NCT03010020

Brief Summary

The investigators propose to develop and pilot an HIV prevention intervention based on rectal STI testing, counseling, and treatment for MSM in Peru. The investigators will use nucleic acid testing to screen 750 behaviorally high-risk MSM for rectal gonorrheal and/or chlamydial (GC/CT) infection. GC/CT-positive subjects will receive single-dose antibiotic treatment and single-session Personal Cognitive Counseling (PCC) (n=50) or standard post-test counseling (n=50). A GC/CT-negative control group (n=50) will also be enrolled to compare biological outcomes including changes in levels of inflammatory cytokines following rectal STI. The intervention is based on three interrelated objectives: 1) To use periodic rectal STI nucleic acid testing to identify the members of the MSM population at greatest short-term risk for HIV infection; 2) To provide single-dose antibiotic treatment to control the immune activation and mucosal inflammation caused by rectal GC/CT infection that increase cellular risk for HIV transmission; and 3) To use Personal Cognitive Counseling (PCC) to understand and modify recent high-risk sexual practices that led to rectal STI acquisition and that increase future HIV risk. The investigators propose to screen 750 behaviorally high-risk MSM for rectal GC/CT infection to enroll 100 GC/CT-positive individuals (using a conservative 15% prevalence estimate) and 50 GC/CT-negative controls (matched by age and baseline frequency of URAI). GC/CT-infected participants will be given single-dose antibiotic therapy and randomized to receive single-session PCC (n=50) or standard post-test counseling (n=50). The primary outcome will be the impact of PCC on self-reported sexual risk behavior (URAI). Secondary outcomes will assess: 1) Feasibility/Acceptability of the STI screening program; 2) Impact of GC/CT infection and treatment on levels of inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-8, TNF-αand IL-1β) in rectal mucosa; 3) Prevalence of persistent/recurrent rectal GC/CT; and 4) HIV incidence in GC/CT-infected and -uninfected MSM.

Trial Health

87
On Track

Trial Health Score

Automated assessment based on enrollment pace, timeline, and geographic reach

Enrollment
150

participants targeted

Target at P75+ for not_applicable

Timeline
Completed

Started Jul 2017

Geographic Reach
1 country

1 active site

Status
completed

Health score is calculated from publicly available data and should be used for screening purposes only.

Trial Relationships

Click on a node to explore related trials.

Study Timeline

Key milestones and dates

First Submitted

Initial submission to the registry

January 1, 2017

Completed
3 days until next milestone

First Posted

Study publicly available on registry

January 4, 2017

Completed
6 months until next milestone

Study Start

First participant enrolled

July 15, 2017

Completed
11 months until next milestone

Primary Completion

Last participant's last visit for primary outcome

May 31, 2018

Completed
Same day until next milestone

Study Completion

Last participant's last visit for all outcomes

May 31, 2018

Completed
Last Updated

August 7, 2018

Status Verified

August 1, 2018

Enrollment Period

11 months

First QC Date

January 1, 2017

Last Update Submit

August 5, 2018

Conditions

Keywords

HIV PreventionMSMRectal GonorrheaRectal ChlamydiaPersonalized Cognitive Counseling

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (1)

  • Unprotected Receptive Anal Intercourse (URAI) with Serodiscordant or Unknown Serostatus Partner

    prevalence of self-reported URAI with an HIV-infected or unknown serostatus partner at 6-month Follow-up

    6 Months

Secondary Outcomes (2)

  • Persistent or Recurrent Rectal GC/CT Infection

    6 Months

  • Inflammatory Cytokine Levels in Rectal Mucosa

    6 Months

Study Arms (3)

STI-Positive: PCC

EXPERIMENTAL

MSM diagnosed with rectal GC and/or CT infection counseled for HIV prevention using Personalized Cognitive Counseling (PCC) and treated with appropriate antibiotic therapy

Behavioral: PCC

STI-Positive: Traditional Counseling

PLACEBO COMPARATOR

MSM diagnosed with rectal GC and/or CT infection counseled for HIV prevention using traditional risk reduction counseling and treated with appropriate antibiotic therapy

Behavioral: Traditional Counseling

STI-Negative

NO INTERVENTION

MSM without rectal GC and/or CT infection

Interventions

PCCBEHAVIORAL

Personalized Cognitive Counseling (PCC) sessions will be delivered as described above.

