NCT00327860

Brief Summary

The Division of Kidney, Urologic, and Hematologic Diseases (DKUHD) of the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK), in collaboration with the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) and the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute (NHLBI) funded a cooperative agreement including two Clinical Coordinating Centers (at Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and at Children's Mercy Hospital in Kansas City), a central biochemistry laboratory (at the University of Minnesota) and a Data Coordinating Center (at Johns Hopkins School of Public Health) to conduct a prospective epidemiological study of children with chronic kidney disease (CKD).

Trial Health

77
On Track

Trial Health Score

Automated assessment based on enrollment pace, timeline, and geographic reach

Enrollment
1,300

participants targeted

Target at P75+ for all trials

Timeline
26mo left

Started Oct 2003

Longer than P75 for all trials

Geographic Reach
1 country

2 active sites

Status
recruiting

Health score is calculated from publicly available data and should be used for screening purposes only.

Trial Relationships

Click on a node to explore related trials.

Study Timeline

Key milestones and dates

Study Progress91%
Oct 2003Jul 2028

Study Start

First participant enrolled

October 1, 2003

Completed
2.6 years until next milestone

First Submitted

Initial submission to the registry

May 18, 2006

Completed
1 day until next milestone

First Posted

Study publicly available on registry

May 19, 2006

Completed
22.1 years until next milestone

Primary Completion

Last participant's last visit for primary outcome

July 1, 2028

Expected
Same day until next milestone

Study Completion

Last participant's last visit for all outcomes

July 1, 2028

Last Updated

April 17, 2026

Status Verified

April 1, 2026

Enrollment Period

24.8 years

First QC Date

May 18, 2006

Last Update Submit

April 14, 2026

Conditions

Chronic Kidney Disease

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (1)

  • Time to Kidney Replacement Therapy

    The time to Kidney Replacement Therapy (KRT) is assessed as the date of diagnosis to the date of KRT. The exact KRT date is self-reported by the participant and confirmed by medical record abstraction.

    Annually up to 5 years

Secondary Outcomes (2)

  • Decline in Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) ml/min

    Up to 25 years

  • Decline in GFR and risk of cardiovascular disease progression

    Up to 25 years

Study Arms (4)

Cohort 1

Age between 1 and 16 years (before 17th birthday) and estimated (based on SCr) Schwartz GFR between 30 and 90 ml/min\|1.73m2

Cohort 2

Age between 1 and 16 years (before 17th birthday), estimated GFR between 45 and 90 ml/min\|1.73m2 based on the updated Schwartz formula, and an equal distribution of children with glomerular and non-glomerular causes of disease were enrolled (i.e., 150 within each) and the study placed an upper limit of 60% for the percent of enrolled with non-glomerular disease.

Cohort 3

Age between 6 months and 16 years (before 17th birthday) with non-glomerular diagnosis and duration of kidney disease less than 5 years will be enrolled.

Cohort 4

Age between 16 and 22 years (before 23rd birthday) with moderately impaired kidney function as defined by estimated GFR less than 60 ml/min\|1.73m2 based on U25eGFR OR individuals who have initiated kidney replacement therapy (dialysis or transplant).

Eligibility Criteria

Age6 Months - 22 Years
Sexall
Healthy VolunteersNo
Age GroupsChild (0-17), Adult (18-64)
Sampling MethodNon-Probability Sample
Study Population

The CKiD Study is a multi-center, prospective cohort study of children, adolescents and young adults with a history of mild to moderate impaired kidney function. The study population consist of four cohorts.

You may qualify if:

  • Age between 1 and 16 years (before 17th birthday) for Cohorts 1 and 2; age between 6 months and 16 years (before 17th birthday) for Cohort 3; age between 16 to 22 years (before 23rd birthday) for Cohort 4
  • Estimated (based on SCr) Schwartz GFR between 30 and 90 ml/min\|1.73m2 for Cohort 1 OR an estimated GFR between 45 and 90 ml/min\|1.73m2 based on the updated Schwartz formula for Cohort 2; an estimated GFR ≤60 based on the CKiD Under 25 estimating equation (U25eGFR) OR KRT experience (dialysis or transplant) for Cohort 4
  • Willingness and ability to provide informed consent and assent
  • For Cohort 3, children with non-glomerular diagnosis and duration of kidney disease less than 5 years will be enrolled.

You may not qualify if:

  • Solid organ (other than kidney), bone marrow or stem cell transplantation
  • Cancer diagnosis and receiving treatment or within 12 months post completion of treatment
  • Ongoing monitoring for cardiotoxic effects of prior chemotherapy or targeted cancer therapies (e.g., anthracyclines, trastuzumab)
  • HIV infection with detectable viral load despite current antiretroviral therapy
  • Current pregnancy or pregnancy within past twelve months
  • Inability to complete major data collection procedures
  • Not fluent in English or Spanish
  • Plans to move out of area of any participating CKiD site (families can be transferred to another CKiD site if the family moves)
  • Existing moderate to severe congenital structural heart disease
  • Genetic syndromes involving the central nervous system (e.g., Downs syndrome)
  • History of severe to profound intellectual disability (i.e., Intelligence Quotient (IQ)\<40, significant impairment in adaptive function and/or inability to independently execute self-care skills)
  • For cohort 3, children who are expected to receive renal replacement therapy within 6 months of date of enrollment will not be recruited

Contact the study team to confirm eligibility.

Sponsors & Collaborators

Study Sites (2)

Children's Mercy Kansas City

Kansas City, Missouri, 64108, United States

RECRUITING

The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia

Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19146, United States

RECRUITING

Related Publications (207)

  • Woroniecki RP, Ng DK, Limou S, Winkler CA, Reidy KJ, Mitsnefes M, Sampson MG, Wong CS, Warady BA, Furth SL, Kopp JB, Kaskel FJ. Renal and Cardiovascular Morbidities Associated with APOL1 Status among African-American and Non-African-American Children with Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis. Front Pediatr. 2016 Nov 17;4:122. doi: 10.3389/fped.2016.00122. eCollection 2016.

    PMID: 27900314BACKGROUND

  • Schwartz GJ, Wang H, Erway B, Nordin G, Seegmiller J, Lieske JC, Back SE, Miller WG, Eckfeldt JH. Multicenter Laboratory Comparison of Iohexol Measurement. J Appl Lab Med. 2018 Mar;2(5):711-724. doi: 10.1373/jalm.2017.024240.

    PMID: 31276084BACKGROUND

  • Wong CS, Kogon AJ, Warady BA, Furth SL, Lantos JD, Wilfond BS. Ethical and Policy Considerations for Genomic Testing in Pediatric Research: The Path Toward Disclosing Individual Research Results. Am J Kidney Dis. 2019 Jun;73(6):837-845. doi: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2019.01.020. Epub 2019 Mar 14.

    PMID: 30879919BACKGROUND

  • Schwartz GJ, Cox C, Seegmiller JC, Maier PS, DiManno D, Furth SL, Warady BA, Munoz A. Recalibration of cystatin C using standardized material in Siemens nephelometers. Pediatr Nephrol. 2020 Feb;35(2):279-285. doi: 10.1007/s00467-019-04389-2. Epub 2019 Nov 3.

    PMID: 31680199BACKGROUND

  • Thomas E, Klomhaus AM, Laster ML, Furth SL, Warady BA, Salusky IB, Hanudel MR. Associations between anemia and FGF23 in the CKiD study. Pediatr Nephrol. 2024 Mar;39(3):837-847. doi: 10.1007/s00467-023-06160-0. Epub 2023 Sep 26.

    PMID: 37752381BACKGROUND

  • Sandokji I, Xu Y, Denburg M, Furth S, Abraham AG, Greenberg JH. Current and Novel Biomarkers of Progression Risk in Children with Chronic Kidney Disease. Nephron. 2024;148(1):1-10. doi: 10.1159/000530918. Epub 2023 May 15.

    PMID: 37232009BACKGROUND

  • Ren X, Chen J, Abraham AG, Xu Y, Siewe A, Warady BA, Kimmel PL, Vasan RS, Rhee EP, Furth SL, Coresh J, Denburg M, Rebholz CM; Chronic Kidney Disease Biomarkers Consortium. Plasma Metabolomics of Dietary Intake of Protein-Rich Foods and Kidney Disease Progression in Children. J Ren Nutr. 2024 Mar;34(2):95-104. doi: 10.1053/j.jrn.2023.10.007. Epub 2023 Nov 8.

    PMID: 37944769BACKGROUND

  • Lee AM, Xu Y, Hu J, Xiao R, Hooper SR, Hartung EA, Coresh J, Rhee EP, Vasan RS, Kimmel PL, Warady BA, Furth SL, Denburg MR; CKD Biomarkers Consortium. Longitudinal Plasma Metabolome Patterns and Relation to Kidney Function and Proteinuria in Pediatric CKD. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2024 Jul 1;19(7):837-850. doi: 10.2215/CJN.0000000000000463. Epub 2024 May 6.

    PMID: 38709558BACKGROUND

  • Lee AM, Xu Y, Hooper SR, Abraham AG, Hu J, Xiao R, Matheson MB, Brunson C, Rhee EP, Coresh J, Vasan RS, Schrauben S, Kimmel PL, Warady BA, Furth SL, Hartung EA, Denburg MR; CKD Biomarkers Consortium. Circulating Metabolomic Associations with Neurocognitive Outcomes in Pediatric CKD. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2024 Jan 1;19(1):13-25. doi: 10.2215/CJN.0000000000000318. Epub 2023 Oct 23.

    PMID: 37871960BACKGROUND

  • Inker LA, Tighiouart H, Adingwupu OM, Ng DK, Estrella MM, Maahs D, Yang W, Froissart M, Mauer M, Kalil R, Torres V, de Borst M, Klintmalm G, Poggio ED, Seegmiller JC, Rossing P, Furth SL, Warady BA, Schwartz GJ, Velez R, Coresh J, Levey AS. Performance of GFR Estimating Equations in Young Adults. Am J Kidney Dis. 2024 Feb;83(2):272-276. doi: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2023.06.008. Epub 2023 Sep 17. No abstract available.

