NCT00490633

Brief Summary

Pharmaceutical interventions, particularly vaccination, have been the principal public health method of preventing and controlling seasonal influenza. Other less invasive non-pharmaceutical interventions include the use of face masks and hand hygiene. In Asia, masks are used extensively, especially in Japan, but with only circumstantial evidence of efficacy. Although there are numerous studies that support hand hygiene as an effective measure for decreasing transmission of enteric infections, there are fewer data assessing the effect of hand hygiene on respiratory illnesses. Therefore it is proposed that a study be conducted on the use of face masks with and without the use of hand hygiene in comparison to no intervention in residence housing units of the University of Michigan. The interventions will be carried out during a period of influenza transmission that is defined by surveillance conducted at the University Health Service. Data will be collected on use of the interventions and the occurrence of influenza and other illnesses. When illness occurs meeting a case definition, specimens for viral isolation will be collected in all intervention settings. Face masks could theoretically lead to a large reduction in transmission frequency of influenza, especially if most transmission occurs by the airborne (large or small droplet) route. Even a modest reduction could have a major effect during an influenza pandemic.

Trial Health

87
On Track

Trial Health Score

Automated assessment based on enrollment pace, timeline, and geographic reach

Enrollment
1,420

participants targeted

Target at P75+ for not_applicable

Timeline
Completed

Started Oct 2006

Geographic Reach
1 country

1 active site

Status
completed

Health score is calculated from publicly available data and should be used for screening purposes only.

Trial Relationships

Click on a node to explore related trials.

Study Timeline

Key milestones and dates

Study Start

First participant enrolled

October 1, 2006

Completed
9 months until next milestone

First Submitted

Initial submission to the registry

June 21, 2007

Completed
4 days until next milestone

First Posted

Study publicly available on registry

June 25, 2007

Completed
9 months until next milestone

Primary Completion

Last participant's last visit for primary outcome

April 1, 2008

Completed
Same day until next milestone

Study Completion

Last participant's last visit for all outcomes

April 1, 2008

Completed
Last Updated

August 19, 2011

Status Verified

June 1, 2007

Enrollment Period

1.5 years

First QC Date

June 21, 2007

Last Update Submit

August 18, 2011

Conditions

Keywords

InfluenzaNon Pharmaceutical InterventionFace MaskHand Hygiene

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (1)

  • Number of laboratory confirmed cases of Influenza

    8 weeks, including the 6 weeks of intervention and two weeks post-intervention

Secondary Outcomes (1)

  • Number of cases of Influenza Like Illness

    6 weeks of intervention

Study Arms (3)

Facemask and hand hygiene

EXPERIMENTAL

Facemask and hand hygiene provided for participants.

Behavioral: Ear Loop Procedure MaskBehavioral: 62% Ethyl Alcohol Hand Sanitizer

Facemask only

EXPERIMENTAL

Facemask only provided for participants.

Behavioral: Ear Loop Procedure Mask

Control

NO INTERVENTION

Control, no intervention.

Interventions

Facemasks were requested to be worn while participants were in the residence hall for year one, and while they were in residence halls for a minimum of six hours per day in year two.

Also known as: TECNOLâ„¢ procedure masks, Kimberly-Clark, Roswell GA
Facemask and hand hygieneFacemask only

Hand sanitizer was provided to participants in the facemask and hand hygiene arm for year one and year two of the study.

Also known as: Purell, 62% ethyl alcohol in a gel base
Facemask and hand hygiene

Eligibility Criteria

Age18 Years+
Sexall
Healthy VolunteersYes
Age GroupsAdult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)

You may qualify if:

  • Residence in selected University of Michigan Residence Halls

You may not qualify if:

  • Non-residence in selected Residence Halls
  • Unwillingness to utilize face mask and hand sanitizer and complete online surveys
  • Already study employee

Contact the study team to confirm eligibility.

Sponsors & Collaborators

Study Sites (1)

University of Michigan

Ann Arbor, Michigan, 48104, United States

Location

Related Publications (5)

  • Aiello AE, Murray GF, Perez V, Coulborn RM, Davis BM, Uddin M, Shay DK, Waterman SH, Monto AS. Mask use, hand hygiene, and seasonal influenza-like illness among young adults: a randomized intervention trial. J Infect Dis. 2010 Feb 15;201(4):491-8. doi: 10.1086/650396.

  • Jefferson T, Dooley L, Ferroni E, Al-Ansary LA, van Driel ML, Bawazeer GA, Jones MA, Hoffmann TC, Clark J, Beller EM, Glasziou PP, Conly JM. Physical interventions to interrupt or reduce the spread of respiratory viruses. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2023 Jan 30;1(1):CD006207. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD006207.pub6.

  • Jefferson T, Del Mar CB, Dooley L, Ferroni E, Al-Ansary LA, Bawazeer GA, van Driel ML, Jones MA, Thorning S, Beller EM, Clark J, Hoffmann TC, Glasziou PP, Conly JM. Physical interventions to interrupt or reduce the spread of respiratory viruses. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2020 Nov 20;11(11):CD006207. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD006207.pub5.

  • Aiello AE, Perez V, Coulborn RM, Davis BM, Uddin M, Monto AS. Facemasks, hand hygiene, and influenza among young adults: a randomized intervention trial. PLoS One. 2012;7(1):e29744. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0029744. Epub 2012 Jan 25.

  • Perez V, Uddin M, Galea S, Monto AS, Aiello AE. Stress, adherence to preventive measures for reducing influenza transmission and influenza-like illness. J Epidemiol Community Health. 2012 Jul;66(7):605-10. doi: 10.1136/jech.2010.117002. Epub 2011 Jan 10.

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Influenza, Human

Interventions

EthanolHand Sanitizers

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Respiratory Tract InfectionsInfectionsOrthomyxoviridae InfectionsRNA Virus InfectionsVirus DiseasesRespiratory Tract Diseases

Intervention Hierarchy (Ancestors)

AlcoholsOrganic ChemicalsAnti-Infective Agents, LocalAnti-Infective AgentsTherapeutic UsesPharmacologic ActionsChemical Actions and UsesDisinfectantsSpecialty Uses of Chemicals

Study Officials

  • Arnold S Monto, MD

    University of Michigan

    PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
  • Allison E Aiello, PhD

    University of Michigan

    PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

Study Design

Study Type
interventional
Phase
not applicable
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Masking
SINGLE
Who Masked
OUTCOMES ASSESSOR
Purpose
PREVENTION
Intervention Model
FACTORIAL
Sponsor Type
OTHER

Study Record Dates

First Submitted

June 21, 2007

First Posted

June 25, 2007

Study Start

October 1, 2006

Primary Completion

April 1, 2008

Study Completion

April 1, 2008

Last Updated

August 19, 2011

Record last verified: 2007-06

Locations