Soy Nut Study on Markers of Health

NCT01173380 | Completed

• 1 other identifier: 200715715-4
• Study Type: interventional
• Target: 18
• Locations: 1 country
• Sites: 1

Brief Summary

The investigators hope to learn about the effects of soy nuts on markers of health. When some people eat soy foods, their gut bacteria make equol. Equol is a soy metabolite (small molecule made during metabolism). The investigators will be testing blood samples to determine if markers of health are different for people who make equol versus people who do not make equol.

Conditions

Metabolic Syndrome X

Keywords

Soy; Equol; Metabolic syndrome; Endothelial function

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (3)

• Improve lipid profile

  Total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglyceride level, apolipoproteinA1, apolipoproteinB100, apolipoproteinB100:apolipoproteinA1, urinary F2-isoprostane

  After 4 week intervention

• Increase endothelial function

  Brachial artery flow mediated dilation, reactive hyperemia peripheral arterial tonometry, blood pressure, endothelin-1

  After 4 week intervention

• Attenuate glycemic responses

  Fasting plasma glucose, insulin, fructosamine, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance

  After 4 week intervention

Secondary Outcomes (2)

• Decrease inflammatory markers

  After 4 week intervention

• Follow anthropometrics for stable weight

  After 4 week intervention

Study Arms (2)

Matched food

SHAM COMPARATOR

Control food (matched for calories and macronutrients) per day for 4 weeks

Other: Matched food

Soy nuts

ACTIVE COMPARATOR

Oil roasted soy nuts with 101 milligrams of soy isoflavones per day for 4 weeks

Other: Soy nuts

Interventions

Soy nuts OTHER

Oil roasted soy nuts with 101 milligrams of soy isoflavones per day for 4 weeks

Also known as: Genisoy

Soy nuts

Matched food OTHER

Control food (matched for calories and macronutrients) per day for 4 weeks

Matched food

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 21 Years+
• Sex: all
• Healthy Volunteers: No
• Age Groups: Adult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)

You may qualify if:

• Postmenopausal women
• Men ages 45 or above
• Blood pressure greater than or equal to 130/85 mmHg but not greater than 160/100 and meeting an additional 2 of the remaining 4 Metabolic syndrome diagnostic criteria as defined by NCEP ATP III:
• Elevated waist circumference: men equal to or greater than 40 inches, women equal to or greater than 35 inches
• Reduced HDL cholesterol: men less than 40 mg/dL, women less than 50 mg/dL
• Fasting glucose greater than or equal to 100 mg/dL
• Fasting blood triglycerides greater than or equal to 150 mg/dL but less than 400 mg/dL
• Weight of at least 110 pounds

You may not qualify if:

• Smokers
• Chronic disease, such as diabetes, cancer, renal disease, and blood disorders
• History of intestinal disorders, which affect absorption or transit, such as ulcerative colitis or crohns disease
• Allergy to soy
• Antioxidant supplement usage

Sponsors & Collaborators

• University of California, Davis: lead

Study Sites (1)

Ragle Human Nutrition Center

Davis, California, 95616, United States

Location

Related Publications (25)

• Azadbakht L, Kimiagar M, Mehrabi Y, Esmaillzadeh A, Hu FB, Willett WC. Soy consumption, markers of inflammation, and endothelial function: a cross-over study in postmenopausal women with the metabolic syndrome. Diabetes Care. 2007 Apr;30(4):967-73. doi: 10.2337/dc06-2126.

  PMID: 17392557 BACKGROUND

• Azadbakht L, Kimiagar M, Mehrabi Y, Esmaillzadeh A, Padyab M, Hu FB, Willett WC. Soy inclusion in the diet improves features of the metabolic syndrome: a randomized crossover study in postmenopausal women. Am J Clin Nutr. 2007 Mar;85(3):735-41. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/85.3.735.

  PMID: 17344494 BACKGROUND

• Bartoli G, Menegaz G, Lisi M, Di Stolfo G, Dragoni S, Gori T. Model-based analysis of flow-mediated dilation and intima-media thickness. Int J Biomed Imaging. 2008;2008:738545. doi: 10.1155/2008/738545. Epub 2009 Apr 6.

