Prevention of Ulnar Collateral Ligament (UCL) Injuries in Minor League Pitchers
The Effect of Dynamic Stabilizers for Valgus Stability of the Elbow in Professional Baseball Players
1 other identifier
interventional
175
1 country
1
Brief Summary
This is a study of the muscle stabilizers of the elbow with respect to the prevention of Ulnar Collateral Ligament (UCL) injuries in pitchers. Pitchers are assessed at spring training and end of season for approximately 5 years. Pronator, flexor digitoum superficialis (FDS), and wrist flexion strength will be measured and correlated with upper extremity injuries and time missed from pitching. The investigators will also be measuring loss of strength over the season. The goal is to learn whether strength in these muscles prevents UCL injuries and finally whether these muscles can be strengthened to avoid such injuries.
Trial Health
Trial Health Score
Automated assessment based on enrollment pace, timeline, and geographic reach
participants targeted
Target at P75+ for not_applicable
Started Feb 2014
Longer than P75 for not_applicable
1 active site
Health score is calculated from publicly available data and should be used for screening purposes only.
Trial Relationships
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Study Timeline
Key milestones and dates
Study Start
First participant enrolled
February 1, 2014
CompletedFirst Submitted
Initial submission to the registry
April 11, 2016
CompletedFirst Posted
Study publicly available on registry
April 25, 2016
CompletedPrimary Completion
Last participant's last visit for primary outcome
September 1, 2021
CompletedStudy Completion
Last participant's last visit for all outcomes
September 1, 2021
CompletedSeptember 27, 2024
September 1, 2024
7.6 years
April 11, 2016
September 25, 2024
Conditions
Keywords
Outcome Measures
Primary Outcomes (1)
The Correlation of Strength to UCL Injuries in Minor League Pitchers
After measuring strength of elbow stabilizers for up to five years, we will determine whether strength correlates with UCL injuries.
5 years
Secondary Outcomes (1)
The Diminution of Strength in Minor League Pitchers
5 years
Study Arms (1)
Minor league pitchers
OTHERMinor league pitchers from a single professional baseball organization. Strength tests of the elbows will be administered at spring training and end of season for 5 years. If strength correlates to injury, strengthening and exercise programs may be established to target the stabilizers of the elbows.
Interventions
Strengthening programs may be established to target the stabilizers of the elbows
Exercise program may be established to target the stabilizers of the elbows.
Eligibility Criteria
You may qualify if:
- Pitchers that are currently on a minor league baseball team.
You may not qualify if:
- Pitchers that currently have upper extremity injuries or are in active rehab for upper extremity injury.
Contact the study team to confirm eligibility.
Sponsors & Collaborators
Study Sites (1)
University of Kansas Medical Center
Kansas City, Kansas, 66160, United States
Related Publications (23)
Anz AW, Bushnell BD, Griffin LP, Noonan TJ, Torry MR, Hawkins RJ. Correlation of torque and elbow injury in professional baseball pitchers. Am J Sports Med. 2010 Jul;38(7):1368-74. doi: 10.1177/0363546510363402. Epub 2010 Apr 16.
PMID: 20400752BACKGROUNDAzar FM, Andrews JR, Wilk KE, Groh D. Operative treatment of ulnar collateral ligament injuries of the elbow in athletes. Am J Sports Med. 2000 Jan-Feb;28(1):16-23. doi: 10.1177/03635465000280011401.
PMID: 10653538BACKGROUNDBruce JR, Andrews JR. Ulnar collateral ligament injuries in the throwing athlete. J Am Acad Orthop Surg. 2014 May;22(5):315-25. doi: 10.5435/JAAOS-22-05-315.
PMID: 24788447BACKGROUNDBruce JR, Hess R, Joyner P, Andrews JR. How much valgus instability can be expected with ulnar collateral ligament (UCL) injuries? A review of 273 baseball players with UCL injuries. J Shoulder Elbow Surg. 2014 Oct;23(10):1521-6. doi: 10.1016/j.jse.2014.05.015.
PMID: 25220199BACKGROUNDConte SA, Fleisig GS, Dines JS, Wilk KE, Aune KT, Patterson-Flynn N, ElAttrache N. Prevalence of Ulnar Collateral Ligament Surgery in Professional Baseball Players. Am J Sports Med. 2015 Jul;43(7):1764-9. doi: 10.1177/0363546515580792. Epub 2015 Apr 29.
PMID: 25925603BACKGROUNDCostantino C, Vaienti E, Pogliacomi F. Evaluation of the peak torque, total work, average power of flexor-estensor and prono-supinator muscles of the elbow in baseball players. Acta Biomed. 2003 Aug;74(2):88-92.
PMID: 14509917BACKGROUNDDavidson PA, Pink M, Perry J, Jobe FW. Functional anatomy of the flexor pronator muscle group in relation to the medial collateral ligament of the elbow. Am J Sports Med. 1995 Mar-Apr;23(2):245-50. doi: 10.1177/036354659502300220.
PMID: 7778713BACKGROUNDDugas JR, Ostrander RV, Cain EL, Kingsley D, Andrews JR. Anatomy of the anterior bundle of the ulnar collateral ligament. J Shoulder Elbow Surg. 2007 Sep-Oct;16(5):657-60. doi: 10.1016/j.jse.2006.11.009. Epub 2007 Jun 20.
PMID: 17583541BACKGROUNDErickson BJ, Chalmers PN, Bush-Joseph CA, Verma NN, Romeo AA. Ulnar Collateral Ligament Reconstruction of the Elbow: A Systematic Review of the Literature. Orthop J Sports Med. 2015 Dec 9;3(12):2325967115618914. doi: 10.1177/2325967115618914. eCollection 2015 Dec.
