NCT00494169

Brief Summary

The aims of this study are: 1) to identify genes that play a role in human pubertal development and reproduction, 2) to characterize the phenotypic spectrum of patients with these gene defects, and 3) to discern the mode of inheritance for disorders caused by these gene defects. We are specifically interested in genes that cause Kallmann syndrome, idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (IHH), precocious (early) puberty, and delayed puberty. Individuals do not have to travel to Boston to participate in this study.

Trial Health

87
On Track

Trial Health Score

Automated assessment based on enrollment pace, timeline, and geographic reach

Enrollment
4,042

participants targeted

Target at P75+ for all trials

Timeline
Completed

Started Jan 1999

Longer than P75 for all trials

Geographic Reach
1 country

1 active site

Status
completed

Health score is calculated from publicly available data and should be used for screening purposes only.

Trial Relationships

Click on a node to explore related trials.

Study Timeline

Key milestones and dates

Study Start

First participant enrolled

January 1, 1999

Completed
8.5 years until next milestone

First Submitted

Initial submission to the registry

June 28, 2007

Completed
1 day until next milestone

First Posted

Study publicly available on registry

June 29, 2007

Completed
14.6 years until next milestone

Primary Completion

Last participant's last visit for primary outcome

February 1, 2022

Completed
Same day until next milestone

Study Completion

Last participant's last visit for all outcomes

February 1, 2022

Completed
Last Updated

June 30, 2022

Status Verified

June 1, 2022

Enrollment Period

23.1 years

First QC Date

June 28, 2007

Last Update Submit

June 29, 2022

Conditions

Hypogonadotropic HypogonadismKallmann SyndromePuberty, DelayedPuberty, PrecociousGnRH Deficiency

Keywords

Idiopathic Hypogonadotropic HypogonadismKallmann SyndromePubertyPituitary AbnormalitiesHypothalamusGnRH deficiency

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (1)

  • Identification of DNA abnormalities

    5/2015

Eligibility Criteria

Sexall
Healthy VolunteersNo
Age GroupsChild (0-17), Adult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)
Sampling MethodNon-Probability Sample
Study Population

Subjects who 1. fail to go through a normal, age-appropriate, spontaneous puberty, and abnormal hormone levels. 2. have abnormally early development of puberty (Precocious Puberty) 3. Family members of these patients.

You may qualify if:

  • Failure to go through a normal, age-appropriate, spontaneous puberty, and abnormal hormone levels OR
  • Children with abnormally early development of puberty (Precocious Puberty) OR
  • Family members of these patients.

You may not qualify if:

  • pituitary tumor
  • high prolactin levels

Contact the study team to confirm eligibility.

Sponsors & Collaborators

Study Sites (1)

Massachusetts General Hospital

Boston, Massachusetts, 02114, United States

Location

Related Publications (38)

  • Kallmann FJ, Schoenfeld WA. The genetic aspects of primary eunuchoidism. American Journal of Mental Deficiency 158:203-236, 1944.

    BACKGROUND

  • Franco B, Guioli S, Pragliola A, Incerti B, Bardoni B, Tonlorenzi R, Carrozzo R, Maestrini E, Pieretti M, Taillon-Miller P, Brown CJ, Willard HF, Lawrence C, Graziella Persico M, Camerino G, Ballabio A. A gene deleted in Kallmann's syndrome shares homology with neural cell adhesion and axonal path-finding molecules. Nature. 1991 Oct 10;353(6344):529-36. doi: 10.1038/353529a0.

    PMID: 1922361BACKGROUND

  • Legouis R, Hardelin JP, Levilliers J, Claverie JM, Compain S, Wunderle V, Millasseau P, Le Paslier D, Cohen D, Caterina D, et al. The candidate gene for the X-linked Kallmann syndrome encodes a protein related to adhesion molecules. Cell. 1991 Oct 18;67(2):423-35. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(91)90193-3.

    PMID: 1913827BACKGROUND

  • Burris TP, Guo W, McCabe ER. The gene responsible for adrenal hypoplasia congenita, DAX-1, encodes a nuclear hormone receptor that defines a new class within the superfamily. Recent Prog Horm Res. 1996;51:241-59; discussion 259-60.

    PMID: 8701082BACKGROUND

  • de Roux N, Young J, Misrahi M, Genet R, Chanson P, Schaison G, Milgrom E. A family with hypogonadotropic hypogonadism and mutations in the gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor. N Engl J Med. 1997 Nov 27;337(22):1597-602. doi: 10.1056/NEJM199711273372205. No abstract available.