  PMID: 19360110 BACKGROUND

• Bitto A, Altavilla D, Bonaiuto A, Polito F, Minutoli L, Di Stefano V, Giuliani D, Guarini S, Arcoraci V, Squadrito F. Effects of aglycone genistein in a rat experimental model of postmenopausal metabolic syndrome. J Endocrinol. 2009 Mar;200(3):367-76. doi: 10.1677/JOE-08-0206. Epub 2008 Dec 9.

  PMID: 19066292 BACKGROUND

• Cassidy A, Brown JE, Hawdon A, Faughnan MS, King LJ, Millward J, Zimmer-Nechemias L, Wolfe B, Setchell KD. Factors affecting the bioavailability of soy isoflavones in humans after ingestion of physiologically relevant levels from different soy foods. J Nutr. 2006 Jan;136(1):45-51. doi: 10.1093/jn/136.1.45.

  PMID: 16365057 BACKGROUND

• Charles C, Yuskavage J, Carlson O, John M, Tagalicud AS, Maggio M, Muller DC, Egan J, Basaria S. Effects of high-dose isoflavones on metabolic and inflammatory markers in healthy postmenopausal women. Menopause. 2009 Mar-Apr;16(2):395-400. doi: 10.1097/gme.0b013e3181857979.

  PMID: 18981951 BACKGROUND

• Corretti MC, Anderson TJ, Benjamin EJ, Celermajer D, Charbonneau F, Creager MA, Deanfield J, Drexler H, Gerhard-Herman M, Herrington D, Vallance P, Vita J, Vogel R; International Brachial Artery Reactivity Task Force. Guidelines for the ultrasound assessment of endothelial-dependent flow-mediated vasodilation of the brachial artery: a report of the International Brachial Artery Reactivity Task Force. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2002 Jan 16;39(2):257-65. doi: 10.1016/s0735-1097(01)01746-6.

  PMID: 11788217 BACKGROUND

• de Kleijn MJ, van der Schouw YT, Wilson PW, Grobbee DE, Jacques PF. Dietary intake of phytoestrogens is associated with a favorable metabolic cardiovascular risk profile in postmenopausal U.S.women: the Framingham study. J Nutr. 2002 Feb;132(2):276-82. doi: 10.1093/jn/132.2.276.

  PMID: 11823590 BACKGROUND

• Donald AE, Halcox JP, Charakida M, Storry C, Wallace SM, Cole TJ, Friberg P, Deanfield JE. Methodological approaches to optimize reproducibility and power in clinical studies of flow-mediated dilation. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2008 May 20;51(20):1959-64. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2008.02.044.

  PMID: 18482664 BACKGROUND

• Grundy SM. Metabolic syndrome pandemic. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2008 Apr;28(4):629-36. doi: 10.1161/ATVBAHA.107.151092. Epub 2008 Jan 3.

  PMID: 18174459 BACKGROUND

• Hallund J, Bugel S, Tholstrup T, Ferrari M, Talbot D, Hall WL, Reimann M, Williams CM, Wiinberg N. Soya isoflavone-enriched cereal bars affect markers of endothelial function in postmenopausal women. Br J Nutr. 2006 Jun;95(6):1120-6. doi: 10.1079/bjn20061734.

  PMID: 16768834 BACKGROUND

• Kreijkamp-Kaspers S, Kok L, Bots ML, Grobbee DE, Lampe JW, van der Schouw YT. Randomized controlled trial of the effects of soy protein containing isoflavones on vascular function in postmenopausal women. Am J Clin Nutr. 2005 Jan;81(1):189-95. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/81.1.189.

  PMID: 15640479 BACKGROUND

• Kressel G, Trunz B, Bub A, Hulsmann O, Wolters M, Lichtinghagen R, Stichtenoth DO, Hahn A. Systemic and vascular markers of inflammation in relation to metabolic syndrome and insulin resistance in adults with elevated atherosclerosis risk. Atherosclerosis. 2009 Jan;202(1):263-71. doi: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2008.04.012. Epub 2008 Apr 20.

  PMID: 18501910 BACKGROUND

• Li SH, Liu XX, Bai YY, Wang XJ, Sun K, Chen JZ, Hui RT. Effect of oral isoflavone supplementation on vascular endothelial function in postmenopausal women: a meta-analysis of randomized placebo-controlled trials. Am J Clin Nutr. 2010 Feb;91(2):480-6. doi: 10.3945/ajcn.2009.28203. Epub 2009 Nov 18.