    PMID: 37717845BACKGROUND

  • Jiang K, Greenberg JH, Abraham A, Xu Y, Schelling JR, Feldman HI, Schrauben SJ, Waikar SS, Shlipak MG, Wettersten N, Coca SG, Vasan RS, Gutierrez OM, Ix JH, Warady BA, Kimmel PL, Bonventre JV, Parikh CR, Mitsnefes MM, Denburg MR, Furth S; CKD Biomarkers Consortium. Associations of Biomarkers of Kidney Tubule Health, Injury, and Inflammation with Left Ventricular Hypertrophy in Children with CKD. Kidney360. 2023 Aug 1;4(8):1039-1047. doi: 10.34067/KID.0000000000000183. Epub 2023 Jun 12.

    PMID: 37303083BACKGROUND

  • Furth SL, Cole SR, Moxey-Mims M, Kaskel F, Mak R, Schwartz G, Wong C, Munoz A, Warady BA. Design and methods of the Chronic Kidney Disease in Children (CKiD) prospective cohort study. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2006 Sep;1(5):1006-15. doi: 10.2215/CJN.01941205. Epub 2006 Jul 19.

    PMID: 17699320BACKGROUND

  • Schwartz GJ, Munoz A, Schneider MF, Mak RH, Kaskel F, Warady BA, Furth SL. New equations to estimate GFR in children with CKD. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2009 Mar;20(3):629-37. doi: 10.1681/ASN.2008030287. Epub 2009 Jan 21.

    PMID: 19158356BACKGROUND

  • Schwartz GJ, Kwong T, Erway B, Warady B, Sokoll L, Hellerstein S, Dharnidharka V, Furth S, Munoz A. Validation of creatinine assays utilizing HPLC and IDMS traceable standards in sera of children. Pediatr Nephrol. 2009 Jan;24(1):113-9. doi: 10.1007/s00467-008-0957-0. Epub 2008 Sep 4.

    PMID: 18769945BACKGROUND

  • Abraham AG, Schwartz GJ, Furth S, Warady BA, Munoz A. Longitudinal formulas to estimate GFR in children with CKD. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2009 Nov;4(11):1724-30. doi: 10.2215/CJN.01860309. Epub 2009 Sep 17.

    PMID: 19808217BACKGROUND

  • Schwartz GJ, Abraham AG, Furth SL, Warady BA, Munoz A. Optimizing iohexol plasma disappearance curves to measure the glomerular filtration rate in children with chronic kidney disease. Kidney Int. 2010 Jan;77(1):65-71. doi: 10.1038/ki.2009.398.

    PMID: 19847157BACKGROUND

  • Checkley W, Brower RG, Munoz A; NIH Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Network Investigators. Inference for mutually exclusive competing events through a mixture of generalized gamma distributions. Epidemiology. 2010 Jul;21(4):557-65. doi: 10.1097/EDE.0b013e3181e090ed.

    PMID: 20502337BACKGROUND

  • Abraham AG, Munoz A, Furth SL, Warady B, Schwartz GJ. Extracellular volume and glomerular filtration rate in children with chronic kidney disease. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2011 Apr;6(4):741-7. doi: 10.2215/CJN.08020910. Epub 2011 Mar 24.

    PMID: 21441126BACKGROUND

  • Copelovitch L, Warady BA, Furth SL. Insights from the Chronic Kidney Disease in Children (CKiD) study. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2011 Aug;6(8):2047-53. doi: 10.2215/CJN.10751210. Epub 2011 Jul 22.

    PMID: 21784815BACKGROUND

  • Fadrowski JJ, Neu AM, Schwartz GJ, Furth SL. Pediatric GFR estimating equations applied to adolescents in the general population. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2011 Jun;6(6):1427-35. doi: 10.2215/CJN.06460710. Epub 2011 May 12.

    PMID: 21566103BACKGROUND

  • Ng DK, Schwartz GJ, Jacobson LP, Palella FJ, Margolick JB, Warady BA, Furth SL, Munoz A. Universal GFR determination based on two time points during plasma iohexol disappearance. Kidney Int. 2011 Aug;80(4):423-30. doi: 10.1038/ki.2011.155. Epub 2011 Jun 8.

    PMID: 21654718BACKGROUND

  • Pierce CB, Cox C, Saland JM, Furth SL, Munoz A. Methods for characterizing differences in longitudinal glomerular filtration rate changes between children with glomerular chronic kidney disease and those with nonglomerular chronic kidney disease. Am J Epidemiol. 2011 Sep 1;174(5):604-12. doi: 10.1093/aje/kwr121. Epub 2011 Aug 9.

    PMID: 21828368BACKGROUND

  • Schwartz GJ, Schneider MF, Maier PS, Moxey-Mims M, Dharnidharka VR, Warady BA, Furth SL, Munoz A. Improved equations estimating GFR in children with chronic kidney disease using an immunonephelometric determination of cystatin C. Kidney Int. 2012 Aug;82(4):445-53. doi: 10.1038/ki.2012.169.

    PMID: 22622496BACKGROUND

  • Wong CJ, Moxey-Mims M, Jerry-Fluker J, Warady BA, Furth SL. CKiD (CKD in children) prospective cohort study: a review of current findings. Am J Kidney Dis. 2012 Dec;60(6):1002-11. doi: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2012.07.018. Epub 2012 Sep 28.

    PMID: 23022429BACKGROUND

  • Wuttke M, Schaefer F, Wong CS, Kottgen A. Genome-wide association studies in nephrology: using known associations for data checks. Am J Kidney Dis. 2015 Feb;65(2):217-22. doi: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2014.09.019. Epub 2014 Nov 18.

    PMID: 25465167BACKGROUND

  • Wuttke M, Wong CS, Wuhl E, Epting D, Luo L, Hoppmann A, Doyon A, Li Y; CKDGen Consortium; Sozeri B, Thurn D, Helmstadter M, Huber TB, Blydt-Hansen TD, Kramer-Zucker A, Mehls O, Melk A, Querfeld U, Furth SL, Warady BA, Schaefer F, Kottgen A. Genetic loci associated with renal function measures and chronic kidney disease in children: the Pediatric Investigation for Genetic Factors Linked with Renal Progression Consortium. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2016 Feb;31(2):262-9. doi: 10.1093/ndt/gfv342. Epub 2015 Sep 28.

    PMID: 26420894BACKGROUND

  • Ng DK, Schwartz GJ, Warady BA, Furth SL, Munoz A. Relationships of Measured Iohexol GFR and Estimated GFR With CKD-Related Biomarkers in Children and Adolescents. Am J Kidney Dis. 2017 Sep;70(3):397-405. doi: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2017.03.019. Epub 2017 May 24.

    PMID: 28549535BACKGROUND

  • Furth S, Warady BA. Biomarkers, Imaging and Patient Reported Outcomes in The Chronic Kidney Disease in Children Study. Semin Nephrol. 2021 Sep;41(5):403-404. doi: 10.1016/j.semnephrol.2021.09.001. No abstract available.

    PMID: 34916000BACKGROUND

  • Verbitsky M, Krishnamurthy S, Krithivasan P, Hughes D, Khan A, Marasa M, Vena N, Khosla P, Zhang J, Lim TY, Glessner JT, Weng C, Shang N, Shen Y, Hripcsak G, Hakonarson H, Ionita-Laza I, Levy B, Kenny EE, Loos RJF, Kiryluk K, Sanna-Cherchi S, Crosslin DR, Furth S, Warady BA, Igo RP Jr, Iyengar SK, Wong CS, Parsa A, Feldman HI, Gharavi AG. Genomic Disorders in CKD across the Lifespan. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2023 Apr 1;34(4):607-618. doi: 10.1681/ASN.2022060725. Epub 2022 Oct 27.

    PMID: 36302597BACKGROUND

  • Fino NF, Adingwupu OM, Coresh J, Greene T, Haaland B, Shlipak MG, Costa E Silva VT, Kalil R, Mindikoglu AL, Furth SL, Seegmiller JC, Levey AS, Inker LA. Evaluation of novel candidate filtration markers from a global metabolomic discovery for glomerular filtration rate estimation. Kidney Int. 2024 Mar;105(3):582-592. doi: 10.1016/j.kint.2023.11.007. Epub 2023 Nov 23.

    PMID: 38006943BACKGROUND

  • Menon G, Pierce CB, Ng DK; CKiD Study Investigators. Revisiting the Application of an Adult Kidney Failure Risk Prediction Equation to Children With CKD. Am J Kidney Dis. 2023 Jun;81(6):734-737. doi: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2022.11.004. Epub 2022 Dec 28. No abstract available.

    PMID: 36586560BACKGROUND

  • Ng DK, Matheson MB, Schwartz GJ, Wang FM, Mendley SR, Furth SL, Warady BA; CKiD investigators. Development of an adaptive clinical web-based prediction tool for kidney replacement therapy in children with chronic kidney disease. Kidney Int. 2023 Nov;104(5):985-994. doi: 10.1016/j.kint.2023.06.020. Epub 2023 Jun 28.

    PMID: 37391041BACKGROUND

  • Ng DK, Patel A, Cox C. Data quality control in longitudinal epidemiologic studies: conditional studentized residuals from linear mixed effects models for outlier detection in the setting of pediatric chronic kidney disease. Ann Epidemiol. 2023 Sep;85:38-44. doi: 10.1016/j.annepidem.2023.07.005. Epub 2023 Jul 16.

    PMID: 37454831BACKGROUND

  • Ng DK, Patel A, Schwartz GJ, Seegmiller JC, Warady BA, Furth SL, Cox C; CKiD study investigators. A comparison of neural networks and regression-based approaches for estimating kidney function in pediatric chronic kidney disease: Practical predictive epidemiology for clinical management of a progressive disease. Ann Epidemiol. 2025 May;105:75-79. doi: 10.1016/j.annepidem.2025.04.004. Epub 2025 Apr 8.

    PMID: 40209838RESULT

  • Ng DK, Matheson MB, Schwartz GJ, Kurgansky KE, Warady BA, Furth SL. Effectiveness of Allopurinol on Uric Acid and Pediatric Chronic Kidney Disease Severity in the Chronic Kidney Disease in Children Study. Kidney Med. 2025 May 8;7(7):101021. doi: 10.1016/j.xkme.2025.101021. eCollection 2025 Jul.

    PMID: 40613019RESULT

  • Ng DK, Matheson MB, Hartung EA. Progress, challenges, and pragmatic concessions in predicting relative risk of kidney survival in ARPKD. Kidney Int. 2025 May;107(5):788-791. doi: 10.1016/j.kint.2025.02.018.

