NCT01730131

Brief Summary

Background: \- Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) is a severe viral infection of the brain. It is caused by JC virus. Many people have this virus in their bodies all their life, but it is usually kept in check by their immune system. If the immune system does not work right because of a disease or medication, the virus becomes active and can damage cells in the brain. Not much is known about PML or how it affects the immune system. Researchers want to study people with PML to better understand the natural history of the disease. Objectives: \- To study the natural history of PML. Eligibility: \- Individuals at least 2 years of age who have PML. Design:

  • Participants will be screened with a physical exam, medical history, and imaging studies.
  • Participants will have several visits to the National Institutes of Health Clinical Center. There will be an initial visit, monthly visits for the next 6 months, a 12-month visit, and possible visits afterward.
  • At the initial visit, participants will give blood, urine, and spinal fluid samples. They will also have neurological tests and imaging studies of the brain.
  • For the next five visits, participants will give blood and urine samples. They will also have neurological tests and imaging studies of the brain.
  • The 6-month and 12-month visits will repeat the tests from the initial visit.
  • Other optional procedures include bone marrow samples and skin biopsies. Additional blood tests and imaging studies may be performed.
  • Treatment will not be provided as part of this study.

Trial Health

75
On Track

Trial Health Score

Automated assessment based on enrollment pace, timeline, and geographic reach

Enrollment
700

participants targeted

Target at P75+ for all trials

Geographic Reach
1 country

1 active site

Status
recruiting

Health score is calculated from publicly available data and should be used for screening purposes only.

Trial Relationships

Click on a node to explore related trials.

Study Timeline

Key milestones and dates

Study Start

First participant enrolled

November 8, 2012

Completed
9 days until next milestone

First Submitted

Initial submission to the registry

November 17, 2012

Completed
4 days until next milestone

First Posted

Study publicly available on registry

November 21, 2012

Completed
39.1 years until next milestone

Primary Completion

Last participant's last visit for primary outcome

January 1, 2052

Expected
Last Updated

May 5, 2026

Status Verified

April 30, 2026

Enrollment Period

39.2 years

First QC Date

November 17, 2012

Last Update Submit

May 2, 2026

Conditions

Keywords

EncephalitisImmune Reconstitution SyndromeHuman Immunodeficiency VirusMultiple SclerosisNatural History

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (1)

  • To characterize the baseline presentation of patients with JCV infection and/or PML with regard to clinical, radiological, immunological, genetic and viral features.

    1\. Characterization of distinctive imaging features to differentiate between actively progressing PML, PML-IRIS/inflammatory PML and inactive PML2. Characterization of distinctive clinical features to differentiate between actively progressing PML, PML-IRIS/inflammatory PML, and inactive PML3. Characterization of immune and virological features to differentiate between actively progressing PML, PML-IRIS/inflammatory PML, and inactive PML4. Characterization of immune and virological differences across PML patient populations with different underlying disease, subjects at risk for developing PML, and healthy individuals5. Characterization of genetic susceptibility for development of PML

    one year following last enrollment

Secondary Outcomes (1)

  • To longitudinally follow patients with JCV infection and/or PML with thorough characterization of their clinical course, imaging correlates, immunological markers, and viral studies

    one year following last enrollment

Study Arms (3)

Control Patients at Risk for PML

Participants with impaired immune function from any cause and considered at risk for PML

Healthy Volunteers

Healthy volunteers without impaired immune function

PML Patients

Participants with PML

Eligibility Criteria

Age2 Years - 120 Years
Sexall
Healthy VolunteersYes
Age GroupsChild (0-17), Adult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)
Sampling MethodProbability Sample
Study Population

Primary clinical for participants that have PML or at risk for PML and community sample/healthy relatives for healthy volunteers.

