Multiple Daily Condensed Tannin Supplementation and Iron Bioavailability: The Tannin Dose Response Trial

NCT03030716 | Completed

• 1 other identifier: PRPTanninTrial
• Study Type: interventional
• Target: 11
• Locations: 1 country
• Sites: 1

Brief Summary

Tannins are known to inhibit iron absorption through formation of insoluble tannin-mineral complexes, and have thus been termed 'antinutritional.' Despite this, there is evidence that adaptation to similar antinutritional factors is possible when consumed over time. Limitations in current studies include short (single meal) duration, and use of incongruent tannin types from the condensed tannins that are commonly consumed. If adaptation to tannins does happen, it may be due to salivary proline-rich proteins, which have been found to be protective of iron status in animal models. The primary objectives of this study are: 1) To determine whether condensed tannins impact iron bioavailability or status when consumed in multi-dose, multiple daily supplements and 2) to test whether salivary protein production may impact iron bioavailability with tannin supplementation. Secondary objectives included assessment of the reliability of astringency as a measure of salivary protein production and iron absorption. The study has been conducted in an iron absorption study of 11 women, aged 18-35 years old, to determine iron bioavailability with supplementation of 0.03, 0.25, and 1.5 g 95% proanthocyanidin rich grape seed extract before and after regular, three times daily supplementation for four weeks. Each participant consumed all three concentrations of supplement over the 26-week study, with a two-week washout between interventions. Direct iron absorption was measured using area under the curve. Iron status was measured by changes in hemoglobin and ferritin, and was adjusted by participant c-reactive protein levels. Salivary samples were collected before and after supplement consumption during meal challenges, and analyzed on HPLC. Astringency testing was conducted at the end of each meal challenge. Iron absorption and status markers were analyzed by ANOVA, and mixed-modeling followed by pairwise comparison by least significant differences. Pearson's correlations were used to correlated salivary proteins and astringency with iron bioavailability. The present study will provide important information regarding the approximate influence of condensed tannin consumption on iron bioavailability and storage over time, at different doses. Data will also help to delineate possible physiological mechanisms underlying tannin adaptation and possible ways to detect individuals who better adapt than others.

Conditions

Iron Deficiency Anemia; Iron-deficiency

Keywords

antinutrients; tannins; proanthocyanidins; salivary proline-rich proteins

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (3)

• Change in baseline to endline area under the curve after meal challenge at weeks 0 and 4 of each intervention

  Change in area under the curve will be measured after administration of test meal including ferrous sulfate and condensed tannin supplementation at weeks 0 and 4

  Baseline and 4 weeks

• Change in baseline to endline hemoglobin and serum ferritin at weeks 0 and 4 of each intervention

  Change in ferritin and hemoglobin will be measured before administration of test meals at weeks 0 and 4

  Baseline and 4 weeks

• Change in salivary proteins at weeks 0 and 4 of each intervention

  HPLC determination of salivary proteins will be analyzed from saliva collected before and after test meals at weeks 0 and 4 of each intervention

  Baseline and 4 weeks

Study Arms (3)

0.03 mg 95% condensed proanthocyanidin

EXPERIMENTAL

0.03 g 95% condensed proanthocyanidins from grape seed extract at week 0 0.03 g 95% condensed proanthocyanidins from grape seed extract at week 4

Dietary Supplement: 95% condensed proanthocyanidins from grape seed extract

0.25 g 95% condensed proanthocyanidin

EXPERIMENTAL

0.25 g 95% condensed proanthocyanidins from grape seed extract at week 0 0.25 g 95% condensed proanthocyanidins from grape seed extract at week 4

Dietary Supplement: 95% condensed proanthocyanidins from grape seed extract

1.5 g 95% condensed proanthocyanidin

EXPERIMENTAL

1.5 g 95% condensed proanthocyanidins from grape seed extract at week 0 1.5 g 95% condensed proanthocyanidins from grape seed extract at week 4

Dietary Supplement: 95% condensed proanthocyanidins from grape seed extract

Interventions

95% condensed proanthocyanidins from grape seed extract DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT

0.03, 0.25, and 1.5 g 95% condensed proanthocyanidins from grape seed extract consumed three times daily for 4 weeks each

0.03 mg 95% condensed proanthocyanidin; 0.25 g 95% condensed proanthocyanidin; 1.5 g 95% condensed proanthocyanidin

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 18 Years - 35 Years
• Sex: female
• Healthy Volunteers: Yes
• Age Groups: Adult (18-64)

You may qualify if:

• Female, 18-35 years old
• Non-obese BMI (18-29.9)
• Signed informed consent

You may not qualify if:

• Oral disease
• Gastrointestinal disease
• Tobacco user
• Heavy alcohol user
• Pregnancy (assessed by pregnancy test)
• Lactation
• Medications affecting iron bioavailability
• Vitamin or mineral supplementation (other than vitamin B12)

Sponsors & Collaborators

• Kansas State University: lead
• United States Department of Agriculture Foreign Agricultural Service: collaborator

Study Sites (1)

Physical Activity and Nutrition Research Consortium

Manhattan, Kansas, 66502, United States

Location

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Anemia, Iron-Deficiency

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Anemia, Hypochromic; Anemia; Hematologic Diseases; Hemic and Lymphatic Diseases; Iron Deficiencies; Iron Metabolism Disorders; Metabolic Diseases; Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases

Study Officials

• Brian L Lindshield, Ph.D.

  Kansas State University

  PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

Study Design

• Study Type: interventional
• Phase: not applicable
• Allocation: RANDOMIZED
• Masking: QUADRUPLE
• Who Masked: PARTICIPANT, CARE PROVIDER, INVESTIGATOR, OUTCOMES ASSESSOR
• Purpose: PREVENTION
• Intervention Model: CROSSOVER
• Sponsor Type: OTHER
• Responsible Party: PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
• PI Title: Ph.D., Associate Professor

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: January 23, 2017
• First Posted: January 25, 2017
• Study Start: June 25, 2016
• Primary Completion: December 10, 2016
• Study Completion: December 10, 2016
• Last Updated: January 25, 2017

Record last verified: 2017-01

Data Sharing

• IPD Sharing: Will not share

Locations

US (1)