    PMID: 40254358RESULT

  • Hammond JH, Ng DK, Blanchette ED, Flynn JT, Mitsnefes MM, Furth SL, Warady BA, Brady TM; CKiD Study Investigators. Interval healthcare provider contact and blood pressure control in children with chronic kidney disease and hypertension. Pediatr Nephrol. 2025 Aug;40(8):2579-2587. doi: 10.1007/s00467-025-06743-z. Epub 2025 Mar 24.

    PMID: 40122943RESULT

  • Portale AA, Wolf MS, Messinger S, Perwad F, Juppner H, Warady BA, Furth SL, Salusky IB. Fibroblast Growth Factor 23 and Risk of CKD Progression in Children. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2016 Nov 7;11(11):1989-1998. doi: 10.2215/CJN.02110216. Epub 2016 Aug 25.

    PMID: 27561289RESULT

  • Ng DK, Moxey-Mims M, Warady BA, Furth SL, Munoz A. Racial differences in renal replacement therapy initiation among children with a nonglomerular cause of chronic kidney disease. Ann Epidemiol. 2016 Nov;26(11):780-787.e1. doi: 10.1016/j.annepidem.2016.09.011. Epub 2016 Oct 8.

    PMID: 27789133RESULT

  • Lande MB, Mendley SR, Matheson MB, Shinnar S, Gerson AC, Samuels JA, Warady BA, Furth SL, Hooper SR. Association of blood pressure variability and neurocognition in children with chronic kidney disease. Pediatr Nephrol. 2016 Nov;31(11):2137-44. doi: 10.1007/s00467-016-3425-2. Epub 2016 Jun 5.

    PMID: 27263021RESULT

  • Patel HP, Saland JM, Ng DK, Jiang S, Warady BA, Furth SL, Flynn JT. Waist Circumference and Body Mass Index in Children with Chronic Kidney Disease and Metabolic, Cardiovascular, and Renal Outcomes. J Pediatr. 2017 Dec;191:133-139. doi: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2017.08.047.

    PMID: 29173296RESULT

  • Ruebner RL, Ng D, Mitsnefes M, Foster BJ, Meyers K, Warady B, Furth SL. Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors and Left Ventricular Hypertrophy in Girls and Boys With CKD. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2016 Nov 7;11(11):1962-1968. doi: 10.2215/CJN.01270216. Epub 2016 Sep 14.

    PMID: 27630183RESULT

  • Hartung EA, Dell KM, Matheson M, Warady BA, Furth SL. Growth in Children with Autosomal Recessive Polycystic Kidney Disease in the CKiD Cohort Study. Front Pediatr. 2016 Aug 10;4:82. doi: 10.3389/fped.2016.00082. eCollection 2016.

    PMID: 27559537RESULT

  • Brady TM, Townsend K, Schneider MF, Cox C, Kimball T, Madueme P, Warady B, Furth S, Mitsnefes M. Cystatin C and Cardiac Measures in Children and Adolescents With CKD. Am J Kidney Dis. 2017 Feb;69(2):247-256. doi: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2016.08.036. Epub 2016 Nov 14.

    PMID: 27856090RESULT

  • Verbitsky M, Kogon AJ, Matheson M, Hooper SR, Wong CS, Warady BA, Furth SL, Gharavi AG. Genomic Disorders and Neurocognitive Impairment in Pediatric CKD. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2017 Aug;28(8):2303-2309. doi: 10.1681/ASN.2016101108. Epub 2017 Mar 27.

    PMID: 28348065RESULT

  • Altemose KE, Kumar J, Portale AA, Warady BA, Furth SL, Fadrowski JJ, Atkinson MA. Vitamin D insufficiency, hemoglobin, and anemia in children with chronic kidney disease. Pediatr Nephrol. 2018 Nov;33(11):2131-2136. doi: 10.1007/s00467-018-4020-5. Epub 2018 Jul 14.

    PMID: 30008129RESULT

  • Barletta GM, Pierce C, Mitsnefes M, Samuels J, Warady BA, Furth S, Flynn J. Is Blood Pressure Improving in Children With Chronic Kidney Disease? A Period Analysis. Hypertension. 2018 Mar;71(3):444-450. doi: 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.117.09649. Epub 2018 Jan 2.

    PMID: 29295853RESULT

  • Abraham AG, Betoko A, Fadrowski JJ, Pierce C, Furth SL, Warady BA, Munoz A. Renin-angiotensin II-aldosterone system blockers and time to renal replacement therapy in children with CKD. Pediatr Nephrol. 2017 Apr;32(4):643-649. doi: 10.1007/s00467-016-3512-4. Epub 2016 Nov 8.

    PMID: 27826732RESULT

  • Brooks ER, Lin DC, Langman CB, Thompson JW, St John-Williams L, Furth SL, Warady B, Haymond S. Metabolomic Patterns in Adolescents With Mild to Moderate CKD. Kidney Int Rep. 2019 Jan 28;4(5):720-723. doi: 10.1016/j.ekir.2019.01.009. eCollection 2019 May. No abstract available.

    PMID: 31080927RESULT

  • Atkinson MA, Xiao R, Kottgen A, Wuhl E, Wong CS, Wuttke M, Bayazit AK, Caliskan S, Warady BA, Schaefer F, Furth SL. Genetic associations of hemoglobin in children with chronic kidney disease in the PediGFR Consortium. Pediatr Res. 2019 Feb;85(3):324-328. doi: 10.1038/s41390-018-0148-z. Epub 2018 Aug 15.

    PMID: 30140068RESULT

  • Li Y, Greenbaum LA, Warady BA, Furth SL, Ng DK. Short stature in advanced pediatric CKD is associated with faster time to reduced kidney function after transplant. Pediatr Nephrol. 2019 May;34(5):897-905. doi: 10.1007/s00467-018-4165-2. Epub 2019 Jan 9.

    PMID: 30627858RESULT

  • Harshman LA, Johnson RJ, Matheson MB, Kogon AJ, Shinnar S, Gerson AC, Warady BA, Furth SL, Hooper SR. Academic achievement in children with chronic kidney disease: a report from the CKiD cohort. Pediatr Nephrol. 2019 Apr;34(4):689-696. doi: 10.1007/s00467-018-4144-7. Epub 2018 Nov 17.

    PMID: 30448874RESULT

  • Ruebner RL, Hooper SR, Parrish C, Furth SL, Fadrowski JJ. Environmental lead exposure is associated with neurocognitive dysfunction in children with chronic kidney disease. Pediatr Nephrol. 2019 Nov;34(11):2371-2379. doi: 10.1007/s00467-019-04306-7. Epub 2019 Jul 20.

    PMID: 31327061RESULT

  • Sgambat K, Matheson MB, Hooper SR, Warady B, Furth S, Moudgil A. Prevalence and outcomes of fragility: a frailty-inflammation phenotype in children with chronic kidney disease. Pediatr Nephrol. 2019 Dec;34(12):2563-2569. doi: 10.1007/s00467-019-04313-8. Epub 2019 Aug 2.

    PMID: 31375914RESULT

  • Sethna CB, Ng DK, Jiang S, Saland J, Warady BA, Furth S, Meyers KE. Cardiovascular disease risk among children with focal segmental glomerulosclerosis: a report from the chronic kidney disease in children study. Pediatr Nephrol. 2019 Aug;34(8):1403-1412. doi: 10.1007/s00467-019-04229-3. Epub 2019 Mar 22.

    PMID: 30903375RESULT

  • Staples A, Wong C, Schwartz GJ. Iohexol-measured glomerular filtration rate in children and adolescents with chronic kidney disease: a pilot study comparing venous and finger stick methods. Pediatr Nephrol. 2019 Mar;34(3):459-464. doi: 10.1007/s00467-018-4110-4. Epub 2018 Oct 12.

    PMID: 30315406RESULT

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  • Brady TM, Roem J, Cox C, Schneider MF, Wilson AC, Furth SL, Warady BA, Mitsnefes M. Adiposity, Sex, and Cardiovascular Disease Risk in Children With CKD: A Longitudinal Study of Youth Enrolled in the Chronic Kidney Disease in Children (CKiD) Study. Am J Kidney Dis. 2020 Aug;76(2):166-173. doi: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2020.01.011. Epub 2020 May 7.

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  • Beara-Lasic L, Cogal A, Mara K, Enders F, Mehta RA, Haskic Z, Furth SL, Trachtman H, Scheinman SJ, Milliner DS, Goldfarb DS, Harris PC, Lieske JC; investigators of the Rare Kidney Stone Consortium. Prevalence of low molecular weight proteinuria and Dent disease 1 CLCN5 mutations in proteinuric cohorts. Pediatr Nephrol. 2020 Apr;35(4):633-640. doi: 10.1007/s00467-019-04210-0. Epub 2019 Mar 10.

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  • Greenberg JH, Abraham AG, Xu Y, Schelling JR, Feldman HI, Sabbisetti VS, Gonzalez MC, Coca S, Schrauben SJ, Waikar SS, Ramachandran VS, Shlipak MG, Warady B, Kimmel PL, Bonventre JV, Denburg M, Parikh CR, Furth S; CKD Biomarkers Consortium. Plasma Biomarkers of Tubular Injury and Inflammation Are Associated with CKD Progression in Children. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2020 May;31(5):1067-1077. doi: 10.1681/ASN.2019070723. Epub 2020 Mar 31.

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  • Hogan J, Schneider MF, Pai R, Denburg MR, Kogon A, Brooks ER, Kaskel FJ, Reidy KJ, Saland JM, Warady BA, Furth SL, Patzer RE, Greenbaum LA. Grip strength in children with chronic kidney disease. Pediatr Nephrol. 2020 May;35(5):891-899. doi: 10.1007/s00467-019-04461-x. Epub 2020 Jan 13.

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  • Jacobson MH, Liu M, Wu Y, Furth S, Warady B, Trachtman H, Trasande L. Oxidant stress and renal function among children with chronic kidney disease: a repeated measures study. Sci Rep. 2020 Feb 21;10(1):3129. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-59962-9.

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  • Madueme PC, Ng DK, Guju L, Longshore L, Moore V, Jefferies L, Warady BA, Furth S, Mitsnefes M. Aortic dilatation in children with mild to moderate chronic kidney disease. Pediatr Nephrol. 2020 Jun;35(6):1023-1031. doi: 10.1007/s00467-019-04469-3. Epub 2020 Jan 15.

