NCT01410721

Brief Summary

Up to half of all military service members with combat-related traumatic brain injury (TBI) also suffer from Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). TBI and PTSD are each associated with cognitive problems in what are called 'executive functions' such as planning actions, inhibiting behavior, monitoring one's own thoughts and feelings, and solving problems day-to-day. These types of impairments occur more often among veterans with both TBI and PTSD than among those with only one of these conditions. The combination of TBI and PTSD in veterans has also been linked to problems with anger and violence, which are common complaints of veterans seeking mental health services post-deployment and have been shown to predict poor treatment outcomes in Iraq and Afghanistan veterans. Although the relationship between combined TBI/PTSD diagnoses and post-deployment adjustment problems has been demonstrated, there has been little research into clinical interventions designed to reduce the severity of cognitive and affective symptoms in veterans with both TBI and PTSD. Therefore, the investigators propose a randomized clinical trial involving a cognitive rehabilitation intervention that targets improved executive functioning, with the participation of N=100 veterans diagnosed with both TBI and PTSD (n=50 in experimental group and n=50 comparison). As part of the study, all participants will receive an iPod touch. Participants will be placed into one of the two study groups randomly. Based on which group participants are placed in, they will receive one of two different sets of iPod touch apps and programs that address and aim to improve different facets of cognitive functioning. Regardless of which group, Veterans will be instructed to daily practice iPod touch applications on cognitive functioning. Also, family members will be trained as "mentors" to reinforce use of the applications in everyday living environments. Trained facilitators will also travel to participants' homes to meet with veterans and family to observe behaviors in the home environment, arrive at strategies for applying new skills in their situations, troubleshoot any iPod technical problems, and review family mentoring processes. The investigators will measure clinical outcomes using a comprehensive array of functional and structural methods at baseline and six months. The investigators hypothesize improved executive function among those in the experimental group as well as reduced irritability/impulsivity and improved social/occupational functioning. The investigators further hypothesize that, as a group, veterans participating in the cognitive rehabilitation program will show significant changes in neural activity associated with executive functions when comparing pre- and post-treatment EEG and fMRI responses. Better understanding of the neural circuitry and neurocognitive function underlying executive function and associated affective control deficits in veterans with both TBI and PTSD, and how they relate to treatment outcome, will allow us to better identify therapeutic targets for cognitive rehabilitation. The current proposal aims to explore the relationship between brain function and connectivity in selective pathways/circuits, neuropsychological functioning, and cognitive rehabilitation response in veterans with both TBI and PTSD. This study of the neurobiology and neuropsychology associated with intervention efficacy will allow us to identify veterans with both TBI and PTSD who are predisposed to positive treatment outcomes. To our knowledge, this will be the first attempt to integrate neurobiological and neurocognitive techniques with information about the efficacy of a theoretically and empirically driven cognitive rehabilitation intervention in veterans with combined TBI/PTSD diagnoses. This research may suggest additional avenues for assessment of clinical intervention efficacy and the identification of therapeutic targets (e.g. alteration of function in fronto-limbic circuits) relevant to the military population. Given links between TBI/PTSD, executive dysfunction, and anger, impulsivity, and aggression, efforts to rehabilitate cognitive function will be particularly important to ensure that current and future veterans adjust successfully when they return home to their families, workplaces, and communities.

Trial Health

87
On Track

Trial Health Score

Automated assessment based on enrollment pace, timeline, and geographic reach

Enrollment
241

participants targeted

Target at P75+ for not_applicable

Timeline
Completed

Started Jan 2012

Longer than P75 for not_applicable

Geographic Reach
1 country

1 active site

Status
completed

Health score is calculated from publicly available data and should be used for screening purposes only.

Trial Relationships

Click on a node to explore related trials.

Study Timeline

Key milestones and dates

First Submitted

Initial submission to the registry

August 3, 2011

Completed
2 days until next milestone

First Posted

Study publicly available on registry

August 5, 2011

Completed
5 months until next milestone

Study Start

First participant enrolled

January 1, 2012

Completed
4.1 years until next milestone

Primary Completion

Last participant's last visit for primary outcome

February 1, 2016

Completed
Same day until next milestone

Study Completion

Last participant's last visit for all outcomes

February 1, 2016

Completed
Last Updated

December 13, 2018

Status Verified

May 1, 2017

Enrollment Period

4.1 years

First QC Date

August 3, 2011

Last Update Submit

December 11, 2018

Conditions

Keywords

TBIPTSDVeterans

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (1)

  • Executive Function

    Executive function is hypothesized to be improved in the experimental group, as evidenced by increased scores on neuropsychological measures from Dellis-Kaplan Executive Functioning System.

