NCT02905656

Brief Summary

To our knowledge, no study has evaluated the independent effects of motivational interviewing and rate reduction, individually versus in combination, for motivating smokers who are not ready to quit (SNRTQ) to increase both quit attempts and tobacco abstinence. Given the disseminability and the fact that findings can be readily translated into the network of tobacco quitlines, we propose: (1) To test a tobacco quitline for SNRTQ, following methods that we have previously implemented and evaluated (HL-123978, CA-127964); (2) To randomize 828 SNRTQs to: (a) Brief Advice + typical smoking cessation resources (control group); (b) motivational interviewing format recommended by the Clinical Practice Guidelines; (c) behavioral and pharmacologic rate reduction, and (d) both motivational interviewing and behavioral and pharmacologic rate reduction. This design allows us to evaluate the independent and additive effects of motivational interviewing and rate reduction on quit attempts and smoking cessation. We plan to evaluate the efficacy of the intervention utilizing point prevalence at the 12-month follow-up. The Society for Research in Nicotine and Tobacco consensus paper concluded that point prevalence (7 days without a cigarette, "not even a puff") is an appropriate measure in measuring long term outcome in cessation induction trials. Prolonged abstinence at the 12-month follow-up and quit attempts at the 2-, 4- and 6-month and the 12-month follow-up are secondary endpoints. Self-efficacy, level of smoking reduction, tobacco dependence, intentions, motivation, and confidence to quit, and intervention adherence (# sessions attended, amount of nicotine replacement therapy used) will be tested as important treatment mediators.

Trial Health

87
On Track

Trial Health Score

Automated assessment based on enrollment pace, timeline, and geographic reach

Enrollment
903

participants targeted

Target at P75+ for not_applicable

Timeline
Completed

Started Sep 2016

Longer than P75 for not_applicable

Geographic Reach
1 country

1 active site

Status
completed

Health score is calculated from publicly available data and should be used for screening purposes only.

Trial Relationships

Click on a node to explore related trials.

Study Timeline

Key milestones and dates

Study Start

First participant enrolled

September 1, 2016

Completed
13 days until next milestone

First Submitted

Initial submission to the registry

September 14, 2016

Completed
5 days until next milestone

First Posted

Study publicly available on registry

September 19, 2016

Completed
3.7 years until next milestone

Primary Completion

Last participant's last visit for primary outcome

June 16, 2020

Completed
Same day until next milestone

Study Completion

Last participant's last visit for all outcomes

June 16, 2020

Completed
Last Updated

March 1, 2024

Status Verified

February 1, 2024

Enrollment Period

3.8 years

First QC Date

September 14, 2016

Last Update Submit

February 28, 2024

Conditions

Keywords

quitlinenicotine replacement therapytobacco interventionsmokers not ready to quit

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (1)

  • Point Prevalence Tobacco Abstinence

    Point prevalence (7 days without a cigarette, "not even a puff") is an appropriate measure in measuring long term outcome in cessation induction trials.

    12 months from randomization

Secondary Outcomes (1)

  • Prolonged Tobacco Abstinence

    12 months from randomization

Study Arms (4)

Brief Advice

PLACEBO COMPARATOR

Participants will receive brief advice to quit smoking, and be provided psycho-education citing health consequences and the positive impact on mortality and morbidity.

Behavioral: Brief Advice

Motivational Interviewing (MI)

EXPERIMENTAL

Motivational interviewing (MI) is a collaborative conversation style for strengthening a person's own motivation and commitment to change. MI attempts to avoid a confrontational style and, instead, guides participants toward choosing to make a change in their behavior.

Behavioral: Motivational Interviewing

Rate Reduction (RR)

EXPERIMENTAL

Participants will be informed of the strong medical evidence of systematic reductions in smoking behavior can lead to long-term smoking cessation. This condition will receive Nicotine Replacement Therapy in the form of gum.

Behavioral: Rate ReductionDrug: Pharmacological

MI + RR

EXPERIMENTAL

In this intervention, participants receive both the skills based rate reduction intervention and the more motivationally based MI intervention. This condition will receive Nicotine Replacement Therapy in the form of gum.

Drug: PharmacologicalBehavioral: MI+RR

Interventions

Brief AdviceBEHAVIORAL

Psychoeducation

Brief Advice

Guides participants toward choosing to make a change in their behavior with a collaborative conversation.

Motivational Interviewing (MI)
Rate ReductionBEHAVIORAL

Reducing the number of cigarettes consumed.

Rate Reduction (RR)

Nicotine Replacement Therapy in the form of gum.

MI + RRRate Reduction (RR)
MI+RRBEHAVIORAL

Combination of reducing the number of cigarettes consumed while guiding the participant to make a change in their behavior.

MI + RR

Eligibility Criteria

Age18 Years+
Sexall
Healthy VolunteersYes
Age GroupsAdult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)

You may qualify if:

  • Able to understand English
  • For the past 12 months, has smoked 5 or more cigarettes a day
  • years or older
  • Planning on Quitting smoking someday
  • Access to a telephone
  • Willing and able to use NRT in the form of gum
  • Not currently using chantix or wellbutrin

You may not qualify if:

  • Planning to quit smoking cigarettes in the next 30 days
  • Currently pregnant, breastfeeding, or planning to become pregnant in the next 12 months
  • Currently using chantix or wellbutrin
  • Diagnosed with an unstable heart condition

Contact the study team to confirm eligibility.

Sponsors & Collaborators

Study Sites (1)

University of Tennessee Health Science Center

Memphis, Tennessee, 38163, United States

Location

Related Publications (1)

  • Derefinko KJ, Bursac Z, Hand SB, Ebbert JO, Womack C, Klesges RC. Planning a Change Easily (PACE) for smokers who are not ready to quit: a telephone-based, randomized controlled trial. Addiction. 2022 Jun;117(6):1748-1757. doi: 10.1111/add.15796. Epub 2022 Feb 1.

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Smoking Cessation

Interventions

Crisis InterventionMotivational Interviewing

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Health BehaviorBehavior

Intervention Hierarchy (Ancestors)

PsychotherapyBehavioral Disciplines and ActivitiesDirective CounselingCounselingMental Health ServicesHealth ServicesHealth Care Facilities Workforce and Services

Study Officials

  • Robert Klesges, PhD

    University of Virginia

    PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

Study Design

Study Type
interventional
Phase
not applicable
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Masking
NONE
Purpose
TREATMENT
Intervention Model
FACTORIAL
Sponsor Type
OTHER
Responsible Party
PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
PI Title
Professor, Public Health Sciences

Study Record Dates

First Submitted

September 14, 2016

First Posted

September 19, 2016

Study Start

September 1, 2016

Primary Completion

June 16, 2020

Study Completion

June 16, 2020

Last Updated

March 1, 2024

Record last verified: 2024-02

Data Sharing

IPD Sharing
Will not share

Locations