    PMID: 9371856BACKGROUND

  • Layman LC, Cohen DP, Jin M, Xie J, Li Z, Reindollar RH, Bolbolan S, Bick DP, Sherins RR, Duck LW, Musgrove LC, Sellers JC, Neill JD. Mutations in gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor gene cause hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. Nat Genet. 1998 Jan;18(1):14-5. doi: 10.1038/ng0198-14. No abstract available.

    PMID: 9425890BACKGROUND

  • Crowley WF Jr, Pitteloud N, Seminara S. New genes controlling human reproduction and how you find them. Trans Am Clin Climatol Assoc. 2008;119:29-37; discussion 37-8.

    PMID: 18596868BACKGROUND

  • Balasubramanian R, Plummer L, Sidis Y, Pitteloud N, Martin C, Zhou QY, Crowley WF Jr. The puzzles of the prokineticin 2 pathway in human reproduction. Mol Cell Endocrinol. 2011 Oct 22;346(1-2):44-50. doi: 10.1016/j.mce.2011.05.040. Epub 2011 Jun 1.

    PMID: 21664414BACKGROUND

  • Au MG, Crowley WF Jr, Buck CL. Genetic counseling for isolated GnRH deficiency. Mol Cell Endocrinol. 2011 Oct 22;346(1-2):102-9. doi: 10.1016/j.mce.2011.05.041. Epub 2011 Jun 1.

    PMID: 21664415BACKGROUND

  • Pitteloud N, Meysing A, Quinton R, Acierno JS Jr, Dwyer AA, Plummer L, Fliers E, Boepple P, Hayes F, Seminara S, Hughes VA, Ma J, Bouloux P, Mohammadi M, Crowley WF Jr. Mutations in fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 cause Kallmann syndrome with a wide spectrum of reproductive phenotypes. Mol Cell Endocrinol. 2006 Jul 25;254-255:60-9. doi: 10.1016/j.mce.2006.04.021. Epub 2006 Jun 9.

    PMID: 16764984RESULT

  • Pallais JC, Bo-Abbas Y, Pitteloud N, Crowley WF Jr, Seminara SB. Neuroendocrine, gonadal, placental, and obstetric phenotypes in patients with IHH and mutations in the G-protein coupled receptor, GPR54. Mol Cell Endocrinol. 2006 Jul 25;254-255:70-7. doi: 10.1016/j.mce.2006.04.019. Epub 2006 Jun 6.

    PMID: 16757106RESULT

  • Pitteloud N, Acierno JS Jr, Meysing A, Eliseenkova AV, Ma J, Ibrahimi OA, Metzger DL, Hayes FJ, Dwyer AA, Hughes VA, Yialamas M, Hall JE, Grant E, Mohammadi M, Crowley WF Jr. Mutations in fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 cause both Kallmann syndrome and normosmic idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 Apr 18;103(16):6281-6. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0600962103. Epub 2006 Apr 10.

    PMID: 16606836RESULT

  • Pitteloud N, Acierno JS Jr, Meysing AU, Dwyer AA, Hayes FJ, Crowley WF Jr. Reversible kallmann syndrome, delayed puberty, and isolated anosmia occurring in a single family with a mutation in the fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 gene. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2005 Mar;90(3):1317-22. doi: 10.1210/jc.2004-1361. Epub 2004 Dec 21.

    PMID: 15613419RESULT

  • Teles MG, Bianco SD, Brito VN, Trarbach EB, Kuohung W, Xu S, Seminara SB, Mendonca BB, Kaiser UB, Latronico AC. A GPR54-activating mutation in a patient with central precocious puberty. N Engl J Med. 2008 Feb 14;358(7):709-15. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa073443.

    PMID: 18272894RESULT

  • Cerrato F, Seminara SB. Human genetics of GPR54. Rev Endocr Metab Disord. 2007 Mar;8(1):47-55. doi: 10.1007/s11154-007-9027-3.

    PMID: 17334928RESULT

  • Pitteloud N, Zhang C, Pignatelli D, Li JD, Raivio T, Cole LW, Plummer L, Jacobson-Dickman EE, Mellon PL, Zhou QY, Crowley WF Jr. Loss-of-function mutation in the prokineticin 2 gene causes Kallmann syndrome and normosmic idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007 Oct 30;104(44):17447-52. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0707173104. Epub 2007 Oct 24.

