NCT02206074

Brief Summary

The investigators are conducting a research study to see if increasing the amount of nitrate (a substance found in large quantities in certain vegetables) in the diet can increase the ability of individuals with Type 2 diabetes (T2D) to perform exercise. Some people with T2D find exercise more uncomfortable than individuals who do not have T2D. This may be explained by the experimental studies showing that T2D can result in reductions in the supply of oxygen to the muscles. Studies have also shown that for a given level of activity, individuals with T2D will be much closer to their maximum exercise capacity than healthy individuals. Dietary nitrate may have two important beneficial effects in individuals with T2D: 1) The effects of dietary nitrate on the responses to exercise may have a significant impact on the ability of individuals with Type 2 diabetes to perform daily tasks and exercise more comfortably and 2) experimental studies suggest that increased nitrate consumption has been shown to reduce the amount of oxygen required for a given level of exercise. The investigators will recruit 60 individuals with T2D. These people will take part in a randomised crossover design study where they will be asked to drink normal beetroot juice (rich in nitrate) and nitrate depleted beetroot juice, prior to performing two different walking exercise tasks (a six minute walk and repeated, low intensity treadmill walking). This study aims to determine if dietary nitrate supplementation reduces the amount of oxygen required for a given level of exercise in individuals with T2D. To test brain function individuals will be asked to perform a standard computerised decision making task following consumption of the nitrate rich and nitrate depleted juices.

Trial Health

87
On Track

Trial Health Score

Automated assessment based on enrollment pace, timeline, and geographic reach

Enrollment
57

participants targeted

Target at P25-P50 for not_applicable type-2-diabetes

Timeline
Completed

Started May 2012

Geographic Reach
1 country

1 active site

Status
completed

Health score is calculated from publicly available data and should be used for screening purposes only.

Trial Relationships

Click on a node to explore related trials.

Study Timeline

Key milestones and dates

Study Start

First participant enrolled

May 1, 2012

Completed
1.3 years until next milestone

Primary Completion

Last participant's last visit for primary outcome

August 1, 2013

Completed
Same day until next milestone

Study Completion

Last participant's last visit for all outcomes

August 1, 2013

Completed
12 months until next milestone

First Submitted

Initial submission to the registry

July 25, 2014

Completed
7 days until next milestone

First Posted

Study publicly available on registry

August 1, 2014

Completed
Last Updated

March 19, 2019

Status Verified

March 1, 2019

Enrollment Period

1.3 years

First QC Date

July 25, 2014

Last Update Submit

March 15, 2019

Conditions

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (1)

  • Pulmonary gas exchange via MedGraphics CardiO2 Cardiopulmonary Diagnostic Systems

    Pulmonary gas exchange was measured during treadmill walking exercise (MedGraphics CardiO2 Cardiopulmonary Diagnostic Systems, St. Paul, MN, USA). Prior to each testing session the analysers were calibrated using known concentrations. The volume transducer was calibrated using a 3-litre syringe (Hans Rudolph, Kansas City, MO, USA). When we refer to the oxygen cost of exercise we are referring to end exercise oxygen uptake.

    3 x 6 minutes of gas exchange per participant, twice, 10-14 days apart

Secondary Outcomes (1)

  • Functional capacity measured by 6-Minute Walking Test (6MWT)

    6 minutes walking per participant per visit

Study Arms (2)

T2DM

ACTIVE COMPARATOR

Crossover design where participants will start in the Beetroot juice condition, and after a washout period, move into the other condition.

Dietary Supplement: Beetroot

Placebo

PLACEBO COMPARATOR

Crossover design where participants will start in the placebo condition, and after a washout period, move into the other condition.

Dietary Supplement: Beetroot

Interventions

BeetrootDIETARY_SUPPLEMENT
Also known as: James Whites Drinks beetroot sports shot
PlaceboT2DM

Eligibility Criteria

Age35 Years - 75 Years
Sexall
Healthy VolunteersNo
Age GroupsAdult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)

You may qualify if:

  • patients with T2D (as defined by WHO) of at least 5 years duration between the ages of 35-75 will be invited.

You may not qualify if:

  • patients with significant renal impairment (eGFR\<30)
  • uncontrolled hypertension
  • BMI\<25 or \>35
  • are taking regular organic nitrates, nicorandil, or thiazolidinidiones, or any medication which may interfere with data interpretation or safety
  • who have had a myocardial infarction or cerebro-vascular event
  • who smoke, or any other serious medical condition which would interfere with data interpretation or safety will be excluded from participation.

Contact the study team to confirm eligibility.

Sponsors & Collaborators

Study Sites (1)

Peninsula NIHr Exeter Clinical Research Facility

Exeter, Devon, EX2 5DW, United Kingdom

Location

Related Publications (1)

  • Shepherd AI, Gilchrist M, Winyard PG, Jones AM, Hallmann E, Kazimierczak R, Rembialkowska E, Benjamin N, Shore AC, Wilkerson DP. Effects of dietary nitrate supplementation on the oxygen cost of exercise and walking performance in individuals with type 2 diabetes: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover trial. Free Radic Biol Med. 2015 Sep;86:200-8. doi: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2015.05.014. Epub 2015 May 18.

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Diabetes MellitusGlucose Metabolism DisordersMetabolic DiseasesNutritional and Metabolic DiseasesEndocrine System Diseases

Study Officials

  • Daryl Wilkerson, PhD

    University of Exeter

    PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

Study Design

Study Type
interventional
Phase
not applicable
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Masking
DOUBLE
Who Masked
PARTICIPANT, INVESTIGATOR
Purpose
HEALTH SERVICES RESEARCH
Intervention Model
CROSSOVER
Sponsor Type
OTHER
Responsible Party
SPONSOR

Study Record Dates

First Submitted

July 25, 2014

First Posted

August 1, 2014

Study Start

May 1, 2012

Primary Completion

August 1, 2013

Study Completion

August 1, 2013

Last Updated

March 19, 2019

Record last verified: 2019-03

Locations