NCT01781949

Brief Summary

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of 3 modern rapid HIV screening methods, including a novel targeted strategy, in urban emergency department settings in the United States.

Trial Health

87
On Track

Trial Health Score

Automated assessment based on enrollment pace, timeline, and geographic reach

Enrollment
76,235

participants targeted

Target at P75+ for not_applicable

Timeline
Completed

Started Apr 2014

Longer than P75 for not_applicable

Geographic Reach
1 country

4 active sites

Status
completed

Health score is calculated from publicly available data and should be used for screening purposes only.

Trial Relationships

Click on a node to explore related trials.

Study Timeline

Key milestones and dates

First Submitted

Initial submission to the registry

January 11, 2013

Completed
21 days until next milestone

First Posted

Study publicly available on registry

February 1, 2013

Completed
1.2 years until next milestone

Study Start

First participant enrolled

April 1, 2014

Completed
1.8 years until next milestone

Primary Completion

Last participant's last visit for primary outcome

January 1, 2016

Completed
2.7 years until next milestone

Study Completion

Last participant's last visit for all outcomes

August 31, 2018

Completed
Last Updated

March 4, 2024

Status Verified

September 1, 2018

Enrollment Period

1.8 years

First QC Date

January 11, 2013

Last Update Submit

March 1, 2024

Conditions

Keywords

HIV infectionTargeted screeningNontargeted screeningEmergency departmentUrgent careEffectiveness

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (1)

  • Confirmed Newly-Diagnosed HIV Infection

    Confirmed newly-diagnosed and previously-diagnosed HIV infection; classified as binary "yes" or "no"; assessed using structured medical record and laboratory data abstraction.

    Day 1

Secondary Outcomes (10)

  • CD4 Count

    Day 1

  • HIV Viral Load

    Day 1

  • Linkage-to-Care

    Expected average of 1 week, but may be up to 1 month

  • Development of AIDS

    1 year after diagnosis

  • Initiation of Antiretroviral Therapy

    1 year after diagnosis

  • +5 more secondary outcomes

Study Arms (3)

A: Nontargeted rapid HIV screening

OTHER

Eligible patients randomized to this arm will be offered rapid HIV screening without assessment of risk. HIV testing will occur on a 24-hour basis as part of routine ED care.

Other: A: Nontargeted rapid HIV screening

B: Enhanced targeted rapid HIV screening

OTHER

Eligible patients randomized to this arm will be asked to answer questions regarding HIV risk using the Denver HIV Risk Score (DHRS), an empirically-developed clinical prediction instrument for assessing HIV risk, to identify patients at increased risk for HIV infection. Patients identified as being at increased risk for HIV infection will be offered rapid HIV testing. HIV testing will occur on a 24-hour basis as part of routine ED care.

Other: B: Enhanced targeted rapid HIV screening

C: Traditional targeted rapid HIV screening

OTHER

Eligible patients randomized to this arm will be asked to answer questions related to HIV risk using a traditional behavioral risk screening tool to identify patients at increased risk for HIV infection. Patients identified as being at increased risk for HIV infection will be offered rapid HIV testing. HIV testing will occur on a 24-hour basis as part of routine ED care.

Other: C: Traditional targeted rapid HIV screening

Interventions

Patients who present to the ED for evaluation, who meet criteria for inclusion, and who are randomized to this arm will be offered voluntary, free, and confidential rapid HIV testing by nurses using opt-out consent during medical screening.

A: Nontargeted rapid HIV screening

Patients who present to the ED for evaluation, who meet criteria for inclusion, and who are randomized to this arm will be asked questions from the Denver HIV Risk Score (DHRS). Patients will be considered at increased risk for HIV infection if they have a DHRS score of 30 or more. These increased-risk patients will be offered rapid HIV testing using opt-out consent by nurses during medical screening. Patients identified as low risk (DHRS \<30) will not be offered rapid HIV testing but will eligible for diagnostic HIV testing.

B: Enhanced targeted rapid HIV screening

Patients who present to the ED for evaluation, who meet criteria for inclusion, and who are randomized to this arm will be asked questions from a Behavioral Risk Screening Tool (BRST). The BRST was adopted from the 2001 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's recommendations for targeted HIV screening, and includes 6 questions. An affirmative response to 1 or more questions identifies the person as being at increased risk for HIV infection. These patients will be offered rapid HIV testing using opt-out consent by nurses during medical screening. Patients who do not respond affirmatively to any of the questions will not be offered rapid HIV testing but will eligible for diagnostic HIV testing.

