NCT00734539

Brief Summary

The most common etiology of infection-related death or neurodevelopmental impairment in neonates with birthweight \<750 g is invasive candidiasis. Over 70% of the premature neonates who develop invasive candidiasis will die or suffer severe, permanent neurologic impairment. Fluconazole has been commonly used off-label in the neonatal intensive care unit, but definitive recommendations for its use in the nursery have been hampered by the limited number of well-designed trials. In neonates weighing \<750 g, appropriate dosing is not known, definitive safety and long-term follow up trials have not been completed, and there have not been well-powered trials conducted to establish the efficacy of the product using mortality as part of the primary endpoint. Three recent proof-of-concept studies suggest that fluconazole will be safe and effective, and a recently completed pharmacokinetic study is providing data to give preliminary dosing guidance. The next logical step in drug development is proposed by this research: to conduct a pivotal trial to determine the safety and efficacy of fluconazole in premature neonates with 2-year neurodevelopmental follow-up assessment. 362 neonates, with a birthweight \<750g, were randomized at 33 US centers, to twice weekly fluconazole (6 mg/kg) or placebo for the first 6 weeks of life. The primary efficacy endpoint will be Candida-free survival at study day 49. The research will establish definitive dosing, safety, and efficacy of fluconazole; it will also provide critical information on the effects of fluconazole on neurodevelopmental impairment and antifungal resistance. Potential Impact: Approximately 17,000 neonates are born \<750 grams each year in the United States. Over 5000 will die or develop invasive Candida infections. Demonstrating safety and efficacy of fluconazole in preterm neonates will improve the survivability and long term outcomes for these neonates.

Trial Health

87
On Track

Trial Health Score

Automated assessment based on enrollment pace, timeline, and geographic reach

Enrollment
362

participants targeted

Target at P50-P75 for phase_3

Timeline
Completed

Started Nov 2008

Typical duration for phase_3

Geographic Reach
1 country

33 active sites

Status
completed

Health score is calculated from publicly available data and should be used for screening purposes only.

Trial Relationships

Click on a node to explore related trials.

Study Timeline

Key milestones and dates

First Submitted

Initial submission to the registry

August 13, 2008

Completed
1 day until next milestone

First Posted

Study publicly available on registry

August 14, 2008

Completed
3 months until next milestone

Study Start

First participant enrolled

November 1, 2008

Completed
3.1 years until next milestone

Primary Completion

Last participant's last visit for primary outcome

December 1, 2011

Completed
1.3 years until next milestone

Study Completion

Last participant's last visit for all outcomes

April 1, 2013

Completed
1.3 years until next milestone

Results Posted

Study results publicly available

July 17, 2014

Completed
Last Updated

March 1, 2019

Status Verified

February 1, 2019

Enrollment Period

3.1 years

First QC Date

August 13, 2008

Results QC Date

June 17, 2014

Last Update Submit

February 14, 2019

Conditions

Keywords

CandidaNeonateFluconazoleProphylaxisColonizationResistance

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (1)

  • Death or Candidiasis

    The primary endpoint for the study is death or candidiasis. 1. Death prior to study day 49. 2. Candidiasis prior to study day 49 1. Definite: isolation of Candida from normally sterile body fluid (blood, CSF, urine \[obtained via sterile catheterization or suprapubic tap\], peritoneal fluid). 2. Probable: i. \> 5 days of consecutive antifungal therapy AND both: ii. Thrombocytopenia \<150,000/mm3 iii. Positive Candida culture from nonsterile site (ETS, bag urine)

    study day 49

Secondary Outcomes (11)

  • Neurodevelopmental Impairment

    18-22 months corrected gestational age

  • Candidiasis

    prior to hospital discharge, up to 15 ½ months

  • Stage II or Higher Necrotizing Enterocolitis

    prior to hospital discharge, up to 15 ½ months

  • Focal Intestinal Perforation

    prior to hospital discharge, up to 15 ½ months

  • Chronic Lung Disease

    36 weeks corrected gestational age

  • +6 more secondary outcomes

Study Arms (2)

1

EXPERIMENTAL

fluconazole 6mg/kg IV or PO twice weekly for 6 weeks

Drug: fluconazole

2

PLACEBO COMPARATOR

Placebo IV or PO twice weekly for 6 weeks

Drug: placebo

Interventions

6mg/kg IV/PO twice weekly for a total of up to 12-13 doses

Also known as: Diflucan
1

normal saline (IV) or 3 parts Ora Plus oral suspension vehicle and 1 part simethicone suspension (PO): will be given twice weekly PO/IV for a total of up to 12-13 doses

2

Eligibility Criteria

Age2 Days - 5 Days
Sexall
Healthy VolunteersNo
Age GroupsChild (0-17)

You may qualify if:

  • Informed consent from the legally authorized representative.
  • \> 48 hours of age and \< 120 hours old at time of first drug administration
  • \< 750 g birth weight
  • Negative blood cultures for Candida

You may not qualify if:

  • History of a hypersensitivity or severe vasomotor reaction to any azole
  • receiving antifungal therapy for suspected/proven invasive fungal infection
  • medical condition, in the opinion of the Investigator, may create an unacceptable additional risk
  • diagnosed with invasive candidiasis or congenital Candida infection.
  • liver failure (AST and ALT \> 250 U/L)
  • renal failure (creatinine \> 2 mg/dL)
  • major lethal congenital or genetic anomalies
  • triplet or higher multiple gestations

Contact the study team to confirm eligibility.

