NCT01995123

Brief Summary

The purpose of this study is to examine whether behavioral activation as an adjuvant to standard smoking cessation treatment improves smoking cessation outcomes among veterans with PTSD relative to a comparably intense combination of standard smoking cessation treatment + health and smoking education. It is expected that behavioral activation will produce more successful results than health and smoking education when paired with standard smoking cessation treatment.

Trial Health

87
On Track

Trial Health Score

Automated assessment based on enrollment pace, timeline, and geographic reach

Enrollment
124

participants targeted

Target at P50-P75 for not_applicable

Timeline
Completed

Started Sep 2014

Longer than P75 for not_applicable

Geographic Reach
1 country

1 active site

Status
completed

Health score is calculated from publicly available data and should be used for screening purposes only.

Trial Relationships

Click on a node to explore related trials.

Study Timeline

Key milestones and dates

First Submitted

Initial submission to the registry

November 20, 2013

Completed
6 days until next milestone

First Posted

Study publicly available on registry

November 26, 2013

Completed
10 months until next milestone

Study Start

First participant enrolled

September 8, 2014

Completed
4.6 years until next milestone

Primary Completion

Last participant's last visit for primary outcome

March 29, 2019

Completed
Same day until next milestone

Study Completion

Last participant's last visit for all outcomes

March 29, 2019

Completed
1 year until next milestone

Results Posted

Study results publicly available

April 15, 2020

Completed
Last Updated

April 15, 2020

Status Verified

March 1, 2020

Enrollment Period

4.6 years

First QC Date

November 20, 2013

Results QC Date

March 31, 2020

Last Update Submit

March 31, 2020

Conditions

Keywords

Tobacco dependencePTSDBehavioral Activation Therapy

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (1)

  • Percentage of Participants Who Abstained From Smoking

    7-day point prevalence abstinence at weeks 4, 12, 20, and 26 post target quit day

    26 weeks post target quit date

Secondary Outcomes (2)

  • Time to Smoking Relapse

    26 weeks post target quit date

  • Clinician Administered PTSD Scale Score

    4 weeks post target quit date (end of treatment)

Study Arms (2)

Behavioral Activation Therapy

EXPERIMENTAL

Behavioral Activation (BA) Treatment will be delivered in eight, 30 minute individual sessions over an 8-week period. BA treatment will focus on encouraging subjects to participate in activities that they find enjoyable and rewarding. In addition, this arm will receive standard smoking cessation therapy, nicotine patch, and either nicotine gum or nicotine lozenge.

Behavioral: Behavioral Activation TherapyBehavioral: Standard Smoking Cessation Therapy

Health and Smoking Education

ACTIVE COMPARATOR

Health and Smoking Education (HSE) Treatment will be delivered in eight, 30 minute individual sessions over an 8-week period. HSE treatment will focus on smoking, health, and the impact of smoking on the subject's health. In addition, this arm will receive standard smoking cessation therapy, nicotine patch, and either nicotine gum or nicotine lozenge.

Behavioral: Health and Smoking EducationBehavioral: Standard Smoking Cessation Therapy

Interventions

Behavioral Activation (BA) Treatment will be delivered in eight, 30 minute individual sessions over an 8-week period. BA treatment will focus on encouraging subjects to participate in activities that they find enjoyable and rewarding.

Behavioral Activation Therapy

Health and Smoking Education (HSE) Treatment will be delivered in eight, 30 minute individual sessions over an 8-week period. HSE treatment will focus on smoking, health, and the impact of smoking on the subject's health.

Health and Smoking Education

Standard smoking cessation therapy will be delivered in eight, 20-minute individual sessions over an 8-week period.

Behavioral Activation TherapyHealth and Smoking Education

Eligibility Criteria

Age18 Years+
Sexall
Healthy VolunteersYes
Age GroupsAdult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)

You may qualify if:

  • Report smoking an average of 10 or more cigarettes daily for at least six months
  • Report a desire to quit smoking
  • Meet criteria for current PTSD
  • Speak and read English
  • Agree to participate in the study
  • Be 18 years old
  • Be a veteran

You may not qualify if:

  • Meeting criteria for psychotic or bipolar disorder
  • Psychoactive substance abuse or dependence (excluding nicotine dependence) within the past 6 months
  • Inability to give informed, voluntary, written consent to participate
  • Current use of any pharmacotherapy for smoking cessation not provided by the researchers during the quit attempt
  • Use of non-cigarette tobacco products as a primary form of tobacco use
  • Being currently suicidal or homicidal
  • Being medically unable to use the nicotine patch or nicotine gum/lozenge
  • Psychotropic medication changes within 3 months of study initiation and during active treatment
  • Current engagement in evidence-based therapies for PTSD or depression
  • Pregnant or trying to become pregnant
  • Incarceration

Contact the study team to confirm eligibility.

Sponsors & Collaborators

Study Sites (1)

William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI

Madison, Wisconsin, 53705, United States

Location

Related Publications (1)

  • Kaye JT, Betts JM, Brubaker E, Webster K, Beckham JC, Baker TB, Cook JW. Behavioral Activation for Smoking Cessation in Veterans with Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: A Randomized Clinical Trial. Nicotine Tob Res. 2025 Aug 22;27(9):1524-1533. doi: 10.1093/ntr/ntaf054.

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Tobacco Use DisorderStress Disorders, Post-Traumatic

Interventions

Health

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Substance-Related DisordersChemically-Induced DisordersMental DisordersStress Disorders, TraumaticTrauma and Stressor Related Disorders

Intervention Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Population Characteristics

Results Point of Contact

Title
Jessica Cook, PhD
Organization
Center for Tobacco Research and Intervention, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health; William S Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital

Study Officials

  • Jessica M Cook, PhD

    William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI

    PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

Publication Agreements

PI is Sponsor Employee
No
Restrictive Agreement
No

Study Design

Study Type
interventional
Phase
not applicable
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Masking
DOUBLE
Who Masked
INVESTIGATOR, OUTCOMES ASSESSOR
Purpose
TREATMENT
Intervention Model
PARALLEL
Sponsor Type
FED
Responsible Party
SPONSOR

Study Record Dates

First Submitted

November 20, 2013

First Posted

November 26, 2013

Study Start

September 8, 2014

Primary Completion

March 29, 2019

Study Completion

March 29, 2019

Last Updated

April 15, 2020

Results First Posted

April 15, 2020

Record last verified: 2020-03

Data Sharing

IPD Sharing
Will not share

Locations