PMID: 26740956BACKGROUNDErickson BJ, Gupta AK, Harris JD, Bush-Joseph C, Bach BR, Abrams GD, San Juan AM, Cole BJ, Romeo AA. Rate of return to pitching and performance after Tommy John surgery in Major League Baseball pitchers. Am J Sports Med. 2014 Mar;42(3):536-43. doi: 10.1177/0363546513510890. Epub 2013 Dec 18.
PMID: 24352622BACKGROUNDErickson BJ, Nwachukwu BU, Rosas S, Schairer WW, McCormick FM, Bach BR Jr, Bush-Joseph CA, Romeo AA. Trends in Medial Ulnar Collateral Ligament Reconstruction in the United States: A Retrospective Review of a Large Private-Payer Database From 2007 to 2011. Am J Sports Med. 2015 Jul;43(7):1770-4. doi: 10.1177/0363546515580304.
PMID: 26129959BACKGROUNDFleisig GS, Andrews JR, Dillman CJ, Escamilla RF. Kinetics of baseball pitching with implications about injury mechanisms. Am J Sports Med. 1995 Mar-Apr;23(2):233-9. doi: 10.1177/036354659502300218.
PMID: 7778711BACKGROUNDHamilton CD, Glousman RE, Jobe FW, Brault J, Pink M, Perry J. Dynamic stability of the elbow: electromyographic analysis of the flexor pronator group and the extensor group in pitchers with valgus instability. J Shoulder Elbow Surg. 1996 Sep-Oct;5(5):347-54. doi: 10.1016/s1058-2746(96)80065-6.
PMID: 8933456BACKGROUNDHaugstvedt JR, Berger RA, Berglund LJ. A mechanical study of the moment-forces of the supinators and pronators of the forearm. Acta Orthop Scand. 2001 Dec;72(6):629-34. doi: 10.1080/000164701317269076.
PMID: 11817880BACKGROUNDJones KJ, Dines JS, Rebolledo BJ, Weeks KD, Williams RJ, Dines DM, Altchek DW. Operative management of ulnar collateral ligament insufficiency in adolescent athletes. Am J Sports Med. 2014 Jan;42(1):117-21. doi: 10.1177/0363546513507695. Epub 2013 Oct 21.
PMID: 24145949BACKGROUNDKeller RA, Steffes MJ, Zhuo D, Bey MJ, Moutzouros V. The effects of medial ulnar collateral ligament reconstruction on Major League pitching performance. J Shoulder Elbow Surg. 2014 Nov;23(11):1591-8. doi: 10.1016/j.jse.2014.06.033. Epub 2014 Aug 31.
PMID: 25183663BACKGROUNDLaudner KG, Wilson JT, Meister K. Elbow isokinetic strength characteristics among collegiate baseball players. Phys Ther Sport. 2012 May;13(2):97-100. doi: 10.1016/j.ptsp.2011.06.007. Epub 2011 Aug 24.
PMID: 22498150BACKGROUNDLin F, Kohli N, Perlmutter S, Lim D, Nuber GW, Makhsous M. Muscle contribution to elbow joint valgus stability. J Shoulder Elbow Surg. 2007 Nov-Dec;16(6):795-802. doi: 10.1016/j.jse.2007.03.024. Epub 2007 Nov 1.
PMID: 17936028BACKGROUNDPark MC, Ahmad CS. Dynamic contributions of the flexor-pronator mass to elbow valgus stability. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2004 Oct;86(10):2268-74. doi: 10.2106/00004623-200410000-00020.
PMID: 15466738BACKGROUNDMorrey BF, Tanaka S, An KN. Valgus stability of the elbow. A definition of primary and secondary constraints. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1991 Apr;(265):187-95.
PMID: 2009657BACKGROUNDOtoshi K, Kikuchi S, Shishido H, Konno S. The proximal origins of the flexor-pronator muscles and their role in the dynamic stabilization of the elbow joint: an anatomical study. Surg Radiol Anat. 2014 Apr;36(3):289-94. doi: 10.1007/s00276-013-1168-3. Epub 2013 Jul 25.
PMID: 23884470BACKGROUNDUdall JH, Fitzpatrick MJ, McGarry MH, Leba TB, Lee TQ. Effects of flexor-pronator muscle loading on valgus stability of the elbow with an intact, stretched, and resected medial ulnar collateral ligament. J Shoulder Elbow Surg. 2009 Sep-Oct;18(5):773-8. doi: 10.1016/j.jse.2009.03.008. Epub 2009 May 31.
PMID: 19487136BACKGROUNDWerner SL, Fleisig GS, Dillman CJ, Andrews JR. Biomechanics of the elbow during baseball pitching. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 1993 Jun;17(6):274-8. doi: 10.2519/jospt.1993.17.6.274.
PMID: 8343786BACKGROUND
MeSH Terms
Conditions
Interventions
Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)
Intervention Hierarchy (Ancestors)
Study Officials
- PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
E B Toby, MD
University of Kansas Medical Center
Study Design
- Study Type
- interventional
- Phase
- not applicable
- Allocation
- NA
- Masking
- NONE
- Purpose
- SCREENING
- Intervention Model
- SINGLE GROUP
- Sponsor Type
- OTHER
- Responsible Party
- PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
- PI Title
- Professor and Chair, Dept of Orthopedic Surgery and Sports Medicine
Study Record Dates
First Submitted
April 11, 2016
First Posted
April 25, 2016
Study Start
February 1, 2014
Primary Completion
September 1, 2021
Study Completion
September 1, 2021
Last Updated
September 27, 2024
Record last verified: 2024-09
Data Sharing
- IPD Sharing
- Will not share