Sponsors & Collaborators

Study Sites (33)

University of Alabama at Birmingham

Birmingham, Alabama, 35233, United States

Location

University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences

Little Rock, Arkansas, 72202, United States

Location

Arkansas Childrens Hospital

Little Rock, Arkansas, 72205, United States

Location

Children's Hospital of Orange County

Orange, California, 92868, United States

Location

University of California-San Diego

San Diego, California, 92103, United States

Location

University of Florida

Gainesville, Florida, 32610, United States

Location

Baptist Medical Center

Jacksonville, Florida, 32209, United States

Location

Shands Jacksonville Medical Center

Jacksonville, Florida, 32209, United States

Location

University of Miami

Miami, Florida, 33136, United States

Location

Riley Hospital

Indianapolis, Indiana, 46601, United States

Location

Memorial Hospital

South Bend, Indiana, 46601, United States

Location

Wesley Medical Center

Wichita, Kansas, 67214, United States

Location

Kosair Children's Hospital

Louisville, Kentucky, 40202, United States

Location

Tulane University School of Medicine

New Orleans, Louisiana, 70112, United States

Location

Wayne State University

Detroit, Michigan, 48201, United States

Location

University of Minnesota, Fairview Medical Center

Minneapolis, Minnesota, 55455, United States

Location

University of Nevada School of Medicine

Las Vegas, Nevada, 89109, United States

Location

West Jersey Hospital - Voorhees

Voorhees Township, New Jersey, 08043, United States

Location

Brookdale University Medical Center

Brooklyn, New York, 11203, United States

Location

Kings County Hospital Center

Brooklyn, New York, 11203, United States

Location

SUNY Dowstate Medical Center

Brooklyn, New York, 11203, United States

Location

Columbia University Medical Center

New York, New York, 10032, United States

Location

Duke University Medical Center

Durham, North Carolina, 27705, United States

Location

Pitt County Memorial Hospital

Greenville, North Carolina, 27834, United States

Location

Akron Children's Hospital

Akron, Ohio, 44313, United States

Location

Oregon Health Sciences Center

Portland, Oregon, 97201, United States

Location

Pennsylvania Hospital

Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19107, United States

Location

University of Tennessee

Memphis, Tennessee, 38130, United States

Location

Parkland Memorial Hospital

Dallas, Texas, 75235, United States

Location

Cooks Children's Medical Center

Fort Worth, Texas, 76104, United States

Location

University of Texas Medical Branch

Galveston, Texas, 77555, United States

Location

Texas Children's Hospital/Baylor College of Medicine

Houston, Texas, 77030, United States

Location

University of Texas - Houston

Houston, Texas, 77030, United States

Location

Related Publications (2)

  • Benjamin DK Jr, Hudak ML, Duara S, Randolph DA, Bidegain M, Mundakel GT, Natarajan G, Burchfield DJ, White RD, Shattuck KE, Neu N, Bendel CM, Kim MR, Finer NN, Stewart DL, Arrieta AC, Wade KC, Kaufman DA, Manzoni P, Prather KO, Testoni D, Berezny KY, Smith PB; Fluconazole Prophylaxis Study Team. Effect of fluconazole prophylaxis on candidiasis and mortality in premature infants: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA. 2014 May 7;311(17):1742-9. doi: 10.1001/jama.2014.2624.

  • Moran C, Smith PB, Cohen-Wolkowiez M, Benjamin DK Jr. Clinical trial design in neonatal pharmacology: effect of center differences, with lessons from the Pediatric Oncology Cooperative Research experience. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2009 Dec;86(6):589-91. doi: 10.1038/clpt.2009.175.

MeSH Terms

Conditions

CandidiasisTorulopsis

Interventions

Fluconazole

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

MycosesBacterial Infections and MycosesInfections

Intervention Hierarchy (Ancestors)

TriazolesAzolesHeterocyclic Compounds, 1-RingHeterocyclic Compounds

Results Point of Contact

Title
Daniel K. Benjamin Jr
Organization
Duke Univiersity Medical Center

Study Officials

  • Daniel K Benjamin, MD MPH PhD

    Duke Univerisity Medical Center, Duke Clinical Research Institute

    PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

Publication Agreements

PI is Sponsor Employee
Yes

Study Design

Study Type
interventional
Phase
phase 3
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Masking
QUADRUPLE
Who Masked
PARTICIPANT, CARE PROVIDER, INVESTIGATOR, OUTCOMES ASSESSOR
Purpose
PREVENTION
Intervention Model
PARALLEL
Sponsor Type
OTHER
Responsible Party
SPONSOR INVESTIGATOR
PI Title
Professor of Pediatrics

Study Record Dates

First Submitted

August 13, 2008

First Posted

August 14, 2008

Study Start

November 1, 2008

Primary Completion

December 1, 2011

Study Completion

April 1, 2013

Last Updated

March 1, 2019

Results First Posted

July 17, 2014

Record last verified: 2019-02

Data Sharing

IPD Sharing
Will share

In December 2018, after receiving IRB's approval, the team submitted the de-identified study dataset and redacted study documents to the NICHD Data and Specimen Hub (DASH).

Shared Documents
STUDY PROTOCOL, SAP, CSR
Time Frame
DASH was published in December 2018. DASH is managed by NICHD for future research.
Access Criteria
DASH is managed by NICHD.
More information

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