  PMID: 19923372 BACKGROUND

• Maskarinec G, Steude JS, Franke AA, Cooney RV. Inflammatory markers in a 2-year soy intervention among premenopausal women. J Inflamm (Lond). 2009 Apr 7;6:9. doi: 10.1186/1476-9255-6-9.

  PMID: 19348684 BACKGROUND

• Kelm M. Flow-mediated dilatation in human circulation: diagnostic and therapeutic aspects. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2002 Jan;282(1):H1-5. doi: 10.1152/ajpheart.2002.282.1.H1. No abstract available.

  PMID: 11748041 BACKGROUND

• Nasca MM, Zhou JR, Welty FK. Effect of soy nuts on adhesion molecules and markers of inflammation in hypertensive and normotensive postmenopausal women. Am J Cardiol. 2008 Jul 1;102(1):84-6. doi: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2008.02.100. Epub 2008 Apr 16.

  PMID: 18572041 BACKGROUND

• Pipe EA, Gobert CP, Capes SE, Darlington GA, Lampe JW, Duncan AM. Soy protein reduces serum LDL cholesterol and the LDL cholesterol:HDL cholesterol and apolipoprotein B:apolipoprotein A-I ratios in adults with type 2 diabetes. J Nutr. 2009 Sep;139(9):1700-6. doi: 10.3945/jn.109.109595. Epub 2009 Jul 15.

  PMID: 19605528 BACKGROUND

• Potenza MV, Mechanick JI. The metabolic syndrome: definition, global impact, and pathophysiology. Nutr Clin Pract. 2009 Oct-Nov;24(5):560-77. doi: 10.1177/0884533609342436.

  PMID: 19841245 BACKGROUND

• Setchell KD, Brown NM, Lydeking-Olsen E. The clinical importance of the metabolite equol-a clue to the effectiveness of soy and its isoflavones. J Nutr. 2002 Dec;132(12):3577-84. doi: 10.1093/jn/132.12.3577.

  PMID: 12468591 BACKGROUND

• Thorp AA, Howe PR, Mori TA, Coates AM, Buckley JD, Hodgson J, Mansour J, Meyer BJ. Soy food consumption does not lower LDL cholesterol in either equol or nonequol producers. Am J Clin Nutr. 2008 Aug;88(2):298-304. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/88.2.298.

  PMID: 18689364 BACKGROUND

• Rufer CE, Maul R, Donauer E, Fabian EJ, Kulling SE. In vitro and in vivo metabolism of the soy isoflavone glycitein. Mol Nutr Food Res. 2007 Jul;51(7):813-23. doi: 10.1002/mnfr.200700013.

  PMID: 17579888 BACKGROUND

• Torres N, Torre-Villalvazo I, Tovar AR. Regulation of lipid metabolism by soy protein and its implication in diseases mediated by lipid disorders. J Nutr Biochem. 2006 Jun;17(6):365-73. doi: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2005.11.005. Epub 2005 Dec 5.

  PMID: 16481155 BACKGROUND

• van Ee JH. Soy constituents: modes of action in low-density lipoprotein management. Nutr Rev. 2009 Apr;67(4):222-34. doi: 10.1111/j.1753-4887.2009.00192.x.

  PMID: 19335716 BACKGROUND

• Welty FK, Lee KS, Lew NS, Zhou JR. Effect of soy nuts on blood pressure and lipid levels in hypertensive, prehypertensive, and normotensive postmenopausal women. Arch Intern Med. 2007 May 28;167(10):1060-7. doi: 10.1001/archinte.167.10.1060.

  PMID: 17533209 BACKGROUND

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Metabolic Syndrome

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Insulin Resistance; Hyperinsulinism; Glucose Metabolism Disorders; Metabolic Diseases; Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases

Study Officials

• Francene M Steinberg, PhD, RD

  UC Davis

  PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

Study Design

• Study Type: interventional
• Phase: not applicable
• Allocation: RANDOMIZED
• Masking: SINGLE
• Who Masked: OUTCOMES ASSESSOR
• Purpose: TREATMENT
• Intervention Model: CROSSOVER
• Sponsor Type: OTHER
• Responsible Party: SPONSOR

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: July 23, 2010
• First Posted: August 2, 2010
• Study Start: August 1, 2010
• Primary Completion: September 1, 2012
• Study Completion: September 1, 2012
• Last Updated: May 30, 2017

Record last verified: 2017-05

Locations

US (1)