NCT02353325

Brief Summary

Salt is one of the very few regularly purchased food item in all socioeconomic classes including poor remote areas with subsistence farming. Therefore, it is a promising vehicle for fortification with micronutrients, such as iodine, iron, vitamin A, to alleviate the burden of micronutrient deficiencies. However, ensuring the bioavailability of iron and the sensory quality in fortified salt is difficult. Water-soluble iron compounds, such as ferrous sulphate FeSO4, are the most bioavailable, but they react with moisture and impurities in salt, and cause unacceptable changes in colour. Encapsulation can reduce iron-mediated colour change in fortified salt without significantly compromise bioavailability. In the present project we aim to investigate the iron bioavailability from salt fortified with FeSO4 using a new encapsulation type based on hyaluronic acid (HA) and a polymer from the eudragit family (EPO).

Trial Health

87
On Track

Trial Health Score

Automated assessment based on enrollment pace, timeline, and geographic reach

Enrollment
20

participants targeted

Target at below P25 for not_applicable

Timeline
Completed

Started Mar 2016

Shorter than P25 for not_applicable

Geographic Reach
1 country

1 active site

Status
completed

Health score is calculated from publicly available data and should be used for screening purposes only.

Trial Relationships

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Study Timeline

Key milestones and dates

First Submitted

Initial submission to the registry

January 28, 2015

Completed
5 days until next milestone

First Posted

Study publicly available on registry

February 2, 2015

Completed
1.1 years until next milestone

Study Start

First participant enrolled

March 1, 2016

Completed
2 months until next milestone

Primary Completion

Last participant's last visit for primary outcome

May 1, 2016

Completed
1 month until next milestone

Study Completion

Last participant's last visit for all outcomes

June 1, 2016

Completed
Last Updated

June 12, 2017

Status Verified

June 1, 2017

Enrollment Period

2 months

First QC Date

January 28, 2015

Last Update Submit

June 9, 2017

Conditions

Keywords

Iron deficiencyIron fortificationIron encapsulation

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (2)

  • Change from baseline in the isotopic ratio of iron in blood at week 2

    The change in the isotopic ratio of iron will be measured after the administration of test meal including iron isotopes.

    baseline, 2 weeks

  • Change from week 2 in the isotopic ratio of iron in blood at week 4

    The change in the isotopic ratio of iron will be measured after the administration of test meal including iron isotopes.

    2 weeks, 4 weeks

Study Arms (6)

non-encapsulated FeSO4

EXPERIMENTAL

Maize porridge with salt fortified with non-encapsulated FeSO4

Dietary Supplement: non-encapsulated FeSO4

encapsulated FeSO4, before cooking

EXPERIMENTAL

Maize porridge with salt fortified with non-encapsulated FeSO4, added before cooking

Dietary Supplement: encapsulated FeSO4, before cooking

encapsulated FeSO4, after cooking

EXPERIMENTAL

Maize porridge with salt fortified with non-encapsulated FeSO4, added after cooking

Dietary Supplement: encapsulated FeSO4, after cooking

non-encapsulated FeSO4 + ascorbic acid

EXPERIMENTAL

Maize porridge with salt fortified with non-encapsulated FeSO4 and ascorbic acid

Dietary Supplement: non-encapsulated FeSO4 + ascorbic acid

encapsulated FeSO4 + ascorbic acid, before cooking

EXPERIMENTAL

Maize porridge with salt fortified with non-encapsulated FeSO4 and ascorbic acid, added before cooking

Dietary Supplement: encapsulated FeSO4 + ascorbic acid, before cooking

encapsulated FeSO4 + ascorbic acid, after cooking

EXPERIMENTAL

Maize porridge with salt fortified with non-encapsulated FeSO4 and ascorbic acid, added after cooking

Dietary Supplement: encapsulated FeSO4 + ascorbic acid, after cooking

Interventions

non-encapsulated FeSO4DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT
non-encapsulated FeSO4
encapsulated FeSO4, before cooking
encapsulated FeSO4, after cooking
non-encapsulated FeSO4 + ascorbic acid
encapsulated FeSO4 + ascorbic acid, before cooking
encapsulated FeSO4 + ascorbic acid, after cooking

Eligibility Criteria

Age18 Years - 40 Years
Sexfemale
Healthy VolunteersYes
Age GroupsAdult (18-64)

You may qualify if:

  • Female, 18 to 40 years old
  • Marginal iron status (ferritin \< 25 ng/ml)
  • Body weight \< 65 kg
  • Normal body Mass Index (18.5 - 25 kg/m2)
  • Signed informed consent

You may not qualify if:

  • Pregnancy (assessed by a pregnancy test) / intention to become pregnant
  • Lactating up to 6 weeks before study initiation
  • Moderate or severe anaemia (hemoglobin \< 9.0 g/dL)
  • Elevated C-reactive protein (\> 5.0 mg/L)
  • Any metabolic, gastrointestinal kidney or chronic disease such as diabetes, hepatitis, hypertension, cancer or cardiovascular diseases (according to the participants own statement)
  • Continuous/long-term use of medication during the whole study (except for contraceptives)
  • Consumption of mineral and vitamin supplements within 2 weeks prior to 1st meal administration
  • Blood transfusion, blood donation or significant blood loss (accident, surgery) over the past 4 months
  • Earlier participation in a study using Fe stable isotopes or participation in any clinical study within the last 30 days
  • Participant who cannot be expected to comply with study protocol (e.g. not available on certain study appointments or difficulties with blood sampling)

Contact the study team to confirm eligibility.

Sponsors & Collaborators

Study Sites (1)

Human Nutrition Laboratory, ETH Zurich

Zurich, 8092, Switzerland

Location

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Iron Deficiencies

Interventions

Ascorbic Acid

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Iron Metabolism DisordersMetabolic DiseasesNutritional and Metabolic Diseases

Intervention Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Sugar AcidsAcids, AcyclicCarboxylic AcidsOrganic ChemicalsHydroxy AcidsCarbohydrates

Study Design

Study Type
interventional
Phase
not applicable
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Masking
SINGLE
Who Masked
PARTICIPANT
Purpose
PREVENTION
Intervention Model
CROSSOVER
Sponsor Type
OTHER
Responsible Party
SPONSOR

Study Record Dates

First Submitted

January 28, 2015

First Posted

February 2, 2015

Study Start

March 1, 2016

Primary Completion

May 1, 2016

Study Completion

June 1, 2016

Last Updated

June 12, 2017

Record last verified: 2017-06

Locations