    PMID: 17959774RESULT

  • Cerrato F, Shagoury J, Kralickova M, Dwyer A, Falardeau J, Ozata M, Van Vliet G, Bouloux P, Hall JE, Hayes FJ, Pitteloud N, Martin KA, Welt C, Seminara SB. Coding sequence analysis of GNRHR and GPR54 in patients with congenital and adult-onset forms of hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. Eur J Endocrinol. 2006 Nov;155 Suppl 1:S3-S10. doi: 10.1530/eje.1.02235.

    PMID: 17074994RESULT

  • Bo-Abbas Y, Acierno JS Jr, Shagoury JK, Crowley WF Jr, Seminara SB. Autosomal recessive idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism: genetic analysis excludes mutations in the gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) and GnRH receptor genes. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2003 Jun;88(6):2730-7. doi: 10.1210/jc.2002-021948.

    PMID: 12788881RESULT

  • Seminara SB, Messager S, Chatzidaki EE, Thresher RR, Acierno JS Jr, Shagoury JK, Bo-Abbas Y, Kuohung W, Schwinof KM, Hendrick AG, Zahn D, Dixon J, Kaiser UB, Slaugenhaupt SA, Gusella JF, O'Rahilly S, Carlton MB, Crowley WF Jr, Aparicio SA, Colledge WH. The GPR54 gene as a regulator of puberty. N Engl J Med. 2003 Oct 23;349(17):1614-27. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa035322.

    PMID: 14573733RESULT

  • Jongmans MC, van Ravenswaaij-Arts CM, Pitteloud N, Ogata T, Sato N, Claahsen-van der Grinten HL, van der Donk K, Seminara S, Bergman JE, Brunner HG, Crowley WF Jr, Hoefsloot LH. CHD7 mutations in patients initially diagnosed with Kallmann syndrome--the clinical overlap with CHARGE syndrome. Clin Genet. 2009 Jan;75(1):65-71. doi: 10.1111/j.1399-0004.2008.01107.x. Epub 2008 Nov 17.

    PMID: 19021638RESULT

  • Chan YM, de Guillebon A, Lang-Muritano M, Plummer L, Cerrato F, Tsiaras S, Gaspert A, Lavoie HB, Wu CH, Crowley WF Jr, Amory JK, Pitteloud N, Seminara SB. GNRH1 mutations in patients with idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2009 Jul 14;106(28):11703-8. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0903449106. Epub 2009 Jun 30.

    PMID: 19567835RESULT

  • Gianetti E, Tusset C, Noel SD, Au MG, Dwyer AA, Hughes VA, Abreu AP, Carroll J, Trarbach E, Silveira LF, Costa EM, de Mendonca BB, de Castro M, Lofrano A, Hall JE, Bolu E, Ozata M, Quinton R, Amory JK, Stewart SE, Arlt W, Cole TR, Crowley WF, Kaiser UB, Latronico AC, Seminara SB. TAC3/TACR3 mutations reveal preferential activation of gonadotropin-releasing hormone release by neurokinin B in neonatal life followed by reversal in adulthood. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2010 Jun;95(6):2857-67. doi: 10.1210/jc.2009-2320. Epub 2010 Mar 23.

    PMID: 20332248RESULT

  • Sykiotis GP, Pitteloud N, Seminara SB, Kaiser UB, Crowley WF Jr. Deciphering genetic disease in the genomic era: the model of GnRH deficiency. Sci Transl Med. 2010 May 19;2(32):32rv2. doi: 10.1126/scitranslmed.3000288.

    PMID: 20484732RESULT

  • Sykiotis GP, Plummer L, Hughes VA, Au M, Durrani S, Nayak-Young S, Dwyer AA, Quinton R, Hall JE, Gusella JF, Seminara SB, Crowley WF Jr, Pitteloud N. Oligogenic basis of isolated gonadotropin-releasing hormone deficiency. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2010 Aug 24;107(34):15140-4. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1009622107. Epub 2010 Aug 9.

    PMID: 20696889RESULT

  • Martin C, Balasubramanian R, Dwyer AA, Au MG, Sidis Y, Kaiser UB, Seminara SB, Pitteloud N, Zhou QY, Crowley WF Jr. The role of the prokineticin 2 pathway in human reproduction: evidence from the study of human and murine gene mutations. Endocr Rev. 2011 Apr;32(2):225-46. doi: 10.1210/er.2010-0007. Epub 2010 Oct 29.

