NCT02657382

Brief Summary

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the blood flow to the heart during stress and assess changes in blood flow after psychological treatment in participants with coronary artery disease. The aims of the study are to assess the effects of heart rate variability (HRV) biofeedback (versus usual care) on global and regional myocardial blood flow (MBF), peripheral vascular function, and autonomic changes during mental stress.

Trial Health

87
On Track

Trial Health Score

Automated assessment based on enrollment pace, timeline, and geographic reach

Enrollment
25

participants targeted

Target at below P25 for not_applicable

Timeline
Completed

Started Sep 2015

Longer than P75 for not_applicable

Geographic Reach
1 country

4 active sites

Status
completed

Health score is calculated from publicly available data and should be used for screening purposes only.

Trial Relationships

Click on a node to explore related trials.

Study Timeline

Key milestones and dates

Study Start

First participant enrolled

September 1, 2015

Completed
4 months until next milestone

First Submitted

Initial submission to the registry

January 13, 2016

Completed
2 days until next milestone

First Posted

Study publicly available on registry

January 15, 2016

Completed
4.4 years until next milestone

Primary Completion

Last participant's last visit for primary outcome

June 24, 2020

Completed
Same day until next milestone

Study Completion

Last participant's last visit for all outcomes

June 24, 2020

Completed
Last Updated

September 14, 2020

Status Verified

September 1, 2020

Enrollment Period

4.8 years

First QC Date

January 13, 2016

Last Update Submit

September 10, 2020

Conditions

Keywords

BiofeedbackMyocardial Imaging

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (2)

  • Change in Global Myocardial Perfusion During Mental Stress

    Global myocardial perfusion during mental stress will be tested via positron emission topography (PET) scan while completing the mental stress protocol.

    Baseline, Week 6

  • Change in Regional Myocardial Perfusion During Mental Stress

    Regional myocardial perfusion during mental stress will be tested via positron emission topography (PET) scan while completing the mental stress protocol.

    Baseline, Week 6

Secondary Outcomes (7)

  • Change in Arterial Compliance assessed by Augmentation Index and Pulse Wave Velocity

    Baseline, Week 12

  • Change in Number of Ischemic Regions

    Baseline, Week 6

  • Change in Peripheral Arterial Tonometry (PAT) Ratio

    Baseline, Week 12

  • Change in Resting Norepinephrine Levels

    Baseline, Post Intervention (Up to 12 weeks)

  • Change in Resting Epinephrine Levels

    Baseline, Post Intervention (Up to 12 weeks)

  • +2 more secondary outcomes

Study Arms (2)

Heart Rate Variability (HRV) Biofeedback (BF)

EXPERIMENTAL

Participants with coronary artery disease randomized to this group will complete myocardial blood flow (MBF) imaging and mental stress tests. Participants in this group will also participate in heart rate variability (HRV) biofeedback (BF) during the first six weeks of the study.

Behavioral: Heart Rate Variability (HRV) Biofeedback (BF)Other: Mental Stress Protocol

Waitlist Control

EXPERIMENTAL

Participants with coronary artery disease randomized to this group will complete myocardial blood flow (MBF) imaging and mental stress tests.Participants in this group will receive the heart rate variability (HRV) biofeedback (BF) intervention between the week 6 and week 12 study visits.

Behavioral: Heart Rate Variability (HRV) Biofeedback (BF)Other: Mental Stress Protocol

Interventions

Heart Rate Variability (HRV) biofeedback involves deep breathing, mindfulness (focusing on one's emotions and thoughts) and cognitive therapy (identifying and changing unhelpful or inaccurate thinking and distressing emotional responses). It is a 6-week training with one hour sessions with a certified biofeedback coach once per week. A handheld personal stress reliever device will be provided to the patients to practice at home for 20 minutes a day.

Heart Rate Variability (HRV) Biofeedback (BF)Waitlist Control

Mental stress will consist of a 3-min math serial subtraction paradigm.The participants will be asked to serially subtract 7 from number specified by the researcher. For participants who have difficulty with this task, easier serial subtraction will be provided for. Throughout the task, to increase stressfulness and titrate difficulty, the participant will be prompted for faster performance and the starting number from which they were subtracting will be periodically changed. Finally, to add an evaluation component, participants will be given negative feedback during the test.

