Comparison of Carotenoid Bioavailability From Fresh Papaya, Tomato and Carrot
Evaluation of the Effect of the Consumption of Papaya, Tomato, and Carrot on the Bioavailability of Carotenoids
1 other identifier
interventional
16
2 countries
2
Brief Summary
The goal of this study is to determine if papaya fruits are an exceptionally good food source for carotenoids in humans, particularly when compared more common carotenoid sources like carrots and tomatoes. This objective will be accomplished by quantitation of the immediate post-prandial plasma concentrations of parent carotenoids and vitamin A metabolites from subjects who consumed a meal containing fresh papaya, tomato, and carrot.
Trial Health
Trial Health Score
Automated assessment based on enrollment pace, timeline, and geographic reach
participants targeted
Target at below P25 for not_applicable
Started Jun 2011
Shorter than P25 for not_applicable
2 active sites
Health score is calculated from publicly available data and should be used for screening purposes only.
Trial Relationships
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Study Timeline
Key milestones and dates
Study Start
First participant enrolled
June 1, 2011
CompletedPrimary Completion
Last participant's last visit for primary outcome
November 1, 2011
CompletedStudy Completion
Last participant's last visit for all outcomes
November 1, 2011
CompletedFirst Submitted
Initial submission to the registry
December 3, 2012
CompletedFirst Posted
Study publicly available on registry
December 13, 2012
CompletedResults Posted
Study results publicly available
October 24, 2014
CompletedOctober 20, 2025
October 1, 2025
5 months
December 3, 2012
October 15, 2014
October 15, 2025
Conditions
Keywords
Outcome Measures
Primary Outcomes (1)
Pharmacokinetics of Carotenoid Absorption From Papaya, Carrot and Tomato
The primary goal of this research is to investigate whether papaya can deliver increased quantities of carotenoids when compared to carrot and tomato. An area under the curve for concentration of carotenoids (from triglyceride rich lipoprotein (TRL) fraction of plasma) over time will be determined to quantify absorption, after subjects consume a meal containing papaya, carrot or tomato.
8 post-prandial blood samples over 9.5 hours
Study Arms (6)
Papaya-Carrot-Tomato
EXPERIMENTALTest meals were consumed in the following order: 1. Papaya 2. Carrot 3. Tomato.
Papaya-Tomato-Carrot
EXPERIMENTALTest meals were consumed in the following order: 1. Papaya 2. Tomato 3. Carrot
Tomato-Papaya-Carrot
EXPERIMENTALTest meals were consumed in the following order: 1. Tomato 2. Papaya 3. Carrot
Tomato-Carrot-Papaya
EXPERIMENTALTest meals were consumed in the following order: 1. Tomato 2. Carrot 3. Papaya
Carrot-Papaya-Tomato
EXPERIMENTALTest meals were consumed in the following order: 1. Carrot 2. Papaya 3. Tomato
Carrot-Tomato-Papaya
EXPERIMENTALTest meals were consumed in the following order: 1. Carrot 2. Tomato 3. Papaya
Interventions
Post-prandial study feeding 400-506 g papaya (1.6 mg beta-carotene, 2.1 mg beta-cryptoxanthin, 13 mg lycopene), 150 g yogurt (10% fat), and 45 g of fat free bread.
Post-prandial study feeding 25-35 g carrot (= 1.6 mg beta-carotene), 150 g yogurt (10% fat), and 45 g of fat free bread.
Post-prandial study feeding 256-396 g tomato (= 13 mg lycopene), 150 g yogurt (10% fat), and 45 g of fat free bread.
Eligibility Criteria
You may qualify if:
- healthy individuals
You may not qualify if:
- lactating, pregnant, or planned to be pregnant
- smokers/those who use tobacco products
- metabolic or malabsorption disorders
- had a history of cancer
- history of liver insufficiency or other gastro-intestinal diseases
- allergy to papaya, carrots or tomatoes
- obesity
Contact the study team to confirm eligibility.
Sponsors & Collaborators
- Ohio State Universitylead
- University of Hohenheimcollaborator
- Universidad de Costa Ricacollaborator
Study Sites (2)
The Ohio State University
Columbus, Ohio, 43210, United States
University of Costa Rica
San José, Costa Rica
Results Point of Contact
- Title
- Dr. Ralf Schweiggert
- Organization
- University of Hohenheim
Study Officials
- PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
Steven J Schwartz, Ph.D.
Ohio State University
Publication Agreements
- PI is Sponsor Employee
- No
- Restrictive Agreement
- No
Study Design
- Study Type
- interventional
- Phase
- not applicable
- Allocation
- RANDOMIZED
- Masking
- NONE
- Purpose
- BASIC SCIENCE
- Intervention Model
- CROSSOVER
- Sponsor Type
- OTHER
- Responsible Party
- PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
- PI Title
- Research Scientist
Study Record Dates
First Submitted
December 3, 2012
First Posted
December 13, 2012
Study Start
June 1, 2011
Primary Completion
November 1, 2011
Study Completion
November 1, 2011
Last Updated
October 20, 2025
Results First Posted
October 24, 2014
Record last verified: 2025-10