You may qualify if:

  • Suspected or confirmed PML
  • MRI compatible with PML
  • Able to participate in the studies and follow-up required by the protocol
  • At least 2 years old

You may not qualify if:

  • Significant condition, which in the judgment of the principal investigator, would make participation in the diagnostic and research parts of evaluation impossible or risky
  • Medical contraindication to MRI (i.e., devices such as a cardiac pacemaker or infusion pump, other metallic implants, metallic foreign objects, body piercings that cannot be removed)
  • Pregnancy
  • Inability to provide informed consent, either directly or via legally authorized representative (LAR)
  • Unwillingness to consent for collection of biological samples or their cryopreservation
  • Control Patients at Risk for PML
  • Able to participate in the studies and follow-up required by the protocol
  • At least 2 years old
  • Impaired immune function from any cause and considered at risk for PML (i.e.-history of hematological malignancy, chronic inflammatory disease, history of treatment with immune suppressive or immunomodulatory therapies, primary or acquired immunodeficiency syndromes)
  • Significant condition, which in the judgment of the principal investigator, would make participation in the diagnostic and research parts of evaluation impossible or risky
  • Medical contraindication to MRI (i.e., devices such as a cardiac pacemaker or infusion pump, other metallic implants, metallic foreign objects, body piercings that cannot be removed)
  • Pregnancy
  • Inability to provide informed consent, either directly or via legally authorized representative (LAR)
  • Unwillingness to consent for collection of biological samples or their cryopreservation
  • Healthy Volunteers
  • +8 more criteria

Contact the study team to confirm eligibility.

Sponsors & Collaborators

Study Sites (1)

National Institutes of Health Clinical Center

Bethesda, Maryland, 20892, United States

RECRUITING

Related Publications (3)

  • Cinque P, Koralnik IJ, Gerevini S, Miro JM, Price RW. Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in HIV-1 infection. Lancet Infect Dis. 2009 Oct;9(10):625-36. doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(09)70226-9.

    PMID: 19778765BACKGROUND
  • Padgett BL, Walker DL, ZuRhein GM, Eckroade RJ, Dessel BH. Cultivation of papova-like virus from human brain with progressive multifocal leucoencephalopathy. Lancet. 1971 Jun 19;1(7712):1257-60. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(71)91777-6. No abstract available.

    PMID: 4104715BACKGROUND
  • Gheuens S, Pierone G, Peeters P, Koralnik IJ. Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in individuals with minimal or occult immunosuppression. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2010 Mar;81(3):247-54. doi: 10.1136/jnnp.2009.187666. Epub 2009 Oct 14.

    PMID: 19828476BACKGROUND

Related Links

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Leukoencephalopathy, Progressive MultifocalEncephalitisImmune Reconstitution Inflammatory SyndromeAcquired Immunodeficiency SyndromeMultiple Sclerosis

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Encephalitis, ViralCentral Nervous System Viral DiseasesCentral Nervous System InfectionsInfectionsInfectious EncephalitisVirus DiseasesPolyomavirus InfectionsDNA Virus InfectionsSlow Virus DiseasesBrain DiseasesCentral Nervous System DiseasesNervous System DiseasesLeukoencephalopathiesDemyelinating DiseasesNeuroinflammatory DiseasesImmune System DiseasesHIV InfectionsBlood-Borne InfectionsCommunicable DiseasesSexually Transmitted Diseases, ViralSexually Transmitted DiseasesLentivirus InfectionsRetroviridae InfectionsRNA Virus InfectionsGenital DiseasesUrogenital DiseasesImmunologic Deficiency SyndromesDemyelinating Autoimmune Diseases, CNSAutoimmune Diseases of the Nervous SystemAutoimmune Diseases

Study Officials

  • Irene CM Cortese, M.D.

    National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS)

    PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

Central Study Contacts

Mauricio A Campillay

CONTACT

Irene CM Cortese, M.D.

CONTACT

Study Design

Study Type
observational
Observational Model
COHORT
Time Perspective
PROSPECTIVE
Sponsor Type
NIH
Responsible Party
SPONSOR

Study Record Dates

First Submitted

November 17, 2012

First Posted

November 21, 2012

Study Start

November 8, 2012

Primary Completion (Estimated)

January 1, 2052

Last Updated

May 5, 2026

Record last verified: 2026-04-30

Locations