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  • Reynolds BC, Roem JL, Ng DKS, Matsuda-Abedini M, Flynn JT, Furth SL, Warady BA, Parekh RS. Association of Time-Varying Blood Pressure With Chronic Kidney Disease Progression in Children. JAMA Netw Open. 2020 Feb 5;3(2):e1921213. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2019.21213.

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  • Ng DK, Antiporta DA, Matheson MB, Munoz A. Nonparametric Assessment of Differences Between Competing Risk Hazard Ratios: Application to Racial Differences in Pediatric Chronic Kidney Disease Progression. Clin Epidemiol. 2020 Jan 20;12:83-93. doi: 10.2147/CLEP.S225763. eCollection 2020.

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  • Dionne JM, Jiang S, Ng DK, Flynn JT, Mitsnefes MM, Furth SL, Warady BA, Samuels JA; CKiD study group. Mean Arterial Pressure and Chronic Kidney Disease Progression in the CKiD Cohort. Hypertension. 2021 Jul;78(1):65-73. doi: 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.120.16692. Epub 2021 Jun 1.

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  • Abraham AG, Xu Y, Roem JL, Greenberg JH, Weidemann DK, Sabbisetti VS, Bonventre JV, Denburg M, Warady BA, Furth SL. Variability in CKD Biomarker Studies: Soluble Urokinase Plasminogen Activator Receptor (suPAR) and Kidney Disease Progression in the Chronic Kidney Disease in Children (CKiD) Study. Kidney Med. 2021 Jun 17;3(5):712-721.e1. doi: 10.1016/j.xkme.2021.04.007. eCollection 2021 Sep-Oct.

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  • Denburg MR, Xu Y, Abraham AG, Coresh J, Chen J, Grams ME, Feldman HI, Kimmel PL, Rebholz CM, Rhee EP, Vasan RS, Warady BA, Furth SL; CKD Biomarkers Consortium. Metabolite Biomarkers of CKD Progression in Children. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2021 Aug;16(8):1178-1189. doi: 10.2215/CJN.00220121.

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  • Harrell W, Gipson DS, Belger A, Matsuda-Abedini M, Bjornson B, Hooper SR. Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Findings in Children and Adolescents With Chronic Kidney Disease: Preliminary Findings. Semin Nephrol. 2021 Sep;41(5):462-475. doi: 10.1016/j.semnephrol.2021.09.009.

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  • Yokoyama JS, Matsuda-Abedini M, Denburg MR, Kumar J, Warady BA, Furth SL, Hooper SR, Portale AA, Perwad F. Association Between Chronic Kidney Disease-Mineral Bone Disease (CKD-MBD) and Cognition in Children: Chronic Kidney Disease in Children (CKiD) Study. Kidney Med. 2020 May 26;2(4):398-406. doi: 10.1016/j.xkme.2020.03.005. eCollection 2020 Jul-Aug.

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  • Weidemann DK, Abraham AG, Roem JL, Furth SL, Warady BA. Plasma Soluble Urokinase Plasminogen Activator Receptor (suPAR) and CKD Progression in Children. Am J Kidney Dis. 2020 Aug;76(2):194-202. doi: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2019.11.004. Epub 2020 Jan 24.

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  • Atkinson MA, Ng DK, Warady BA, Furth SL, Flynn JT. The CKiD study: overview and summary of findings related to kidney disease progression. Pediatr Nephrol. 2021 Mar;36(3):527-538. doi: 10.1007/s00467-019-04458-6. Epub 2020 Feb 3.

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  • Hooper SR, Johnson RJ, Lande M, Matheson M, Shinnar S, Kogon AJ, Harshman L, Spinale J, Gerson AC, Warady BA, Furth SL. The Similarities and Differences Between Glomerular vs. Non-glomerular Diagnoses on Intelligence and Executive Functions in Pediatric Chronic Kidney Disease: A Brief Report. Front Neurol. 2021 Dec 20;12:787602. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2021.787602. eCollection 2021.

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  • Hooper SR, Johnson RJ, Gerson AC, Lande MB, Shinnar S, Harshman LA, Kogon AJ, Matheson M, Bartosh S, Carlson J, Warady BA, Furth SL. Overview of the findings and advances in the neurocognitive and psychosocial functioning of mild to moderate pediatric CKD: perspectives from the Chronic Kidney Disease in Children (CKiD) cohort study. Pediatr Nephrol. 2022 Apr;37(4):765-775. doi: 10.1007/s00467-021-05158-w. Epub 2021 Jun 10.

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  • Jacobson MH, Wu Y, Liu M, Kannan K, Li AJ, Robinson M, Warady BA, Furth S, Trachtman H, Trasande L. Organophosphate pesticides and progression of chronic kidney disease among children: A prospective cohort study. Environ Int. 2021 Oct;155:106597. doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2021.106597. Epub 2021 May 2.

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  • Mitsnefes MM, Xu Y, Ng DK, Hill G, Kimball T, Furth SL, Warady BA. Diastolic Function and Ambulatory Hypertension in Children With Chronic Kidney Disease. Hypertension. 2021 Nov;78(5):1347-1354. doi: 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.121.17449. Epub 2021 Oct 4.

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  • Sandokji I, Greenberg JH. Plasma and Urine Biomarkers of CKD: A Review of Findings in the CKiD Study. Semin Nephrol. 2021 Sep;41(5):416-426. doi: 10.1016/j.semnephrol.2021.09.003.

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  • Johnson RJ, Harshman LA. Neurocognition in Pediatric Chronic Kidney Disease: A Review of Data From the Chronic Kidney Disease in Children (CKiD) Study. Semin Nephrol. 2021 Sep;41(5):446-454. doi: 10.1016/j.semnephrol.2021.09.007.

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  • Bakhoum CY, Matheson MB, Greenberg JH, Furth SL, Ix JH, Garimella PS. Urine Uromodulin Is Not Associated With Blood Pressure in the Chronic Kidney Disease in Children Cohort. Hypertension. 2022 Oct;79(10):2298-2304. doi: 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.122.19566. Epub 2022 Aug 3.

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  • Bakhoum CY, Katz R, Samuels JA, Al-Rousan T, Furth SL, Ix JH, Garimella PS. Nocturnal Dipping and Left Ventricular Mass Index in the Chronic Kidney Disease in Children Cohort. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2022 Jan;17(1):75-82. doi: 10.2215/CJN.09810721. Epub 2021 Nov 12.

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  • Jacobson MH, Wu Y, Liu M, Kannan K, Lee S, Ma J, Warady BA, Furth S, Trachtman H, Trasande L. Urinary Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in a Longitudinal Cohort of Children with CKD: A Case of Reverse Causation? Kidney360. 2022 Mar 29;3(6):1011-1020. doi: 10.34067/KID.0000892022. eCollection 2022 Jun 30.

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  • Bakhoum CY, Phadke M, Deng Y, Samuels JA, Garimella PS, Furth SL, Wilson FP, Ix JH. Nocturnal Dipping and Kidney Function Decline: Findings From the CKD in Children Study. Kidney Int Rep. 2022 Aug 17;7(11):2446-2453. doi: 10.1016/j.ekir.2022.08.002. eCollection 2022 Nov.

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  • Kim HS, Ng DK, Matheson MB, Atkinson MA, Akhtar Y, Warady BA, Furth SL, Ruebner RL. Association of Puberty With Changes in GFR in Children With CKD. Am J Kidney Dis. 2022 Jan;79(1):131-134. doi: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2021.05.011. Epub 2021 Jun 24. No abstract available.

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  • Schwartz GJ, Roem JL, Hooper SR, Furth SL, Weaver DJ Jr, Warady BA, Schneider MF. Longitudinal changes in uric acid concentration and their relationship with chronic kidney disease progression in children and adolescents. Pediatr Nephrol. 2023 Feb;38(2):489-497. doi: 10.1007/s00467-022-05620-3. Epub 2022 Jun 1.

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  • Molino AR, Minnick MLG, Jerry-Fluker J, Karita Muiru J, Boynton SA, Furth SL, Warady BA, Ng DK; Chronic Kidney Disease in Children Study. Health and Dental Insurance and Health Care Utilization Among Children, Adolescents, and Young Adults With CKD: Findings From the CKiD Cohort Study. Kidney Med. 2022 Mar 25;4(5):100455. doi: 10.1016/j.xkme.2022.100455. eCollection 2022 May.

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  • Brown DD, Roem J, Reidy K, Furth S, Warady BA, Melamed M, Brady T; CKiD Study Investigators. Metabolic Acidosis and Cardiovascular Disease Risk in Children with CKD. Kidney360. 2025 Oct 1;6(10):1722-1732. doi: 10.34067/KID.0000000883. Epub 2025 Jul 23.

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  • Bae S, Samuels JA, Flynn JT, Mitsnefes MM, Furth SL, Warady BA, Ng DK; CKiD Study. Machine Learning-Based Prediction of Masked Hypertension Among Children With Chronic Kidney Disease. Hypertension. 2022 Sep;79(9):2105-2113. doi: 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.121.18794. Epub 2022 Jul 7.

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  • Shah LN, Matheson MB, Furth SL, Schwartz GJ, Warady BA, Wong CJ. Low variability of plant protein intake in the CKiD cohort does not demonstrate changes in estimated GFR nor electrolyte balance. Pediatr Nephrol. 2022 Jul;37(7):1647-1655. doi: 10.1007/s00467-021-05334-y. Epub 2021 Nov 18.

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  • Byfield RL, Xiao R, Shimbo D, Kronish IM, Furth SL, Amaral S, Cohen JB. Antihypertensive medication nonadherence and target organ damage in children with chronic kidney disease. Pediatr Nephrol. 2024 Jan;39(1):221-231. doi: 10.1007/s00467-023-06059-w. Epub 2023 Jul 13.

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  • Brown DD, Carroll M, Ng DK, Levy RV, Greenbaum LA, Kaskel FJ, Furth SL, Warady BA, Melamed ML, Dauber A. Longitudinal Associations between Low Serum Bicarbonate and Linear Growth in Children with CKD. Kidney360. 2022 Feb 9;3(4):666-676. doi: 10.34067/KID.0005402021. eCollection 2022 Apr 28.

