NCT01641146

Brief Summary

HIV continues to spread among Black men who have sex with men (MSM), but few interventions target high-risk Black men who have sex with men and women (MSMW). Black MSMW with histories of childhood sexual abuse (CSA) may be an especially vulnerable population for: a) high-risk sexual behaviors; b) negative psychological sequelae (e.g., depressive or posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms); and c) neurobiological abnormalities in cardiovascular, neuroendocrine and/or immune systems (e.g., cortisol and norepinephrine), and HIV/AIDS progression. The purpose of this study was to test an HIV risk reduction intervention, guided by the Social Learning Theory, the Ecological Model, and the concept of allostatic load, a composite of the cumulative effects of stress on biological systems including psychoneuroimmunologic markers. The investigators tested the 6-session Enhanced Sexual Health Intervention for Men (ES-HIM) on 88 non-gay identifying HIV-positive Black MSMW with histories of CSA. The outcomes were to reduce high-risk sexual behaviors (i.e., unprotected anal and vaginal sex and number of sex partners) and negative psychological symptoms of depression and PTSD. Links between these outcomes and biomarkers of stress were also explored. Randomization to either the ES-HIM or a health promotion control group occurred with study participants assessed at baseline, post, 3- and 6-months.

Trial Health

87
On Track

Trial Health Score

Automated assessment based on enrollment pace, timeline, and geographic reach

Enrollment
118

participants targeted

Target at P50-P75 for phase_2 hiv

Timeline
Completed

Started Dec 2008

Geographic Reach
1 country

4 active sites

Status
completed

Health score is calculated from publicly available data and should be used for screening purposes only.

Trial Relationships

Click on a node to explore related trials.

Study Timeline

Key milestones and dates

Study Start

First participant enrolled

December 1, 2008

Completed
1.8 years until next milestone

Primary Completion

Last participant's last visit for primary outcome

September 1, 2010

Completed
8 months until next milestone

Study Completion

Last participant's last visit for all outcomes

May 1, 2011

Completed
1.2 years until next milestone

First Submitted

Initial submission to the registry

July 5, 2012

Completed
11 days until next milestone

First Posted

Study publicly available on registry

July 16, 2012

Completed
Last Updated

November 28, 2016

Status Verified

November 1, 2016

Enrollment Period

1.8 years

First QC Date

July 5, 2012

Last Update Submit

November 25, 2016

Conditions

Keywords

HIV risk reductionStress reductionTrauma reductionPTSD

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (2)

  • Sexual Risk Behavior Change Over Time - At Three Post Intervention Assessments

    To determine the impact of the ES-HIM intervention on HIV sexual risk behaviors among non-gay identifying HIV-positive African American men who have sex with men and women (MSMW) who have histories of childhood sexual abuse (CSA). The investigators hypothesized that compared to the Health Promotion comparison condition, the ES-HIM condition will be more effective in decreasing unprotected anal and vaginal sex (i.e., increase condom use) and number of sexual partners at immediate post-intervention and at 3- and 6-months post-intervention.

    Baseline (pre-intervention) and Immediate post, and 3-and 6-months post intervention

  • Mental Health Outcome Change Over Time - At Three Post Intervention Assessments

    To determine the impact of the ES-HIM intervention on negative psychological symptoms over time among non-gay identifying HIV-positive African American MSMW who have histories of CSA. The investigators hypothesized that compared to the Health Promotion condition, the ES-HIM condition will be more effective in decreasing depressive and posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms at immediate post-intervention and at 3- and 6-months post-intervention.

    Baseline (pre-intervention) and Immediate post, and 3-and 6-months post intervention

Secondary Outcomes (1)

  • Associations between Sexual Risk Behaviors, Mental Health Outcomes and Biomarkers - Changes At Two Post Intervention Assessments

    Baseline (pre-intervention) and 3-and 6-month post intervention

Study Arms (2)

Enhanced Sexual Health Intervention for Men

EXPERIMENTAL

ES-HIM is a six-session intervention for HIV-positive Black bisexual men who have histories of child sexual abuse. Guided by cognitive behavioral approaches and an ecological framework, ES-HIM effects sexual behavior change and psychological health improvement. Sexual risk reduction is framed from the perspective of being a triple minority (i.e., HIV-positive, ethnic and sexual minority). Issues of stigma and social isolation were discussed in regard to these identities. Sexual ownership focusing on individual responsibility for one's health and well-being was prioritized along with caring for sexual partners, family and community. Decisions regarding sexual behaviors and consequences were framed within a culturally congruent social context. Topics included: 1) the influence of gender and ethnicity; (2) early socialization regarding gender and culture, as well as adult experiences; (3) HIV stigma; and (4) recognizing stressors, including histories of personal trauma.