    6 month

Secondary Outcomes (2)

  • Impulsivity

    6 months

  • Interpersonal Conflict

    6 months

Study Arms (2)

Cognitive Rehabilitation Intervention

EXPERIMENTAL

Baseline training and follow-up at two months and four months.

Behavioral: Cognitive Rehabilitation Intervention

Cognitive Rehabilitation Control Arm

ACTIVE COMPARATOR

Baseline training and follow-up at two months and four months.

Behavioral: Cognitive Rehabilitation Control Intervention

Interventions

Baseline training and follow-up at two months and four months.

Cognitive Rehabilitation Intervention

Baseline training and follow-up at two months and four months.

Cognitive Rehabilitation Control Arm

Eligibility Criteria

Age18 Years - 65 Years
Sexall
Healthy VolunteersNo
Age GroupsAdult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)

You may qualify if:

  • has served in one of the military branches (Army, Navy, Marines, Air Force, National Guard);
  • is between the ages of 18 and 65;
  • has served in Iraq or Afghanistan War since October 2001;
  • has screened positive for TBI and PTSD prior to baseline interview. Definition of TBI: The American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine (ACRM) (Kay et al., 1993), Center for Disease Control (CDC, 2003), and Military TBI Task Force (http://www.div40.org/pdf/Military\_TBI.pdf) have sought to define criteria for different types of head injuries. In the current DoD application, for both the research registry and pre-screening, criteria for TBI should be defined as a veteran who: 1. reports that during military service, head was hurt/injured in a way that caused problems; AND 2. endorses at least one of the following:
  • loss of consciousness or getting "knocked out."
  • immediately after the injury or upon regaining consciousness, being dazed or "seeing stars."
  • immediately after the injury or upon regaining consciousness, being unable to recall the event.
  • being over one hour after the injury was it before veteran started remembering new things again.
  • needing brain surgery after the injury.
  • Definition of PTSD: For the purposes of the current research, we use the Diagnostic Statistical Manual-IV-TD (DSM-IV-TR) definition of PTSD for the purposes of the current research. Specifically, subjects must report a traumatic event according to DSM criteria and report experiencing re-experiencing, avoidance, and hyperarousal symptoms to qualify for the diagnosis. Study registries define PTSD as having a score above the cut-off of 60 on the Clinical Assessment of PTSD (CAPS). We will re-screen potential participants before enrollment by administering the PTSD Checklist, scores above 50 indicative of PTSD among OIF/OEF veterans. Please note below that the CAPS will be administered as part of the main clinical interview after veterans have signed informed consent.

You may not qualify if:

  • Since MRI sessions are a part of the study, subjects should not participant if:
  • They have any foreign metal objects or implants in their body as determined by the safety questionnaires.
  • Veteran is a woman and is pregnant or unwilling to take a pregnancy test.

Contact the study team to confirm eligibility.

Sponsors & Collaborators

Study Sites (1)

UNC

Chapel Hill, North Carolina, 27599, United States

Location

Related Publications (1)

  • Elbogen EB, Dennis PA, Van Voorhees EE, Blakey SM, Johnson JL, Johnson SC, Wagner HR, Hamer RM, Beckham JC, Manly T, Belger A. Cognitive Rehabilitation With Mobile Technology and Social Support for Veterans With TBI and PTSD: A Randomized Clinical Trial. J Head Trauma Rehabil. 2019 Jan/Feb;34(1):1-10. doi: 10.1097/HTR.0000000000000435.

Related Links

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Brain Injuries, TraumaticStress Disorders, Post-Traumatic

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Brain InjuriesBrain DiseasesCentral Nervous System DiseasesNervous System DiseasesCraniocerebral TraumaTrauma, Nervous SystemWounds and InjuriesStress Disorders, TraumaticTrauma and Stressor Related DisordersMental Disorders

Study Officials

  • Eric B. Elbogen, Ph.D

    UNC

    PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

Study Design

Study Type
interventional
Phase
not applicable
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Masking
DOUBLE
Who Masked
PARTICIPANT, OUTCOMES ASSESSOR
Purpose
TREATMENT
Intervention Model
PARALLEL
Sponsor Type
OTHER
Responsible Party
SPONSOR

Study Record Dates

First Submitted

August 3, 2011

First Posted

August 5, 2011

Study Start

January 1, 2012

Primary Completion

February 1, 2016

Study Completion

February 1, 2016

Last Updated

December 13, 2018

Record last verified: 2017-05

Locations