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  • Carlson J, Jones EM, Manne S, Matheson MB, Harshman LA, Warady BA, Furth S, Hooper SR, Johnson RJ. COVID-19 Associated Worry and Emotional Distress in Youth and Young Adults with Chronic Kidney Disease. Ann Pediatr. 2025;8(1):10.52768/annpediatr/1152. doi: 10.52768/annpediatr/1152. Epub 2025 May 23.

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  • Ward RC, Kogon AJ, Matheson MB, Dawson A, Hooper SR, Molitor S, Wong C, Furth SL, Warady BA, Harshman LA. Psychotropic Medication Usage in Pediatric CKD: Reporting from the CKD in Children Cohort. Kidney360. 2024 Jul 1;5(7):967-973. doi: 10.34067/KID.0000000000000462. Epub 2024 May 13.

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  • Ng DK, Munoz A; CKiD Study Investigators. Assessing bias in GFR estimating equations: improper GFR stratification can yield misleading results. Pediatr Nephrol. 2024 Jul;39(7):2139-2145. doi: 10.1007/s00467-024-06318-4. Epub 2024 Feb 24.

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  • Kula AJ, Xu Y, Hill GD, Furth SL, Warady BA, Ng DK, Seegmiller J, Mitsnefes M; CKiD Study Investigators. Hypertension and Left Ventricular Strain in Pediatric Chronic Kidney Disease. Hypertension. 2024 Oct;81(10):2181-2188. doi: 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.124.23167. Epub 2024 Aug 28.

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  • Kim HS, Ng DK, Matheson MB, Atkinson MA, Akhtar Y, Warady BA, Furth SL, Ruebner RL. Pubertal luteinizing hormone levels in children with chronic kidney disease and association with change in glomerular filtration rate. Pediatr Nephrol. 2024 May;39(5):1543-1549. doi: 10.1007/s00467-023-06210-7. Epub 2023 Nov 23.

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  • Singh NS, Johnson RJ, Matheson MB, Carlson J, Hooper SR, Warady BA. A longitudinal analysis of the effect of anemia on executive functions in children with mild to moderate chronic kidney disease. Pediatr Nephrol. 2023 Mar;38(3):829-837. doi: 10.1007/s00467-022-05682-3. Epub 2022 Jul 21.

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  • Kurzinski KL, Xu Y, Ng DK, Furth SL, Schwartz GJ, Warady BA; CKiD Study Investigators. Hyperkalemia in pediatric chronic kidney disease. Pediatr Nephrol. 2023 Sep;38(9):3083-3090. doi: 10.1007/s00467-023-05912-2. Epub 2023 Mar 20.

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  • Schwartz GJ, Furth S, Cole SR, Warady B, Munoz A. Glomerular filtration rate via plasma iohexol disappearance: pilot study for chronic kidney disease in children. Kidney Int. 2006 Jun;69(11):2070-7. doi: 10.1038/sj.ki.5000385.

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  • Dodson JL, Cohn SE, Cox C, Hmiel PS, Wood E, Mattoo TK, Warady BA, Furth SL. Urinary incontinence in the CKiD cohort and health related quality of life. J Urol. 2009 Oct;182(4 Suppl):2007-14. doi: 10.1016/j.juro.2009.06.012. Epub 2009 Aug 20.

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  • Thomas R, Sanna-Cherchi S, Warady BA, Furth SL, Kaskel FJ, Gharavi AG. HNF1B and PAX2 mutations are a common cause of renal hypodysplasia in the CKiD cohort. Pediatr Nephrol. 2011 Jun;26(6):897-903. doi: 10.1007/s00467-011-1826-9. Epub 2011 Mar 5.

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  • Wilson AC, Schneider MF, Cox C, Greenbaum LA, Saland J, White CT, Furth S, Warady BA, Mitsnefes MM. Prevalence and correlates of multiple cardiovascular risk factors in children with chronic kidney disease. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2011 Dec;6(12):2759-65. doi: 10.2215/CJN.03010311. Epub 2011 Oct 6.

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  • Atkinson MA, Pierce CB, Fadrowski JJ, Benador NM, White CT, Turman MA, Pan CG, Abraham AG, Warady BA, Furth SL. Association between common iron store markers and hemoglobin in children with chronic kidney disease. Pediatr Nephrol. 2012 Dec;27(12):2275-83. doi: 10.1007/s00467-012-2266-x. Epub 2012 Jul 27.

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  • Brady TM, Schneider MF, Flynn JT, Cox C, Samuels J, Saland J, White CT, Furth S, Warady BA, Mitsnefes M. Carotid intima-media thickness in children with CKD: results from the CKiD study. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2012 Dec;7(12):1930-7. doi: 10.2215/CJN.03130312. Epub 2012 Sep 13.

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  • Flynn JT, Pierce CB, Miller ER 3rd, Charleston J, Samuels JA, Kupferman J, Furth SL, Warady BA; Chronic Kidney Disease in Children Study Group. Reliability of resting blood pressure measurement and classification using an oscillometric device in children with chronic kidney disease. J Pediatr. 2012 Mar;160(3):434-440.e1. doi: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2011.08.071. Epub 2011 Nov 1.

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  • Nehus E, Furth S, Warady B, Mitsnefes M. Correlates of resistin in children with chronic kidney disease: the chronic kidney disease in children cohort. J Pediatr. 2012 Aug;161(2):276-80. doi: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2012.01.055. Epub 2012 Mar 14.

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  • Samuels J, Ng D, Flynn JT, Mitsnefes M, Poffenbarger T, Warady BA, Furth S; Chronic Kidney Disease in Children Study Group. Ambulatory blood pressure patterns in children with chronic kidney disease. Hypertension. 2012 Jul;60(1):43-50. doi: 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.111.189266. Epub 2012 May 14.

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  • Al-Uzri A, Matheson M, Gipson DS, Mendley SR, Hooper SR, Yadin O, Rozansky DJ, Moxey-Mims M, Furth SL, Warady BA, Gerson AC; Chronic Kidney Disease in Children Study Group. The impact of short stature on health-related quality of life in children with chronic kidney disease. J Pediatr. 2013 Sep;163(3):736-41.e1. doi: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2013.03.016. Epub 2013 Apr 26.

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  • Fadrowski JJ, Abraham AG, Navas-Acien A, Guallar E, Weaver VM, Furth SL. Blood lead level and measured glomerular filtration rate in children with chronic kidney disease. Environ Health Perspect. 2013 Aug;121(8):965-70. doi: 10.1289/ehp.1205164. Epub 2013 May 21.

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  • Hidalgo G, Ng DK, Moxey-Mims M, Minnick ML, Blydt-Hansen T, Warady BA, Furth SL. Association of income level with kidney disease severity and progression among children and adolescents with CKD: a report from the Chronic Kidney Disease in Children (CKiD) Study. Am J Kidney Dis. 2013 Dec;62(6):1087-94. doi: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2013.06.013. Epub 2013 Aug 7.

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  • Kogon AJ, Pierce CB, Cox C, Brady TM, Mitsnefes MM, Warady BA, Furth SL, Flynn JT. Nephrotic-range proteinuria is strongly associated with poor blood pressure control in pediatric chronic kidney disease. Kidney Int. 2014 Apr;85(4):938-44. doi: 10.1038/ki.2013.352. Epub 2013 Sep 18.

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  • Kupferman JC, Aronson Friedman L, Cox C, Flynn J, Furth S, Warady B, Mitsnefes M; CKiD Study Group. BP control and left ventricular hypertrophy regression in children with CKD. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2014 Jan;25(1):167-74. doi: 10.1681/ASN.2012121197. Epub 2013 Sep 26.

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  • Omoloja A, Jerry-Fluker J, Ng DK, Abraham AG, Furth S, Warady BA, Mitsnefes M. Secondhand smoke exposure is associated with proteinuria in children with chronic kidney disease. Pediatr Nephrol. 2013 Aug;28(8):1243-51. doi: 10.1007/s00467-013-2456-1. Epub 2013 Apr 13.

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  • Akchurin OM, Schneider MF, Mulqueen L, Brooks ER, Langman CB, Greenbaum LA, Furth SL, Moxey-Mims M, Warady BA, Kaskel FJ, Skversky AL. Medication adherence and growth in children with CKD. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2014 Sep 5;9(9):1519-25. doi: 10.2215/CJN.01150114. Epub 2014 Jun 26.

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  • Abraham AG, Mak RH, Mitsnefes M, White C, Moxey-Mims M, Warady B, Furth SL. Protein energy wasting in children with chronic kidney disease. Pediatr Nephrol. 2014 Jul;29(7):1231-8. doi: 10.1007/s00467-014-2768-9. Epub 2014 Feb 7.

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  • Atkinson MA, Kim JY, Roy CN, Warady BA, White CT, Furth SL. Hepcidin and risk of anemia in CKD: a cross-sectional and longitudinal analysis in the CKiD cohort. Pediatr Nephrol. 2015 Apr;30(4):635-43. doi: 10.1007/s00467-014-2991-4. Epub 2014 Nov 8.

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  • Barletta GM, Flynn J, Mitsnefes M, Samuels J, Friedman LA, Ng D, Cox C, Poffenbarger T, Warady B, Furth S. Heart rate and blood pressure variability in children with chronic kidney disease: a report from the CKiD study. Pediatr Nephrol. 2014 Jun;29(6):1059-65. doi: 10.1007/s00467-013-2737-8. Epub 2014 Feb 2.

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  • Blydt-Hansen TD, Pierce CB, Cai Y, Samsonov D, Massengill S, Moxey-Mims M, Warady BA, Furth SL. Medication treatment complexity and adherence in children with CKD. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2014 Feb;9(2):247-54. doi: 10.2215/CJN.05750513. Epub 2013 Nov 21.

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  • Flynn JT, Ng DK, Chan GJ, Samuels J, Furth S, Warady B, Greenbaum LA; Chronic Kidney Disease in Children Study. The effect of abnormal birth history on ambulatory blood pressure and disease progression in children with chronic kidney disease. J Pediatr. 2014 Jul;165(1):154-162.e1. doi: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2014.02.051. Epub 2014 Mar 31.

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  • Hartung EA, Matheson M, Lande MB, Dell KM, Guay-Woodford LM, Gerson AC, Warady BA, Hooper SR, Furth SL. Neurocognition in children with autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease in the CKiD cohort study. Pediatr Nephrol. 2014 Oct;29(10):1957-65. doi: 10.1007/s00467-014-2816-5. Epub 2014 May 15.

