Reward Processing in Cocaine Addiction

NCT01036074 | Completed

• 2 other identifiers: 99990539905-DA-N399
• Study Type: observational
• Target: 90
• Locations: 1 country
• Sites: 1

Brief Summary

Background: \- Cocaine affects the brain's ability to process information. However, different people respond to cocaine in different ways, and differences in brain structure and function may affect how cocaine alters brain activity. By using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to monitor brain activity during tasks that provide simple rewards, researchers hope to better understand how the brain responds to rewards and how this response is affected by drugs like cocaine. Objectives:

• To determine the effect of cocaine administration on the reward experience in cocaine-dependent individuals.
• To study genetic and personality factors that may contribute to cocaine dependence. Eligibility: \- Individuals between 18 and 45 years of age who either are cocaine-dependent and not seeking treatment or are healthy volunteers. Design:
• Participants will be asked to avoid consuming alcohol and restrict consumption of caffeine prior to the study. Participants provide urine and breath samples to be tested for chemicals that may interfere with the study.
• All participants will complete a training session and at least one fMRI scanning session. During the training session, participants will be introduced to the reward tasks and MRI equipment.
• Healthy volunteers will have a single fMRI session that will involve reward tasks to be completed during the scanning. Rewards will include small amounts of fruit juice and the opportunity to win money.
• Cocaine-dependent participants will have a training session and three experimental sessions including 1) a mock MRI scan to test cocaine tolerance, 2) one fMRI scan with reward tasks after administration of IV cocaine, and 3) one fMRI scan with reward tasks after administration of IV placebo (saline solution). Rewards will include small amounts of fruit juice and the opportunity to win money.
• In addition to the scans, participants will provide a blood sample for further study and will answer questionnaires provided by the researchers.

Conditions

Drug Abuse; Cocaine Dependence

Keywords

Drug Abuse; Cocaine; Cocaine Dependence; Functional MRI; Pharmalogical MRI; Conditioning

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 18 Years - 50 Years
• Sex: all
• Healthy Volunteers: No
• Age Groups: Adult (18-64)

You may qualify if:

• ALL PARTICIPANTS
• Participants in both groups must be:
• Generally healthy.
• Right handed.
• Males or non-pregnant/non-lactating females.
• Between the ages of 18-45, for cocaine dependent participants; 18-50 for control participants.
• Cocaine-dependent participants must also:
• Meet DSM-IV criteria for dependence at the time of participation.
• Be positive for cocaine use in their urine toxicology screen either at their screening visit or on another occasion prior to their entry to the study (please note that this could be as late as the day of study entry).
• Use either injection or smoking as their primary route of cocaine administration.

You may not qualify if:

• ALL PARTICIPANTS
• Participants in both groups will be excluded from participation in this study if they:
• Are unable to undergo MRI scanning due to pregnancy, implanted metallic devices (e.g. cardiac pacemaker or neurostimulator; some artificial joints metal pins; surgical clips; or other implanted metal parts), or claustrophobia.
• Suffer from any major medical illness that may effect central nervous function including (but not limited to): hypertension; clinically significant arrhythmia; cardiovascular disease; asthma; diabetes; peripheral vascular diseases; coagulopathies; history of superficial or deep vein thrombosis; HIV; or syphilis.
• Have any neurological illnesses including (but not limited to): seizure disorders; migraine; multiple sclerosis; movement disorders; or history of head trauma, CVA, or CNS tumor.
• Have a history of syncope
• Have an estimated IQ of \< 85
• Are lactating or pregnant
• Are currently taking any psychoactive or vasoactive medication(s).
• Meet DSM-IV criteria for dependence on alcohol or marijuana. Recreational use of alcohol and/or marijuana will be tolerated in all participants as will nicotine dependence.
• COCAINE-DEPENDENT PARTICIPANTS
• Cocaine-dependent individuals will also be excluded from participation if:
• They have any current or previous history of any major psychiatric disorder other than cocaine dependence, including but not limited to mood, anxiety and psychotic disorders.
• They have current dependence on any substance of abuse, other than cocaine or nicotine. However, current or past co-morbid abuse of alcohol, marijuana and past dependence on other substances of abuse will be tolerated in this group.
• They have a history of adverse reaction to cocaine, such as cardiac arrhythmia or chest pain.

Sponsors & Collaborators

• National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA): lead
• National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH): collaborator

Study Sites (1)

National Institute on Drug Abuse, Biomedical Research Center (BRC)

Baltimore, Maryland, 21224, United States

Location

Related Publications (3)

• Akil M, Kolachana BS, Rothmond DA, Hyde TM, Weinberger DR, Kleinman JE. Catechol-O-methyltransferase genotype and dopamine regulation in the human brain. J Neurosci. 2003 Mar 15;23(6):2008-13. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.23-06-02008.2003.

  PMID: 12657658 BACKGROUND

• Bagby RM, Parker JD, Taylor GJ. The twenty-item Toronto Alexithymia Scale--I. Item selection and cross-validation of the factor structure. J Psychosom Res. 1994 Jan;38(1):23-32. doi: 10.1016/0022-3999(94)90005-1.

  PMID: 8126686 BACKGROUND

• Balster RL, Schuster CR. Fixed-interval schedule of cocaine reinforcement: effect of dose and infusion duration. J Exp Anal Behav. 1973 Jul;20(1):119-29. doi: 10.1901/jeab.1973.20-119.

  PMID: 4197505 BACKGROUND

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Substance-Related Disorders; Cocaine-Related Disorders

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Chemically-Induced Disorders; Mental Disorders

Study Officials

• Elliot Stein, Ph.D.

  National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA)

  PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

Study Design

• Study Type: observational
• Sponsor Type: NIH

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: December 18, 2009
• First Posted: December 21, 2009
• Study Start: March 17, 2005
• Study Completion: April 8, 2013
• Last Updated: December 17, 2019

Record last verified: 2013-04-08

Locations

US (1)