    PMID: 21037178RESULT

  • Shaw ND, Seminara SB, Welt CK, Au MG, Plummer L, Hughes VA, Dwyer AA, Martin KA, Quinton R, Mericq V, Merino PM, Gusella JF, Crowley WF Jr, Pitteloud N, Hall JE. Expanding the phenotype and genotype of female GnRH deficiency. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2011 Mar;96(3):E566-76. doi: 10.1210/jc.2010-2292. Epub 2011 Jan 5.

    PMID: 21209029RESULT

  • Caronia LM, Martin C, Welt CK, Sykiotis GP, Quinton R, Thambundit A, Avbelj M, Dhruvakumar S, Plummer L, Hughes VA, Seminara SB, Boepple PA, Sidis Y, Crowley WF Jr, Martin KA, Hall JE, Pitteloud N. A genetic basis for functional hypothalamic amenorrhea. N Engl J Med. 2011 Jan 20;364(3):215-25. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa0911064.

    PMID: 21247312RESULT

  • Tornberg J, Sykiotis GP, Keefe K, Plummer L, Hoang X, Hall JE, Quinton R, Seminara SB, Hughes V, Van Vliet G, Van Uum S, Crowley WF, Habuchi H, Kimata K, Pitteloud N, Bulow HE. Heparan sulfate 6-O-sulfotransferase 1, a gene involved in extracellular sugar modifications, is mutated in patients with idiopathic hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2011 Jul 12;108(28):11524-9. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1102284108. Epub 2011 Jun 23.

    PMID: 21700882RESULT

  • Lewkowitz-Shpuntoff HM, Hughes VA, Plummer L, Au MG, Doty RL, Seminara SB, Chan YM, Pitteloud N, Crowley WF Jr, Balasubramanian R. Olfactory phenotypic spectrum in idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism: pathophysiological and genetic implications. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2012 Jan;97(1):E136-44. doi: 10.1210/jc.2011-2041. Epub 2011 Nov 9.

    PMID: 22072740RESULT

  • Gianetti E, Hall JE, Au MG, Kaiser UB, Quinton R, Stewart JA, Metzger DL, Pitteloud N, Mericq V, Merino PM, Levitsky LL, Izatt L, Lang-Muritano M, Fujimoto VY, Dluhy RG, Chase ML, Crowley WF Jr, Plummer L, Seminara SB. When genetic load does not correlate with phenotypic spectrum: lessons from the GnRH receptor (GNRHR). J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2012 Sep;97(9):E1798-807. doi: 10.1210/jc.2012-1264. Epub 2012 Jun 28.

    PMID: 22745237RESULT

  • Avbelj Stefanija M, Jeanpierre M, Sykiotis GP, Young J, Quinton R, Abreu AP, Plummer L, Au MG, Balasubramanian R, Dwyer AA, Florez JC, Cheetham T, Pearce SH, Purushothaman R, Schinzel A, Pugeat M, Jacobson-Dickman EE, Ten S, Latronico AC, Gusella JF, Dode C, Crowley WF Jr, Pitteloud N. An ancient founder mutation in PROKR2 impairs human reproduction. Hum Mol Genet. 2012 Oct 1;21(19):4314-24. doi: 10.1093/hmg/dds264. Epub 2012 Jul 5.

    PMID: 22773735RESULT

  • Chew S, Balasubramanian R, Chan WM, Kang PB, Andrews C, Webb BD, MacKinnon SE, Oystreck DT, Rankin J, Crawford TO, Geraghty M, Pomeroy SL, Crowley WF Jr, Jabs EW, Hunter DG, Grant PE, Engle EC. A novel syndrome caused by the E410K amino acid substitution in the neuronal beta-tubulin isotype 3. Brain. 2013 Feb;136(Pt 2):522-35. doi: 10.1093/brain/aws345. Epub 2013 Jan 31.

    PMID: 23378218RESULT

  • Costa-Barbosa FA, Balasubramanian R, Keefe KW, Shaw ND, Al-Tassan N, Plummer L, Dwyer AA, Buck CL, Choi JH, Seminara SB, Quinton R, Monies D, Meyer B, Hall JE, Pitteloud N, Crowley WF Jr. Prioritizing genetic testing in patients with Kallmann syndrome using clinical phenotypes. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2013 May;98(5):E943-53. doi: 10.1210/jc.2012-4116. Epub 2013 Mar 26.