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  • Mendley SR, Matheson MB, Shinnar S, Lande MB, Gerson AC, Butler RW, Warady BA, Furth SL, Hooper SR. Duration of chronic kidney disease reduces attention and executive function in pediatric patients. Kidney Int. 2015 Apr;87(4):800-6. doi: 10.1038/ki.2014.323. Epub 2014 Sep 24.

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  • Mitsnefes M, Scherer PE, Friedman LA, Gordillo R, Furth S, Warady BA; CKiD study group. Ceramides and cardiac function in children with chronic kidney disease. Pediatr Nephrol. 2014 Mar;29(3):415-22. doi: 10.1007/s00467-013-2642-1. Epub 2014 Jan 5.

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  • Portale AA, Wolf M, Juppner H, Messinger S, Kumar J, Wesseling-Perry K, Schwartz GJ, Furth SL, Warady BA, Salusky IB. Disordered FGF23 and mineral metabolism in children with CKD. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2014 Feb;9(2):344-53. doi: 10.2215/CJN.05840513. Epub 2013 Dec 5.

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  • Rodig NM, McDermott KC, Schneider MF, Hotchkiss HM, Yadin O, Seikaly MG, Furth SL, Warady BA. Growth in children with chronic kidney disease: a report from the Chronic Kidney Disease in Children Study. Pediatr Nephrol. 2014 Oct;29(10):1987-95. doi: 10.1007/s00467-014-2812-9. Epub 2014 Apr 12.

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  • Zhong Y, Munoz A, Schwartz GJ, Warady BA, Furth SL, Abraham AG. Nonlinear trajectory of GFR in children before RRT. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2014 May;25(5):913-7. doi: 10.1681/ASN.2013050487. Epub 2014 Jan 2.

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  • Fathallah-Shaykh SA, Flynn JT, Pierce CB, Abraham AG, Blydt-Hansen TD, Massengill SF, Moxey-Mims MM, Warady BA, Furth SL, Wong CS. Progression of pediatric CKD of nonglomerular origin in the CKiD cohort. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2015 Apr 7;10(4):571-7. doi: 10.2215/CJN.07480714. Epub 2015 Jan 29.

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  • Denburg MR, Kumar J, Jemielita T, Brooks ER, Skversky A, Portale AA, Salusky IB, Warady BA, Furth SL, Leonard MB. Fracture Burden and Risk Factors in Childhood CKD: Results from the CKiD Cohort Study. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2016 Feb;27(2):543-50. doi: 10.1681/ASN.2015020152. Epub 2015 Jul 2.

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  • Kumar J, McDermott K, Abraham AG, Friedman LA, Johnson VL, Kaskel FJ, Furth SL, Warady BA, Portale AA, Melamed ML. Prevalence and correlates of 25-hydroxyvitamin D deficiency in the Chronic Kidney Disease in Children (CKiD) cohort. Pediatr Nephrol. 2016 Jan;31(1):121-9. doi: 10.1007/s00467-015-3190-7. Epub 2015 Aug 26.

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  • Mitsnefes MM, Pierce C, Flynn J, Samuels J, Dionne J, Furth S, Warady B; CKiD study group. Can office blood pressure readings predict masked hypertension? Pediatr Nephrol. 2016 Jan;31(1):163-6. doi: 10.1007/s00467-015-3212-5. Epub 2015 Sep 28.

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  • Rodenbach KE, Schneider MF, Furth SL, Moxey-Mims MM, Mitsnefes MM, Weaver DJ, Warady BA, Schwartz GJ. Hyperuricemia and Progression of CKD in Children and Adolescents: The Chronic Kidney Disease in Children (CKiD) Cohort Study. Am J Kidney Dis. 2015 Dec;66(6):984-92. doi: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2015.06.015. Epub 2015 Jul 21.

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  • Verbitsky M, Sanna-Cherchi S, Fasel DA, Levy B, Kiryluk K, Wuttke M, Abraham AG, Kaskel F, Kottgen A, Warady BA, Furth SL, Wong CS, Gharavi AG. Genomic imbalances in pediatric patients with chronic kidney disease. J Clin Invest. 2015 May;125(5):2171-8. doi: 10.1172/JCI80877. Epub 2015 Apr 20.

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  • Warady BA, Abraham AG, Schwartz GJ, Wong CS, Munoz A, Betoko A, Mitsnefes M, Kaskel F, Greenbaum LA, Mak RH, Flynn J, Moxey-Mims MM, Furth S. Predictors of Rapid Progression of Glomerular and Nonglomerular Kidney Disease in Children and Adolescents: The Chronic Kidney Disease in Children (CKiD) Cohort. Am J Kidney Dis. 2015 Jun;65(6):878-88. doi: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2015.01.008. Epub 2015 Mar 19.

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  • Ayestaran FW, Schneider MF, Kaskel FJ, Srivaths PR, Seo-Mayer PW, Moxey-Mims M, Furth SL, Warady BA, Greenbaum LA. Perceived appetite and clinical outcomes in children with chronic kidney disease. Pediatr Nephrol. 2016 Jul;31(7):1121-7. doi: 10.1007/s00467-016-3321-9. Epub 2016 Feb 8.

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  • Dell KM, Matheson M, Hartung EA, Warady BA, Furth SL; Chronic Kidney Disease in Children (CKiD) Study. Kidney Disease Progression in Autosomal Recessive Polycystic Kidney Disease. J Pediatr. 2016 Apr;171:196-201.e1. doi: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2015.12.079. Epub 2016 Jan 28.

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  • Hooper SR, Gerson AC, Johnson RJ, Mendley SR, Shinnar S, Lande MB, Matheson MB, Gipson DS, Morgenstern B, Warady BA, Furth SL. Neurocognitive, Social-Behavioral, and Adaptive Functioning in Preschool Children with Mild to Moderate Kidney Disease. J Dev Behav Pediatr. 2016 Apr;37(3):231-8. doi: 10.1097/DBP.0000000000000267.

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  • Kogon AJ, Matheson MB, Flynn JT, Gerson AC, Warady BA, Furth SL, Hooper SR; Chronic Kidney Disease in Children (CKiD) Study Group. Depressive Symptoms in Children with Chronic Kidney Disease. J Pediatr. 2016 Jan;168:164-170.e1. doi: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2015.09.040. Epub 2015 Oct 23.

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  • Chen W, Ducharme-Smith K, Davis L, Hui WF, Warady BA, Furth SL, Abraham AG, Betoko A. Dietary sources of energy and nutrient intake among children and adolescents with chronic kidney disease. Pediatr Nephrol. 2017 Jul;32(7):1233-1241. doi: 10.1007/s00467-017-3580-0. Epub 2017 Feb 16.

    PMID: 28210840RESULT

  • Fuhrman DY, Schneider MF, Dell KM, Blydt-Hansen TD, Mak R, Saland JM, Furth SL, Warady BA, Moxey-Mims MM, Schwartz GJ. Albuminuria, Proteinuria, and Renal Disease Progression in Children with CKD. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2017 Jun 7;12(6):912-920. doi: 10.2215/CJN.11971116. Epub 2017 May 25.

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  • Hui WF, Betoko A, Savant JD, Abraham AG, Greenbaum LA, Warady B, Moxey-Mims MM, Furth SL. Assessment of dietary intake of children with chronic kidney disease. Pediatr Nephrol. 2017 Mar;32(3):485-494. doi: 10.1007/s00467-016-3491-5. Epub 2016 Sep 29.

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  • Knight A, Kogon AJ, Matheson MB, Warady BA, Furth SL, Hooper SR. Cognitive Function in Children with Lupus Nephritis: A Cross-Sectional Comparison with Children with Other Glomerular Chronic Kidney Diseases. J Pediatr. 2017 Oct;189:181-188.e1. doi: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2017.06.044. Epub 2017 Jul 19.

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  • Lopez-Rivera E, Liu YP, Verbitsky M, Anderson BR, Capone VP, Otto EA, Yan Z, Mitrotti A, Martino J, Steers NJ, Fasel DA, Vukojevic K, Deng R, Racedo SE, Liu Q, Werth M, Westland R, Vivante A, Makar GS, Bodria M, Sampson MG, Gillies CE, Vega-Warner V, Maiorana M, Petrey DS, Honig B, Lozanovski VJ, Salomon R, Heidet L, Carpentier W, Gaillard D, Carrea A, Gesualdo L, Cusi D, Izzi C, Scolari F, van Wijk JA, Arapovic A, Saraga-Babic M, Saraga M, Kunac N, Samii A, McDonald-McGinn DM, Crowley TB, Zackai EH, Drozdz D, Miklaszewska M, Tkaczyk M, Sikora P, Szczepanska M, Mizerska-Wasiak M, Krzemien G, Szmigielska A, Zaniew M, Darlow JM, Puri P, Barton D, Casolari E, Furth SL, Warady BA, Gucev Z, Hakonarson H, Flogelova H, Tasic V, Latos-Bielenska A, Materna-Kiryluk A, Allegri L, Wong CS, Drummond IA, D'Agati V, Imamoto A, Barasch JM, Hildebrandt F, Kiryluk K, Lifton RP, Morrow BE, Jeanpierre C, Papaioannou VE, Ghiggeri GM, Gharavi AG, Katsanis N, Sanna-Cherchi S. Genetic Drivers of Kidney Defects in the DiGeorge Syndrome. N Engl J Med. 2017 Feb 23;376(8):742-754. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1609009. Epub 2017 Jan 25.

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  • Ng DK, Robertson CC, Woroniecki RP, Limou S, Gillies CE, Reidy KJ, Winkler CA, Hingorani S, Gibson KL, Hjorten R, Sethna CB, Kopp JB, Moxey-Mims M, Furth SL, Warady BA, Kretzler M, Sedor JR, Kaskel FJ, Sampson MG. APOL1-associated glomerular disease among African-American children: a collaboration of the Chronic Kidney Disease in Children (CKiD) and Nephrotic Syndrome Study Network (NEPTUNE) cohorts. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2017 Jun 1;32(6):983-990. doi: 10.1093/ndt/gfw061.

