Solar Disinfection (SODIS) of Drinking Water for Use in Developing Countries or in Emergency Situations
SODISWATER
Assessment of the Health Benefits Associated With Consumption of Solar Disinfection of Drinking Water by Children Under Age 5 Years, With Particular Emphasis on Dysentery and Childhood Diarrhoea
2 other identifiers
interventional
2,400
3 countries
3
Brief Summary
SODISWATER was a health impact assessment study investigating the effect of sunlight to inactivate microbial pathogens in drinking water. This study was carried out by observing whether children younger than 5 years old who drink solar disinfected water were healthier than those who did not. Health was measured by how often the children had diarrhoea or dysentery. Caregivers for the participants were given plastic bottles to place in the sun, water samples were then collected from these plastic bottles to be analyzed. They were also requested to fill in diarrhea diaries. TESTABLE RESEARCH HYPOTHESES: Health Impact Assessment: Children who use solar disinfected water will have: (a) lower morbidity due to non-bloody diarrhoea and bloody diarrhoea (c) increased growth rates (d) lower mortality (e) increased family productivity (f) decreased care-giver burden (g) increased school attendance
Trial Health
Trial Health Score
Automated assessment based on enrollment pace, timeline, and geographic reach
participants targeted
Target at P75+ for not_applicable
Started Jun 2008
Typical duration for not_applicable
3 active sites
Health score is calculated from publicly available data and should be used for screening purposes only.
Trial Relationships
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Study Timeline
Key milestones and dates
Study Start
First participant enrolled
June 1, 2008
CompletedPrimary Completion
Last participant's last visit for primary outcome
October 1, 2009
CompletedStudy Completion
Last participant's last visit for all outcomes
May 1, 2010
CompletedFirst Submitted
Initial submission to the registry
February 28, 2011
CompletedFirst Posted
Study publicly available on registry
March 1, 2011
CompletedNovember 10, 2011
February 1, 2011
1.3 years
February 28, 2011
November 9, 2011
Conditions
Keywords
Outcome Measures
Primary Outcomes (2)
Dysentery disease rate
Incidence of occurrence of blood or mucous in diarrhoeal stools was noted by caregivers and recorded in a pictorial diary which was collected every 2 weeks.
12 month
Diarrhoea disease rate
Incidence of diarrhoea and numbers of diarrhoeal episodes was noted by caregivers and recorded in a pictorial diary which was collected every 2 weeks.
12 months
Secondary Outcomes (1)
Height and weight benefit
12 months
Study Arms (2)
SODIS Bottles given
ACTIVE COMPARATORCaregivers in the intervention group were given two 2-litre plastic bottles. Bottle was filled with available water and placed in direct sunlight for a minimum of 6 hours. Water was consumed the next day while second bottle was being consumed.
Usual practices
ACTIVE COMPARATORCaregivers in this group were asked to maintain their usual practices regarding drinking water so that disease rates could be compared with the SODIS arm
Interventions
SODIS Bottles used by SODIS group to treat their drinking water
Eligibility Criteria
You may qualify if:
- Presence of one or more children aged less than 5 years in the household
You may not qualify if:
- Chlorinated piped water source available in household
Contact the study team to confirm eligibility.
Sponsors & Collaborators
- Royal College of Surgeons, Irelandlead
- ICROSS, Kenyacollaborator
- International Water and Sanitation Development (IWSD), Zimbabwecollaborator
- CARE International - Cambodia (CIC), Cambodiacollaborator
Study Sites (3)
CIC
Phnom Penh, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
ICROSS
Nairobi, Ngong Hills, POBox 507, Kenya
IWSD
Harare, Mount Pleasant, MO422, Zimbabwe
Related Publications (5)
Du Preez M, Mcguigan KG, Conroy RM. Solar disinfection of drinking water in the prevention of dysentery in South African children aged under 5 years: the role of participant motivation. Environ Sci Technol. 2010 Nov 15;44(22):8744-9. doi: 10.1021/es103328j.
PMID: 20977257BACKGROUNDUbomba-Jaswa E, Fernandez-Ibanez P, McGuigan KG. A preliminary Ames fluctuation assay assessment of the genotoxicity of drinking water that has been solar disinfected in polyethylene terephthalate (PET) bottles. J Water Health. 2010 Dec;8(4):712-9. doi: 10.2166/wh.2010.136. Epub 2010 Apr 13.
PMID: 20705982BACKGROUNDConroy RM, Meegan ME, Joyce T, McGuigan K, Barnes J. Solar disinfection of drinking water protects against cholera in children under 6 years of age. Arch Dis Child. 2001 Oct;85(4):293-5. doi: 10.1136/adc.85.4.293.
PMID: 11567937BACKGROUNDConroy RM, Elmore-Meegan M, Joyce T, McGuigan KG, Barnes J. Solar disinfection of drinking water and diarrhoea in Maasai children: a controlled field trial. Lancet. 1996 Dec 21-28;348(9043):1695-7. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(96)02309-4.
PMID: 8973432BACKGROUNDdu Preez M, Conroy RM, Ligondo S, Hennessy J, Elmore-Meegan M, Soita A, McGuigan KG. Randomized intervention study of solar disinfection of drinking water in the prevention of dysentery in Kenyan children aged under 5 years. Environ Sci Technol. 2011 Nov 1;45(21):9315-23. doi: 10.1021/es2018835. Epub 2011 Oct 5.
PMID: 21936492DERIVED
Related Links
MeSH Terms
Conditions
Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)
Study Officials
- PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
Kevin G McGuigan, PhD
RCSI
Study Design
- Study Type
- interventional
- Phase
- not applicable
- Allocation
- RANDOMIZED
- Masking
- NONE
- Purpose
- PREVENTION
- Intervention Model
- PARALLEL
- Sponsor Type
- OTHER
Study Record Dates
First Submitted
February 28, 2011
First Posted
March 1, 2011
Study Start
June 1, 2008
Primary Completion
October 1, 2009
Study Completion
May 1, 2010
Last Updated
November 10, 2011
Record last verified: 2011-02