Behavioral: Enhanced Sexual Health Intervention for Men (ES-HIM)

Health Promotion (HP) Comparison Arm

ACTIVE COMPARATOR

Health Promotion Intervention (HP) is the comparison arm. It is designed to control for the Hawthorne effect and reduce the likelihood that effects of ES-HIM could be attributed to special attention and group interaction. HP addresses health issues, including certain cancers, hypertension, diabetes, and heart disease, all of which are common among African American men, but did not focus on sexual behavior. Participants were taught that these diseases could be prevented by changing personal behaviors (e.g., increasing physical activity and healthy dietary practices, ceasing cigarette smoking and alcohol and drug abuse), or managed with early detection and screening behaviors.

Behavioral: Health Promotion (HP) Comparison Arm

Interventions

ES-HIM is a six-session intervention for HIV-positive Black bisexual men who have histories of child sexual abuse. Guided by cognitive behavioral approaches and an ecological framework, ES-HIM effects sexual behavior change and psychological health improvement. Sexual risk reduction is framed from the perspective of being a triple minority (i.e., HIV-positive, ethnic and sexual minority). Issues of stigma and social isolation were discussed in regard to these identities. Sexual ownership focusing on individual responsibility for one's health and well-being was prioritized along with caring for sexual partners, family and community. Decisions regarding sexual behaviors and consequences were framed within a culturally congruent social context. Topics included: 1) the influence of gender and ethnicity; (2) early socialization regarding gender and culture, as well as adult experiences; (3) HIV stigma; and (4) recognizing stressors, including histories of personal trauma.

Also known as: ES-HIM
Enhanced Sexual Health Intervention for Men

Health Promotion Intervention (HP) is the comparison arm. It is designed to control for the Hawthorne effect and reduce the likelihood that effects of ES-HIM could be attributed to special attention and group interaction. HP addresses health issues, including certain cancers, hypertension, diabetes, and heart disease, all of which are common among African American men, but did not focus on sexual behavior. Participants were taught that these diseases could be prevented by changing personal behaviors (e.g., increasing physical activity and healthy dietary practices, ceasing cigarette smoking and alcohol and drug abuse), or managed with early detection and screening behaviors.

Also known as: HP
Health Promotion (HP) Comparison Arm

Eligibility Criteria

Age18 Years+
Sexmale
Healthy VolunteersYes
Age GroupsAdult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)

You may qualify if:

  • At least 18 years of age
  • Male
  • English speaking
  • HIV-positive
  • non-gay identifying
  • Black/African American
  • Sexually active and engaged in unprotected anal and/or vaginal sex with both a male and female partner in the previous 90 days
  • Have a history of child sexual abuse

You may not qualify if:

  • Younger than 18 years of age
  • Female
  • Non-English speaking
  • HIV-negative or unknown HIV-serostatus
  • Race/Ethnicity other than Black / African American
  • Not sexually active, uses condoms and/or lacks both male and female partners in past 90 days
  • No history of child sexual abuse

Contact the study team to confirm eligibility.

Sponsors & Collaborators

Study Sites (4)

The AmASSI Health and Cultural Center

Inglewood, California, 90301, United States

Location

Palms Residential Care Facility

Los Angeles, California, 90003, United States

Location

University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA)

Los Angeles, California, 90024, United States

Location

JWCH Institute Inc.

Los Angeles, California, 90026, United States

Location

Related Publications (2)

  • Glover DA, Williams JK, Kisler KA. Using novel methods to examine stress among HIV-positive African American men who have sex with men and women. J Behav Med. 2013 Jun;36(3):283-94. doi: 10.1007/s10865-012-9421-5. Epub 2012 Apr 27.

  • Williams JK, Glover DA, Wyatt GE, Kisler K, Liu H, Zhang M. A sexual risk and stress reduction intervention designed for HIV-positive bisexual African American men with childhood sexual abuse histories. Am J Public Health. 2013 Aug;103(8):1476-84. doi: 10.2105/AJPH.2012.301121. Epub 2013 Jun 13.

MeSH Terms

Conditions

DepressionStress Disorders, Post-Traumatic

Interventions

MenogarilHealth Promotion

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Behavioral SymptomsBehaviorStress Disorders, TraumaticTrauma and Stressor Related DisordersMental Disorders

Intervention Hierarchy (Ancestors)

NogalamycinDaunorubicinAnthracyclinesNaphthacenesPolycyclic Aromatic HydrocarbonsHydrocarbons, AromaticHydrocarbons, CyclicHydrocarbonsOrganic ChemicalsPolycyclic CompoundsAminoglycosidesGlycosidesCarbohydratesHealth EducationPreventive Health ServicesHealth ServicesHealth Care Facilities Workforce and Services

Study Officials

  • John K Williams, MD

    University of California, Los Angeles

    PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

Study Design

Study Type
interventional
Phase
phase 2
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Masking
NONE
Purpose
PREVENTION
Intervention Model
PARALLEL
Sponsor Type
OTHER
Responsible Party
SPONSOR

Study Record Dates

First Submitted

July 5, 2012

First Posted

July 16, 2012

Study Start

December 1, 2008

Primary Completion

September 1, 2010

Study Completion

May 1, 2011

Last Updated

November 28, 2016

Record last verified: 2016-11

Locations