Anemia Pregnancy Outcome on the Thai-Myanmar Border

NCT03174652 | Completed

• 1 other identifier: SMRU1703
• Study Type: observational
• Target: 13,520
• Locations: 1 country
• Sites: 1

Brief Summary

The global burden of maternal morbidity and mortality attributable to anemia is staggering, and this is especially true in low-resource settings. A recent review suggests 42% of pregnant women have anemia worldwide (1993-2005) with the vast majority of anemic women (90%) residing in Africa or Asia1; and in Asia, anemia was the second highest cause of maternal mortality2. Anemia was diagnosed in almost one third to one half of women presenting to the Shoklo Malaria Research Unit (SMRU) clinics on the Thai-Myanmar border for antenatal care (ANC) in a 2008 survey3, and anemia at first antenatal visit was associated with a two-fold increase in maternal mortality in this population4. Studies have also shown an association between anemia and small for gestational age infants, preterm delivery, infant and childhood anemia and developmental delays5. The anemia in pregnant women presenting to SMRU clinics is multifactorial, as hemoglobinopathies, Glucose-6-dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency, iron, folic acid and B12 deficiency, helminth infection, and malaria are all prevalent in this rural population. Though all of these pathologies can cause anemia, they require different and sometimes conflicting treatment and prevention strategies, interacting in a complex web of causes and effects. Iron supplementation is the mainstay of most anemia control programs, but some women with hemoglobinopathies suffer from potentially fatal iron overload6. Iron supplementation has also been associated with increased risk of malaria7. Some helminth infections are associated with increased rates of anemia and malaria, but others may be protective8. Malaria and G6PD deficiency have complex effects on one another, and some malaria treatments can cause acute and life-threatening hemolysis in G6PD deficient individuals9. Given the high prevalence and diverse causes of anemia in this population, and its potentially dire effects on maternal and infant health and survival, SMRU implemented increased clinical testing for pregnant women in 2012 to inform clinical care at the individual level. Further analysis of these data is urgently needed to improve care on a population scale. We propose to review existing data from ANC records to determine the causes and effects of anemia in this population, and use this information to improve treatment and prevention guidelines. Results would be integrated rapidly into local practice with the potential to have profound impacts on maternal and child health in this region.

Conditions

Anemia Pregnancy

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (1)

• Hematology

  The contribution of thalassemia/other inherited red blood cell (IRBC) abnormalities to anemia in pregnant refugee and migrant Myanmar women attending antenatal clinics in a low resource setting.

  1 year

Secondary Outcomes (3)

• Hematology

  1 year

• Serum ferritin

  1 year

• The risk of maternal morbidities

  1 year

Eligibility Criteria

• Sex: female
• Healthy Volunteers: Yes
• Age Groups: Child (0-17), Adult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)
• Sampling Method: Non-Probability Sample

Study Population

Data from approximately 15,548 new pregnant women enrolled to antenatal care from antenatal care (ANC) services of Shoklo Malaria Research Unit (SMRU) clinics during August 2012 to 31-Dec-2016.

You may qualify if:

• Pregnant woman voluntarily presented at SMRU antenatal clinics and at the first antenatal visit they were counselled about the types of tests that would be made available and that if they did not want to do them they could opt out and SMRU would still provide antenatal care, as for any other pregnant woman.

You may not qualify if:

• Women who chose to opt out of clinical sampling were excluded. Additionally, a very small number of women who were unstable at presentation to SMRU clinics were not sampled if sampling would have interfered with their clinical care.
• However, since samples were generally clinically indicated to guide care in these patients, the majority did have testing done.

Sponsors & Collaborators

• University of Oxford: lead

Study Sites (1)

Shoklo Malaria Research Unit

Mae Sot, Changwat Tak, 63110, Thailand

Location

Study Design

• Study Type: observational
• Observational Model: COHORT
• Time Perspective: RETROSPECTIVE
• Sponsor Type: OTHER
• Responsible Party: SPONSOR

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: May 30, 2017
• First Posted: June 2, 2017
• Study Start: July 20, 2017
• Primary Completion: July 20, 2017
• Study Completion: July 20, 2018
• Last Updated: August 31, 2018

Record last verified: 2017-08

Data Sharing

• IPD Sharing: Will share

Locations

TH (1)