two Measurements of the Visual System

NCT03242421 | Completed

• 1 other identifier: IT08159
• Study Type: observational
• Target: 21
• Locations: 1 country
• Sites: 1

Brief Summary

Binocular vision tests are guided by the principle that uniform motion and focus of the eyes may be trained, but exercising the simultaneous movement of the pupils is necessary and important in achieving optimal and lasting results (Horwood \& Toor, 2014). These tests have been in use for over 70 years and represent the foundation of therapy for visual deficiencies such as the inability of the eyes to move together. Despite their frequent use, no one has ever formally evaluated how good these tests are. One such evaluation method is reliability. A reliable test is one that will give the same result when repeated on multiple occasions (i.e. test-retest reliability) or by different people (inter-rater reliability). An unreliable test gives widely varying results when repeated, which would make changes in a patient's test results difficult to interpret. Therefore, this study aims to determine the test-retest reliability of seven binocular vision tests across two independent measurements. The investigators will measure 20 healthy people ages 18 to 35 years for each of these tests on two separate occasions, one week apart. Since these tests have been in use for many years, we are expecting the two measurements to be within acceptable range of each other. The tests being investigated measure: 3D vision (i.e. gross stereoscopic acuity), uniform movement of the eyes (i.e. "motor punctum proximum"), ability of the eyes to adapt to a target moving towards and/or away from the eyes (i.e. binocular fusion with convergence and divergence), quick movements of the eyes (i.e. saccadic movements), natural alignment of the eyes (i.e. anatomic oculomotor deviation), and double vision as a target is moved towards the eyes (i.e. convergence fusional proximum). The results of each test will be analyzed individually. If the tests are perfectly reliable, we would expect the results of the first test to equal the results of the second test for each participant. To examine the test-retest reliability the difference between the first and second test for each individual and across all individuals' scores summed together will be assessed.

Conditions

Reproducibility of Results

Keywords

test-retest reliability; Binocular vision tests

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (1)

• Change in the results of binocular vision tests (a.k.a. test-retest reliability)

  Test-retest reliability will be assessed using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) which measures the between-group variance divided by the total variance (sum of between- and within-group variance).

  Participants will be evaluated using the binocular vision tests at two time points - one week apart.

Secondary Outcomes (1)

• Effect modifiers of the test-retest reliability of the binocular vision tests

  1 day first visit

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 18 Years - 35 Years
• Sex: all
• Healthy Volunteers: Yes
• Age Groups: Adult (18-64)
• Sampling Method: Non-Probability Sample

Study Population

The target population is healthy adults aged 18 to 35 years. This study is being conducted as part of a larger project examining the correlation of the binocular vision tests with symptoms of concussions; therefore, this population has been selected to match that target population of young adults with concussion symptoms to ensure applicability of findings to the patient population in the larger study. Participants who have conditions or are taking treatments that could affect the results of the binocular vision tests will be excluded.

You may qualify if:

• Must be 18 to 35 years of age
• Provide informed consent to participate in study

You may not qualify if:

• Has strabismus or a history of treated strabismus
• History of migraine or known neurological disorders
• Use myorelaxants or medications for depression, anxiety, or other psychological condition

Sponsors & Collaborators

• McGill University: lead

Study Sites (1)

McGill University

Montreal, Quebec, H3G1Y6, Canada

Location

Related Publications (5)

• Horwood A, Toor S. Clinical test responses to different orthoptic exercise regimes in typical young adults. Ophthalmic Physiol Opt. 2014 Mar;34(2):250-62. doi: 10.1111/opo.12109. Epub 2014 Jan 29.

  PMID: 24471739 BACKGROUND

• Hachana Y, Chaabene H, Nabli MA, Attia A, Moualhi J, Farhat N, Elloumi M. Test-retest reliability, criterion-related validity, and minimal detectable change of the Illinois agility test in male team sport athletes. J Strength Cond Res. 2013 Oct;27(10):2752-9. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0b013e3182890ac3.

  PMID: 23439329 BACKGROUND

• Broglio SP, Ferrara MS, Macciocchi SN, Baumgartner TA, Elliott R. Test-retest reliability of computerized concussion assessment programs. J Athl Train. 2007 Oct-Dec;42(4):509-14.

  PMID: 18174939 BACKGROUND

• Bland JM, Altman DG. Statistical methods for assessing agreement between two methods of clinical measurement. Lancet. 1986 Feb 8;1(8476):307-10.

  PMID: 2868172 BACKGROUND

• Rousson V, Gasser T, Seifert B. Assessing intrarater, interrater and test-retest reliability of continuous measurements. Stat Med. 2002 Nov 30;21(22):3431-46. doi: 10.1002/sim.1253.

  PMID: 12407682 BACKGROUND

Study Officials

• Ian Shrier, MD, PhD

  McGill University

  PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

Study Design

• Study Type: observational
• Observational Model: OTHER
• Time Perspective: PROSPECTIVE
• Sponsor Type: OTHER
• Responsible Party: PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
• PI Title: Senior Investigator, Centre for Clinical Epidemiology, Lady Davis Institute; Associate Professor, Department of Family Medicine, McGill University

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: August 2, 2017
• First Posted: August 8, 2017
• Study Start: August 7, 2017
• Primary Completion: September 20, 2017
• Study Completion: September 20, 2017
• Last Updated: February 20, 2020

Record last verified: 2019-10

Data Sharing

• IPD Sharing: Will not share

Locations

CA (1)