STI-Positive: PCC

GC/CT-infected participants in the standard of care arm (and all GC/CT-negative participants screened for infection) will receive standard post-test counseling in accordance with Peruvian Ministry of Health guidelines.

STI-Positive: Traditional Counseling

Eligibility Criteria

Age18 Years+
Sexmale
Healthy VolunteersYes
Age GroupsAdult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)

You may qualify if:

  • years of age or older
  • Assigned male sex at birth
  • HIV-uninfected
  • Reports receptive anal intercourse with an HIV-infected or unknown serostatus partner within the previous 6 months
  • Diagnosed with rectal gonorrhea and/or chlamydia infection (not applicable to GC/CT-uninfected controls)

You may not qualify if:

  • Unable to complete informed consent procedures
  • HIV-infected (according to laboratory testing)

Contact the study team to confirm eligibility.

Sponsors & Collaborators

Study Sites (1)

Asociacion Civil Via Libre

Lima, 01, Peru

Location

Related Publications (4)

  • Clark JL, Oldenburg CE, Passaro RC, Segura ER, Godwin W, Fulcher JA, Cabello R. Changes in Inflammatory Cytokine Levels in Rectal Mucosa Associated With Neisseria gonorrheae and/or Chlamydia trachomatis Infection and Treatment Among Men Who Have Sex With Men in Lima, Peru. J Infect Dis. 2024 Mar 14;229(3):845-854. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiad349.

  • Ayer A, Segura ER, Perez-Brumer A, Chavez-Gomez S, Fernandez R, Gutierrez J, Suarez K, Lake JE, Clark JL, Cabello R. Sexual health norms and communication patterns within the close social networks of men who have sex with men and transgender women in Lima, Peru: a 2017 cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health. 2021 Jun 7;21(1):1090. doi: 10.1186/s12889-021-11091-2.

  • Blair CS, Lake JE, Passaro RC, Chavez-Gomez S, Segura ER, Elliott J, Fulcher JA, Shoptaw S, Cabello R, Clark JL. Brief Report: HIV-1 Seroconversion Is Not Associated With Prolonged Rectal Mucosal Inflammation. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2021 Apr 15;86(5):e134-e138. doi: 10.1097/QAI.0000000000002601.

  • Passaro RC, Castaneda-Huaripata A, Gonzales-Saavedra W, Chavez-Gomez S, Segura ER, Lake JE, Cabello R, Clark JL. Contextualizing condoms: a cross-sectional study mapping intersections of locations of sexual contact, partner type, and substance use as contexts for sexual risk behavior among MSM in Peru. BMC Infect Dis. 2019 Nov 11;19(1):958. doi: 10.1186/s12879-019-4517-y.

MeSH Terms

Conditions

HIV Infections

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Blood-Borne InfectionsCommunicable DiseasesInfectionsSexually Transmitted Diseases, ViralSexually Transmitted DiseasesLentivirus InfectionsRetroviridae InfectionsRNA Virus InfectionsVirus DiseasesGenital DiseasesUrogenital DiseasesImmunologic Deficiency SyndromesImmune System Diseases

Study Officials

  • Jesse L Clark, MD, MSc

    University of California, Los Angeles

    PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

Study Design

Study Type
interventional
Phase
not applicable
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Masking
SINGLE
Who Masked
PARTICIPANT
Purpose
PREVENTION
Intervention Model
PARALLEL
Sponsor Type
OTHER
Responsible Party
PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
PI Title
Associate Professor-in-Residence

Study Record Dates

First Submitted

January 1, 2017

First Posted

January 4, 2017

Study Start

July 15, 2017

Primary Completion

May 31, 2018

Study Completion

May 31, 2018

Last Updated

August 7, 2018

Record last verified: 2018-08

Data Sharing

IPD Sharing
Will not share

Due to restrictions on access to human subjects data, data will be made available to other researchers upon request and approval by the governing IRB/Ethics Committee.

Locations