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  • Savant JD, Betoko A, Meyers KE, Mitsnefes M, Flynn JT, Townsend RR, Greenbaum LA, Dart A, Warady B, Furth SL. Vascular Stiffness in Children With Chronic Kidney Disease. Hypertension. 2017 May;69(5):863-869. doi: 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.116.07653. Epub 2017 Apr 3.

    PMID: 28373588RESULT

  • Brooks ER, Haymond S, Rademaker A, Pierce C, Helenowski I, Passman R, Vicente F, Warady BA, Furth SL, Langman CB. Contribution of symmetric dimethylarginine to GFR decline in pediatric chronic kidney disease. Pediatr Nephrol. 2018 Apr;33(4):697-704. doi: 10.1007/s00467-017-3842-x. Epub 2017 Dec 7.

    PMID: 29214443RESULT

  • Furth SL, Pierce C, Hui WF, White CA, Wong CS, Schaefer F, Wuhl E, Abraham AG, Warady BA; Chronic Kidney Disease in Children (CKiD); Effect of Strict Blood Pressure Control and ACE Inhibition on the Progression of CRF in Pediatric Patients (ESCAPE) Study Investigators. Estimating Time to ESRD in Children With CKD. Am J Kidney Dis. 2018 Jun;71(6):783-792. doi: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2017.12.011. Epub 2018 Apr 10.

    PMID: 29653769RESULT

  • Ku E, McCulloch CE, Warady BA, Furth SL, Grimes BA, Mitsnefes MM. Twenty-Four-Hour Ambulatory Blood Pressure versus Clinic Blood Pressure Measurements and Risk of Adverse Outcomes in Children with CKD. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2018 Mar 7;13(3):422-428. doi: 10.2215/CJN.09630917. Epub 2018 Feb 13.

    PMID: 29440119RESULT

  • Lalan S, Jiang S, Ng DK, Kupferman F, Warady BA, Furth S, Mitsnefes MM. Cardiometabolic Risk Factors, Metabolic Syndrome, and Chronic Kidney Disease Progression in Children. J Pediatr. 2018 Nov;202:163-170. doi: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2018.06.007. Epub 2018 Jul 2.

    PMID: 30041938RESULT

  • Mitsnefes MM, Betoko A, Schneider MF, Salusky IB, Wolf MS, Juppner H, Warady BA, Furth SL, Portale AA. FGF23 and Left Ventricular Hypertrophy in Children with CKD. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2018 Jan 6;13(1):45-52. doi: 10.2215/CJN.02110217. Epub 2017 Oct 12.

    PMID: 29025789RESULT

  • Ng DK, Portale AA, Furth SL, Warady BA, Munoz A. Time-varying coefficient of determination to quantify the explanatory power of biomarkers on longitudinal GFR among children with chronic kidney disease. Ann Epidemiol. 2018 Aug;28(8):549-556. doi: 10.1016/j.annepidem.2018.05.002. Epub 2018 May 17.

    PMID: 29887227RESULT

  • Ng DK, Schwartz GJ, Schneider MF, Furth SL, Warady BA. Combination of pediatric and adult formulas yield valid glomerular filtration rate estimates in young adults with a history of pediatric chronic kidney disease. Kidney Int. 2018 Jul;94(1):170-177. doi: 10.1016/j.kint.2018.01.034. Epub 2018 May 5.

    PMID: 29735307RESULT

  • Ricardo AC, Pereira LN, Betoko A, Goh V, Amarah A, Warady BA, Moxey-Mims M, Furth S, Lash JP; Chronic Kidney Disease in Children (CKiD) Cohort Investigators. Parental health literacy and progression of chronic kidney disease in children. Pediatr Nephrol. 2018 Oct;33(10):1759-1764. doi: 10.1007/s00467-018-3962-y. Epub 2018 Jun 14.

    PMID: 29948310RESULT

  • Sgambat K, Roem J, Mitsnefes M, Portale AA, Furth S, Warady B, Moudgil A. Waist-to-height ratio, body mass index, and cardiovascular risk profile in children with chronic kidney disease. Pediatr Nephrol. 2018 Sep;33(9):1577-1583. doi: 10.1007/s00467-018-3987-2. Epub 2018 Jun 5.

    PMID: 29872963RESULT

  • Malits J, Attina TM, Karthikraj R, Kannan K, Naidu M, Furth S, Warady BA, Vento S, Trachtman H, Trasande L. Renal Function and exposure to Bisphenol A and phthalates in children with Chronic Kidney Disease. Environ Res. 2018 Nov;167:575-582. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2018.08.006. Epub 2018 Aug 9.

    PMID: 30172191RESULT

  • Ng DK, Matheson MB, Warady BA, Mendley SR, Furth SL, Munoz A. Incidence of Initial Renal Replacement Therapy Over the Course of Kidney Disease in Children. Am J Epidemiol. 2019 Dec 31;188(12):2156-2164. doi: 10.1093/aje/kwz220.

    PMID: 31595948RESULT

  • Saland JM, Kupferman JC, Pierce CB, Flynn JT, Mitsnefes MM, Warady BA, Furth SL. Change in Dyslipidemia with Declining Glomerular Filtration Rate and Increasing Proteinuria in Children with CKD. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2019 Dec 6;14(12):1711-1718. doi: 10.2215/CJN.03110319. Epub 2019 Nov 11.

    PMID: 31712386RESULT

  • Carlson J, Gerson AC, Matheson MB, Manne S, Warady BA, Hooper SR, Lande M, Harshman LA, Johnson RJ, Shinnar S, Kogon AJ, Furth S. A longitudinal analysis of the effect of anemia on health-related quality of life in children with mild-to-moderate chronic kidney disease. Pediatr Nephrol. 2020 Sep;35(9):1659-1667. doi: 10.1007/s00467-020-04569-5. Epub 2020 Apr 24.

    PMID: 32333284RESULT

  • Flynn JT, Carroll MK, Ng DK, Furth SL, Warady BA. Achieved clinic blood pressure level and chronic kidney disease progression in children: a report from the Chronic Kidney Disease in Children cohort. Pediatr Nephrol. 2021 Jun;36(6):1551-1559. doi: 10.1007/s00467-020-04833-8. Epub 2020 Nov 16.

    PMID: 33200315RESULT

  • Harshman LA, Kogon AJ, Matheson MB, Johnson RJ, Shinnar S, Gerson AC, Warady BA, Furth SL, Hooper SR, Lande MB. Bicarbonate, blood pressure, and executive function in pediatric CKD-is there a link? Pediatr Nephrol. 2020 Jul;35(7):1323-1330. doi: 10.1007/s00467-020-04507-5. Epub 2020 Apr 15.

    PMID: 32297000RESULT

  • Jacobson MH, Wu Y, Liu M, Attina TM, Naidu M, Karthikraj R, Kannan K, Warady BA, Furth S, Vento S, Trachtman H, Trasande L. Serially assessed bisphenol A and phthalate exposure and association with kidney function in children with chronic kidney disease in the US and Canada: A longitudinal cohort study. PLoS Med. 2020 Oct 14;17(10):e1003384. doi: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1003384. eCollection 2020 Oct.

    PMID: 33052911RESULT

  • Johnson RJ, Gerson AC, Harshman LA, Matheson MB, Shinnar S, Lande MB, Kogon A, Gipson DS, Warady BA, Furth SL, Hooper SR. A longitudinal examination of parent-reported emotional-behavioral functioning of children with mild to moderate chronic kidney disease. Pediatr Nephrol. 2020 Jul;35(7):1287-1295. doi: 10.1007/s00467-020-04511-9. Epub 2020 Mar 10.

    PMID: 32157444RESULT

  • Kim HS, Ng DK, Matheson MB, Atkinson MA, Warady BA, Furth SL, Ruebner RL. Delayed menarche in girls with chronic kidney disease and the association with short stature. Pediatr Nephrol. 2020 Aug;35(8):1471-1475. doi: 10.1007/s00467-020-04559-7. Epub 2020 Apr 27.

    PMID: 32337637RESULT

  • Kupferman JC, Matheson MB, Lande MB, Flynn JT, Furth S, Warady BA, Hooper SR. Increased history of ischemic stroke and decreased neurocognitive performance in children with chronic kidney disease. Pediatr Nephrol. 2020 Jul;35(7):1315-1321. doi: 10.1007/s00467-020-04503-9. Epub 2020 Feb 24.

    PMID: 32095895RESULT

  • Laster M, Denburg M, Okuda Y, Kumar J, Furth S, Warady B, Kalantar-Zadeh K, Norris K, Salusky IB. Race and Ethnicity Predict Bone Markers and Fracture in Pediatric Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease. J Bone Miner Res. 2021 Feb;36(2):298-304. doi: 10.1002/jbmr.4182. Epub 2020 Oct 23.

    PMID: 32960469RESULT

  • Ng DK, Xu Y, Hogan J, Saland JM, Greenbaum LA, Furth SL, Warady BA, Wong CS. Timing of patient-reported renal replacement therapy planning discussions by disease severity among children and young adults with chronic kidney disease. Pediatr Nephrol. 2020 Oct;35(10):1925-1933. doi: 10.1007/s00467-020-04542-2. Epub 2020 May 3.

    PMID: 32363486RESULT

  • Pierce CB, Munoz A, Ng DK, Warady BA, Furth SL, Schwartz GJ. Age- and sex-dependent clinical equations to estimate glomerular filtration rates in children and young adults with chronic kidney disease. Kidney Int. 2021 Apr;99(4):948-956. doi: 10.1016/j.kint.2020.10.047. Epub 2020 Dec 8.

    PMID: 33301749RESULT

  • Schneider MF, Munoz A, Ku E, Warady BA, Furth SL, Schwartz GJ. Estimation of Albumin-Creatinine Ratio From Protein-Creatinine Ratio in Urine of Children and Adolescents With CKD. Am J Kidney Dis. 2021 May;77(5):824-827. doi: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2020.07.015. Epub 2020 Sep 6. No abstract available.

    PMID: 32898620RESULT

  • Diaz-Gonzalez de Ferris ME, Pierce CB, Gipson DS, Furth SL, Warady BA, Hooper SR; Authoring group for the CKiD Study. Health-related quality of life in children with chronic kidney disease is affected by the number of medications. Pediatr Nephrol. 2021 May;36(5):1307-1310. doi: 10.1007/s00467-021-04919-x. Epub 2021 Feb 5.