Heart Rate Variability (HRV) Biofeedback (BF)Waitlist Control

Eligibility Criteria

Age18 Years+
Sexall
Healthy VolunteersNo
Age GroupsAdult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)

You may qualify if:

  • Prior participation in the Mental Stress Ischemia: Mechanisms and Prognosis (MIPS) study
  • Eligibility for the MIPS study included:
  • Angiographically proven disease including at least 1 major vessel with evidence of disease but with no specific minimum lumen diameter criteria
  • Prior myocardial ischemia (MI) (\>1 months) documented by typical elevation of enzymes and typical pain or ECG changes
  • Abnormal coronary intravascular ultrasound exam (IVUS) demonstrating atherosclerosis of at least 1 vessel
  • Post bypass surgery or post PCI (percutaneous intervention)\* (\> 1 year after complete revascularization)
  • Positive nuclear scan or stress exercise test

You may not qualify if:

  • Unstable angina, myocardial infarction, decompensated congestive heart failure in past week
  • Severe concomitant medical problems expected to shorten life expectancy to less than 5 years
  • Pregnancy. Women of childbearing age who are not postmenopausal will be screened by pregnancy test
  • Systolic blood pressure \>190 mm Hg or diastolic blood pressure \>115 mm Hg on the day of the test
  • History of current alcohol or substance abuse or dependence (past year); or history of severe psychiatric disorder other than major depression, such as schizophrenia or psychotic depression
  • Weight more than 450 lbs or a body habitus that is unfit for the nuclear camera dimensions
  • Inflammatory diseases - Rheumatoid Arthritis, Lupus, Hepatitis, HIV, Crohn's, etc.
  • Dialysis
  • Any malignancy (No active/any metastasis from oncology notes)
  • Dementia/Alzheimer's
  • Drug incompliance
  • No supporting documents for CAD history
  • Permanent atrial fibrillation
  • Clean vessels after revascularization
  • Any transplants
  • +2 more criteria

Contact the study team to confirm eligibility.

Sponsors & Collaborators

Study Sites (4)

Emory University Hospital

Atlanta, Georgia, 30322, United States

Location

Emory University

Atlanta, Georgia, 30322, United States

Location

Rollins School of Public Health

Atlanta, Georgia, 30322, United States

Location

The Emory Clinic

Atlanta, Georgia, 30322, United States

Location

Related Publications (2)

  • Shah AJ, Raggi P, She H, Quyyumi AA, Levantsevych O, Johnson M, Schmidt K, Garcia E, Piccinelli M, Abdulbaki R, Abdelhadi N, Kaseer B, Ginsberg JP, Vaccarino V, Bremner JD. Heart Rate Variability Biofeedback and Mental Stress Myocardial Flow Reserve: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Netw Open. 2025 Oct 1;8(10):e2538416. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.38416.

  • Gurel NZ, Carek AM, Inan OT, Levantsevych O, Abdelhadi N, Hammadah M, O'Neal WT, Kelli H, Wilmot K, Ward L, Rhodes S, Pearce BD, Mehta PK, Kutner M, Garcia E, Quyyumi A, Vaccarino V, Raggi P, Bremner JD, Shah AJ. Comparison of autonomic stress reactivity in young healthy versus aging subjects with heart disease. PLoS One. 2019 May 8;14(5):e0216278. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0216278. eCollection 2019.

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Cardiovascular DiseasesCoronary Artery Disease

Interventions

Biofeedback, Psychology

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Coronary DiseaseMyocardial IschemiaHeart DiseasesArteriosclerosisArterial Occlusive DiseasesVascular Diseases

Intervention Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Mind-Body TherapiesComplementary TherapiesTherapeuticsBehavior TherapyPsychotherapyBehavioral Disciplines and ActivitiesFeedback, Psychological

Study Officials

  • Arshed Quyyumi, MD

    Emory University

    PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

Study Design

Study Type
interventional
Phase
not applicable
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Masking
NONE
Purpose
OTHER
Intervention Model
PARALLEL
Sponsor Type
OTHER
Responsible Party
PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
PI Title
Professor

Study Record Dates

First Submitted

January 13, 2016

First Posted

January 15, 2016

Study Start

September 1, 2015

Primary Completion

June 24, 2020

Study Completion

June 24, 2020

Last Updated

September 14, 2020

Record last verified: 2020-09

Locations