C: Traditional targeted rapid HIV screening

Eligibility Criteria

Age16 Years+
Sexall
Healthy VolunteersYes
Age GroupsChild (0-17), Adult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)

You may qualify if:

  • Greater than or equal to 16 years of age
  • Clinically stable
  • Capable of providing consent for medical care

You may not qualify if:

  • \< 16 years old
  • Unable to consent for medical care
  • Prisoners or detainees
  • Self-identified as infected with HIV
  • Occupational exposure
  • Sexual assault
  • Fast-track patients

Contact the study team to confirm eligibility.

Sponsors & Collaborators

Study Sites (4)

Alameda County Medical Center

Oakland, California, 94602, United States

Location

Denver Health and Hospital Authority

Denver, Colorado, 80204, United States

Location

Johns Hopkins University

Baltimore, Maryland, 21287, United States

Location

University of Cincinnati Medical Center

Cincinnati, Ohio, 45229, United States

Location

Related Publications (2)

  • Haukoos JS, Lyons MS, Rothman RE, White DAE, Hopkins E, Bucossi M, Ruffner AH, Ancona RM, Hsieh YH, Peterson SC, Signer D, Toerper MF, Saheed M, Pfeil SK, Todorovic T, Al-Tayyib AA, Bradley-Springer L, Campbell JD, Gardner EM, Rowan SE, Sabel AL, Thrun MW; HIV TESTED Trial Investigators. Comparison of HIV Screening Strategies in the Emergency Department: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Netw Open. 2021 Jul 1;4(7):e2117763. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.17763.

  • Mohareb AM, Patel AV, Laeyendecker OB, Toerper MF, Signer D, Clarke WA, Kelen GD, Quinn TC, Haukoos JS, Rothman RE, Hsieh YH. The HIV Screening Cascade: Current Emergency Department-Based Screening Strategies Leave Many Patients With HIV Undiagnosed. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2021 May 1;87(1):e167-e169. doi: 10.1097/QAI.0000000000002609. No abstract available.

MeSH Terms

Conditions

HIV InfectionsEmergencies

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Blood-Borne InfectionsCommunicable DiseasesInfectionsSexually Transmitted Diseases, ViralSexually Transmitted DiseasesLentivirus InfectionsRetroviridae InfectionsRNA Virus InfectionsVirus DiseasesGenital DiseasesUrogenital DiseasesImmunologic Deficiency SyndromesImmune System DiseasesDisease AttributesPathologic ProcessesPathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms

Study Officials

  • Jason S Haukoos, MD, MSc

    Denver Health and Hospital Authority

    PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

Study Design

Study Type
interventional
Phase
not applicable
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Masking
NONE
Purpose
HEALTH SERVICES RESEARCH
Intervention Model
PARALLEL
Sponsor Type
OTHER
Responsible Party
SPONSOR

Study Record Dates

First Submitted

January 11, 2013

First Posted

February 1, 2013

Study Start

April 1, 2014

Primary Completion

January 1, 2016

Study Completion

August 31, 2018

Last Updated

March 4, 2024

Record last verified: 2018-09

Data Sharing

IPD Sharing
Will share

The final research dataset resulting from this project will be made available to other investigators who wish to perform secondary analyses in this content area. The final dataset will include demographic and self-reported behavioral risk information as collected as a part of the Denver HIV Risk Score (DHRS) and the Behavioral Risk Screening Tool (BRST), as well as results of rapid HIV testing, if performed. Because HIV infection is a reportable disease, identifying information will be collected. While the final dataset will be stripped of identifiers prior to release for sharing, we believe that there remains a possibility of deductive disclosure of subjects with unusual characteristics. Thus, we will make data and associated documentation available to users only under a data-use agreement (DUA).

Shared Documents
STUDY PROTOCOL
Time Frame
Data will become available after the main trial results have been reported/published. They will be available for a period of 10 years.
Access Criteria
Individuals who wish to access deidentified IPD must email the PI (Jason Haukoos) or Project Manager (Emily Caruso) with a description of the proposed analysis, outcomes of interest, and how results will be reported.

Locations