    PMID: 33547529RESULT

  • Levy RV, Reidy KJ, Le TH, David V, Winkler C, Xu Y, Warady B, Furth S, Kaskel F, Melamed ML. Association of GSTM1 Deletion With Progression of CKD in Children: Findings From the Chronic Kidney Disease in Children (CKiD) Study. Am J Kidney Dis. 2022 Jul;80(1):79-86. doi: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2021.10.007. Epub 2021 Dec 4.

    PMID: 34871703RESULT

  • Molino AR, Jerry-Fluker J, Atkinson MA, Furth SL, Warady BA, Ng DK. The association of alcohol, cigarette, e-cigarette, and marijuana use with disease severity in adolescents and young adults with pediatric chronic kidney disease. Pediatr Nephrol. 2021 Aug;36(8):2493-2497. doi: 10.1007/s00467-021-05044-5. Epub 2021 Apr 29.

    PMID: 33914145RESULT

  • Ng DK, Carroll MK, Kaskel FJ, Furth SL, Warady BA, Greenbaum LA. Patterns of recombinant growth hormone therapy use and growth responses among children with chronic kidney disease. Pediatr Nephrol. 2021 Dec;36(12):3905-3913. doi: 10.1007/s00467-021-05122-8. Epub 2021 Jun 11.

    PMID: 34115207RESULT

  • Ng DK, Furth SL, Warady BA, Crews DC, Seegmiller JC, Schwartz GJ; CKiD Study Investigators. Self-reported Race, Serum Creatinine, Cystatin C, and GFR in Children and Young Adults With Pediatric Kidney Diseases: A Report From the Chronic Kidney Disease in Children (CKiD) Study. Am J Kidney Dis. 2022 Aug;80(2):174-185.e1. doi: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2021.10.013. Epub 2021 Dec 30.

    PMID: 34974031RESULT

  • Richardson KL, Weaver DJ Jr, Ng DK, Carroll MK, Furth SL, Warady BA, Flynn JT. L-type calcium channel blocker use and proteinuria among children with chronic kidney diseases. Pediatr Nephrol. 2021 Aug;36(8):2411-2419. doi: 10.1007/s00467-021-04967-3. Epub 2021 Feb 15.

    PMID: 33590332RESULT

  • Rodig NM, Roem J, Schneider MF, Seo-Mayer PW, Reidy KJ, Kaskel FJ, Kogon AJ, Furth SL, Warady BA. Longitudinal outcomes of body mass index in overweight and obese children with chronic kidney disease. Pediatr Nephrol. 2021 Jul;36(7):1851-1860. doi: 10.1007/s00467-020-04907-7. Epub 2021 Jan 21.

    PMID: 33479822RESULT

  • Viteri B, Elsingergy M, Roem J, Ng D, Warady B, Furth S, Tasian G. Ultrasound-Based Renal Parenchymal Area and Kidney Function Decline in Infants With Congenital Anomalies of the Kidney and Urinary Tract. Semin Nephrol. 2021 Sep;41(5):427-433. doi: 10.1016/j.semnephrol.2021.09.004.

    PMID: 34916003RESULT

  • Xu Y, Ng DK, Furth SL, Warady BA, Mitsnefes MM. Factors associated with the absence of pharmacological treatment for common modifiable complications in children with chronic kidney disease. Pediatr Nephrol. 2021 Oct;36(10):3181-3189. doi: 10.1007/s00467-021-05087-8. Epub 2021 May 6.

    PMID: 33959814RESULT

  • Akchurin O, Molino AR, Schneider MF, Atkinson MA, Warady BA, Furth SL. Longitudinal Relationship Between Anemia and Statural Growth Impairment in Children and Adolescents With Nonglomerular CKD: Findings From the Chronic Kidney Disease in Children (CKiD) Study. Am J Kidney Dis. 2023 Apr;81(4):457-465.e1. doi: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2022.09.019. Epub 2022 Dec 5.

    PMID: 36481700RESULT

  • Boynton SA, Matheson MB, Ng DK, Hidalgo G, Warady BA, Furth SL, Atkinson MA. The Relationship Between Neighborhood Disadvantage and Kidney Disease Progression in the Chronic Kidney Disease in Children (CKiD) Cohort. Am J Kidney Dis. 2022 Aug;80(2):207-214. doi: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2021.12.008. Epub 2022 Jan 25.

    PMID: 35085688RESULT

  • Guzman-Limon ML, Jiang S, Ng D, Flynn JT, Warady B, Furth SL, Samuels JA; Chronic Kidney Disease in Children study*. Nocturnal Hypertension in Children With Chronic Kidney Disease Is Common and Associated With Progression to Kidney Replacement Therapy. Hypertension. 2022 Oct;79(10):2288-2297. doi: 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.121.18101. Epub 2022 Aug 18.

    PMID: 35979846RESULT

  • Kogon AJ, Roem J, Schneider MF, Mitsnefes MM, Zemel BS, Warady BA, Furth SL, Rodig NM. Associations of body mass index (BMI) and BMI change with progression of chronic kidney disease in children. Pediatr Nephrol. 2023 Apr;38(4):1257-1266. doi: 10.1007/s00467-022-05655-6. Epub 2022 Aug 26.

    PMID: 36018433RESULT

  • Ng DK, Carroll MK, Furth SL, Warady BA, Flynn JT; CKiD Study Investigators. Blood Pressure Classification Status in Children With CKD Following Adoption of the 2017 American Academy of Pediatrics Guideline. Am J Kidney Dis. 2023 May;81(5):545-553. doi: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2022.10.009. Epub 2022 Dec 12.

    PMID: 36521780RESULT

  • Douglas CE, Roem J, Flynn JT, Furth SL, Warady BA, Halbach SM; Chronic Kidney Disease in Children study investigators*. Effect of Age on Hypertension Recognition in Children With Chronic Kidney Disease: A Report From the Chronic Kidney Disease in Children Study. Hypertension. 2023 May;80(5):1048-1056. doi: 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.122.20354. Epub 2023 Mar 2.

    PMID: 36861464RESULT

  • Bae S, Schwartz GJ, Mendley SR, Warady BA, Furth SL, Munoz A; CKiD Study Investigators. Trajectories of eGFR after kidney transplantation according to trajectories of eGFR prior to kidney replacement therapies in children with chronic kidney disease. Pediatr Nephrol. 2023 Dec;38(12):4157-4164. doi: 10.1007/s00467-023-06056-z. Epub 2023 Jun 23.

    PMID: 37353626RESULT

  • Carlson J, Gerson AC, Matheson MB, Manne S, Lande M, Harshman L, Johnson RJ, Shinnar S, Kogon AJ, Warady B, Furth S, Hooper S. Longitudinal changes of health-related quality of life in childhood chronic kidney disease. Pediatr Nephrol. 2023 Dec;38(12):4127-4136. doi: 10.1007/s00467-023-06069-8. Epub 2023 Jul 10.

    PMID: 37428223RESULT

  • Faulkner SC, Matheson MB, Greenberg JH, Garimella PS, Furth SL, Ix JH, Bakhoum CY. Association of clinical characteristics with urine uromodulin in children with chronic kidney disease. Pediatr Nephrol. 2023 Nov;38(11):3859-3862. doi: 10.1007/s00467-023-05947-5. Epub 2023 Mar 29.

    PMID: 36988691RESULT

  • Harshman LA, Ward RC, Matheson MB, Dawson A, Kogon AJ, Lande MB, Molitor SJ, Johnson RJ, Wilson C, Warady BA, Furth SL, Hooper SR. The Impact of Pediatric CKD on Educational and Employment Outcomes. Kidney360. 2023 Oct 1;4(10):1389-1396. doi: 10.34067/KID.0000000000000206. Epub 2023 Jul 7.

    PMID: 37418621RESULT

  • Kula AJ, Flynn JT, Prince DK, Furth SL, Warady B, Isakova T, Christenson R, Bansal N. Descriptions and Determinants of N-Terminal Pro-B-Type Natriuretic Peptide in Pediatric CKD: The Chronic Kidney Disease in Children (CKiD) Study. Am J Kidney Dis. 2023 Dec;82(6):776-778. doi: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2023.03.020. Epub 2023 Jun 29. No abstract available.

    PMID: 37393051RESULT

  • Perwad F, Matheson MB, Glenn Lecea E, Isakova T, Salusky IB, Juppner H, Wolf M, Warady B, Furth S, Ng DK, Portale AA; CKiD Study Investigators. Fibroblast Growth Factor 23 Trajectories in Children and Association with CKD Progression: The CKD in Children Study. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2026 Apr 1;21(4):567-577. doi: 10.2215/CJN.0000000954. Epub 2026 Feb 5.

    PMID: 41642661DERIVED

Related Links

Biospecimen

Retention: SAMPLES WITH DNA

Blood and urine specimens were collected at the baseline visit and will be collected at each annual follow-up visit. Nail clippings and hair samples were collected at baseline. Whole blood samples were collected at baseline and processed to create immortalized cell lines, and DNA samples. Genetic and biological specimens will be stored at the NIDDK Central Repository, which is Precision for Medicine in Frederick, MD.

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Renal Insufficiency, Chronic

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Renal InsufficiencyKidney DiseasesUrologic DiseasesFemale Urogenital DiseasesFemale Urogenital Diseases and Pregnancy ComplicationsUrogenital DiseasesMale Urogenital DiseasesChronic DiseaseDisease AttributesPathologic ProcessesPathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms

Study Officials

  • Susan Furth, MD, PhD

    Children's Hospital of Philadelphia

    PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

  • Bradley Warady, MD

    Children's Mercy Kansas City

    PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

  • Derek Ng, PhD

    Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health

    PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

  • Jesse Seegmiller, PhD

    University of Minnesota

    PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

Central Study Contacts

Susan Furth, MD, PhD

CONTACT

215-590-2449FurthS@email.chop.edu

Bradley Warady, MD

CONTACT

816-302-3010bwarady@cmh.edu

Study Design

Study Type
observational
Observational Model
COHORT
Time Perspective
PROSPECTIVE
Sponsor Type
OTHER
Responsible Party
SPONSOR

Study Record Dates

First Submitted

May 18, 2006

First Posted

May 19, 2006

Study Start

October 1, 2003

Primary Completion (Estimated)

July 1, 2028

Study Completion (Estimated)

July 1, 2028

Last Updated

April 17, 2026

Record last verified: 2026-04

Locations

US(2)