    PMID: 23533228RESULT

  • Miraoui H, Dwyer AA, Sykiotis GP, Plummer L, Chung W, Feng B, Beenken A, Clarke J, Pers TH, Dworzynski P, Keefe K, Niedziela M, Raivio T, Crowley WF Jr, Seminara SB, Quinton R, Hughes VA, Kumanov P, Young J, Yialamas MA, Hall JE, Van Vliet G, Chanoine JP, Rubenstein J, Mohammadi M, Tsai PS, Sidis Y, Lage K, Pitteloud N. Mutations in FGF17, IL17RD, DUSP6, SPRY4, and FLRT3 are identified in individuals with congenital hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. Am J Hum Genet. 2013 May 2;92(5):725-43. doi: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2013.04.008.

    PMID: 23643382RESULT

  • Salian-Mehta S, Xu M, Knox AJ, Plummer L, Slavov D, Taylor M, Bevers S, Hodges RS, Crowley WF Jr, Wierman ME. Functional consequences of AXL sequence variants in hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2014 Apr;99(4):1452-60. doi: 10.1210/jc.2013-3426. Epub 2014 Jan 29.

    PMID: 24476074RESULT

  • Delaney A, Burkholder AB, Lavender CA, Plummer L, Mericq V, Merino PM, Quinton R, Lewis KL, Meader BN, Albano A, Shaw ND, Welt CK, Martin KA, Seminara SB, Biesecker LG, Bailey-Wilson JE, Hall JE. Increased Burden of Rare Sequence Variants in GnRH-Associated Genes in Women With Hypothalamic Amenorrhea. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2021 Mar 8;106(3):e1441-e1452. doi: 10.1210/clinem/dgaa609.

    PMID: 32870266DERIVED

  • Lippincott MF, Leon S, Chan YM, Fergani C, Talbi R, Farooqi IS, Jones CM, Arlt W, Stewart SE, Cole TR, Terasawa E, Hall JE, Shaw ND, Navarro VM, Seminara SB. Hypothalamic Reproductive Endocrine Pulse Generator Activity Independent of Neurokinin B and Dynorphin Signaling. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2019 Oct 1;104(10):4304-4318. doi: 10.1210/jc.2019-00146.

    PMID: 31132118DERIVED

  • Raivio T, Avbelj M, McCabe MJ, Romero CJ, Dwyer AA, Tommiska J, Sykiotis GP, Gregory LC, Diaczok D, Tziaferi V, Elting MW, Padidela R, Plummer L, Martin C, Feng B, Zhang C, Zhou QY, Chen H, Mohammadi M, Quinton R, Sidis Y, Radovick S, Dattani MT, Pitteloud N. Genetic overlap in Kallmann syndrome, combined pituitary hormone deficiency, and septo-optic dysplasia. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2012 Apr;97(4):E694-9. doi: 10.1210/jc.2011-2938. Epub 2012 Feb 8.

    PMID: 22319038DERIVED

Biospecimen

Retention: SAMPLES WITH DNA

WBC are transformed into immortalized cell lines.

MeSH Terms

Conditions

HypogonadismKallmann SyndromePuberty, DelayedPuberty, PrecociousIdiopathic Hypogonadotropic Hypogonadism

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Gonadal DisordersEndocrine System DiseasesDisorder of Sex Development, 46,XYDisorders of Sex DevelopmentUrogenital AbnormalitiesFemale Urogenital DiseasesFemale Urogenital Diseases and Pregnancy ComplicationsUrogenital DiseasesMale Urogenital DiseasesCongenital AbnormalitiesCongenital, Hereditary, and Neonatal Diseases and AbnormalitiesGenetic Diseases, Inborn

Study Officials

  • Stephanie B Seminara, MD

    Massachusetts General Hospital

    PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

Study Design

Study Type
observational
Observational Model
CASE CONTROL
Time Perspective
CROSS SECTIONAL
Sponsor Type
OTHER
Responsible Party
PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
PI Title
Chief, Reproductive Endocrine Unit; Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School; Director, Harvard Reproductive Endocrine Sciences Center

Study Record Dates

First Submitted

June 28, 2007

First Posted

June 29, 2007

Study Start

January 1, 1999

Primary Completion

February 1, 2022

Study Completion

February 1, 2022

Last Updated

June 30, 2022

Record last verified: 2022-06

Locations

US(1)