NCT00064844

Brief Summary

The overall objective of the study is to develop recommendations for treatment programs to help alcoholic smokers to stop smoking. A sample of 175 alcohol dependent cigarette smokers will be recruited from the community and treated in a 6-month outpatient alcohol and tobacco treatment program. The 175 patients will be divided into two groups. One group will receive an active nicotine patch and active nicotine gum. The other group will receive an active nicotine patch and placebo nicotine gum. Followup assessments will be conducted for 1-year from the beginning of treatment.

Trial Health

87
On Track

Trial Health Score

Automated assessment based on enrollment pace, timeline, and geographic reach

Enrollment
96

participants targeted

Target at P50-P75 for phase_4

Timeline
Completed

Started Aug 2002

Longer than P75 for phase_4

Geographic Reach
1 country

1 active site

Status
completed

Health score is calculated from publicly available data and should be used for screening purposes only.

Trial Relationships

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Study Timeline

Key milestones and dates

Study Start

First participant enrolled

August 1, 2002

Completed
12 months until next milestone

First Submitted

Initial submission to the registry

July 14, 2003

Completed
1 day until next milestone

First Posted

Study publicly available on registry

July 15, 2003

Completed
3 years until next milestone

Primary Completion

Last participant's last visit for primary outcome

July 1, 2006

Completed
Same day until next milestone

Study Completion

Last participant's last visit for all outcomes

July 1, 2006

Completed
6.8 years until next milestone

Results Posted

Study results publicly available

April 16, 2013

Completed
Last Updated

August 13, 2021

Status Verified

August 1, 2021

Enrollment Period

3.9 years

First QC Date

July 14, 2003

Results QC Date

January 31, 2013

Last Update Submit

August 11, 2021

Conditions

Keywords

SmokingAlcoholism

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (2)

  • 6 Month Smoking Abstinence

    Percentage of participants with prolonged carbon monoxide verified smoking abstinence

    6 months after smoking quit date

  • 12 Month Smoking Abstinence

    Percentage of participants with prolonged carbon monoxide verified smoking abstinence

    12 months after smoking quit date

Study Arms (2)

Nicotine patch plus placebo gum

PLACEBO COMPARATOR

Subjects in both arms were instructed to use one 21-mg (Nicoderm CQ®) nicotine patch daily for 8 weeks followed by one 14-mg patch daily for 2 weeks, then followed by one 7-mg patch daily for 2 weeks, for a total of 12 weeks of nicotine patch therapy. Placebo gum was given for ad libitum use, with encouragement to use at least six pieces per day, up to a maximum of 20 pieces per day. The placebo gum (manufactured by Fertin Pharma A/S, Vejle, Denmark) contained 2.6% cayenne pepper to simulate the taste of nicotine. Use of the gum was encouraged for 24 weeks.

Behavioral: Cognitive Behavior Therapy for alcohol and smoking cessationDrug: Nicoderm CQ nicotine patchDrug: Placebo gum

Nicotine patch plus active gum

ACTIVE COMPARATOR

Subjects in both arms were instructed to use one 21-mg (Nicoderm CQ®) nicotine patch daily for 8 weeks followed by one 14-mg patch daily for 2 weeks, then followed by one 7-mg patch daily for 2 weeks, for a total of 12 weeks of nicotine patch therapy. Nicotine gum (2 mg uncoated mint Nicorette®) was given for ad libitum use, with encouragement to use at least six pieces per day, up to a maximum of 20 pieces per day. Use of the gum was encouraged for 24 weeks.

Behavioral: Cognitive Behavior Therapy for alcohol and smoking cessationDrug: Nicoderm CQ nicotine patchDrug: Nicotine gum - Nicorette®

Interventions

Individual 60-minute treatment sessions were scheduled weekly for the first 3 months, then monthly for the next 3 months for a total of 16 sessions. Alcohol treatment was based on the cognitive behavioral therapy manual developed for Project MATCH, with approximately 40-45 minutes of each session devoted to alcohol treatment. Components of this intervention included identifying alcohol antecedents, coping with alcohol urges, managing thoughts about alcohol, problem solving, drink refusal skills, planning for emergencies, communication and assertiveness training and enhancing social support networks for alcohol abstinence. The smoking cessation intervention was delivered in the same sessions as the alcohol treatment, with approximately 15-20 minutes of each session devoted to smoking cessation. Treatment employed behavioral elements that have been supported empirically according to the USDHHS smoking cessation practice guideline.

Nicotine patch plus active gumNicotine patch plus placebo gum

Subjects in both arms were instructed to use one 21-mg (Nicoderm CQ®) nicotine patch daily for 8 weeks followed by one 14-mg patch daily for 2 weeks, then followed by one 7-mg patch daily for 2 weeks, for a total of 12 weeks of nicotine patch therapy.

Nicotine patch plus active gumNicotine patch plus placebo gum

Placebo gum was given for ad libitum use, with encouragement to use at least six pieces per day, up to a maximum of 20 pieces per day. The placebo gum (manufactured by Fertin Pharma A/S, Vejle, Denmark) contained 2.6% cayenne pepper to simulate the taste of nicotine. Use of the gum was encouraged for 24 weeks.

Nicotine patch plus placebo gum

Nicotine gum (2 mg uncoated mint Nicorette®) was given for ad libitum use, with encouragement to use at least six pieces per day, up to a maximum of 20 pieces per day. Use of the gum was encouraged for 24 weeks.

Nicotine patch plus active gum

Eligibility Criteria

Age18 Years+
Sexall
Healthy VolunteersNo
Age GroupsAdult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)

You may qualify if:

  • Males and females at least 18 years old.
  • English speaking.
  • Meets criteria for alcohol dependence or alcohol abuse.
  • Must complete an alcohol detoxification program prior to entering the study.
  • Currently smoking 15 or more cigarettes per day and have at least a 3 year history of smoking.
  • Have a current desire to stop smoking and stop drinking.
  • Willing to complete followup assessments up to 12 months after treatment.
  • Willing to provide names of 2 people who can help locate the subject at followup and the name of one person who can verify information about alcohol and tobacco use.
  • One person per household.

You may not qualify if:

  • Allergy to nicotine patch or nicotine gum.
  • Weigh less than 100 pounds.
  • Use other nicotine products, such as cigars, pipes or smokeless tobacco.
  • Severe skin disorder.
  • Active peptic ulcer.
  • Active joint disease.
  • Heart attack within 3 months prior to entering the study.
  • Pregnant or breastfeeding female who are not on birth control.
  • Currently taking medication to treat alcoholism or smoking, such as naltrexone, disulfiram or bupropion.
  • Poor vision or hearing that would interfere with using a cell phone.
  • Lack of transportation to the treatment site or live at least one hour from the treatment site.
  • Homeless.

Contact the study team to confirm eligibility.

Sponsors & Collaborators

Study Sites (1)

VA Connecticut Healthcare System

Newington, Connecticut, 06111, United States

Location

Related Publications (2)

  • Cooney NL, Cooney JL, Perry BL, Carbone M, Cohen EH, Steinberg HR, Pilkey DT, Sevarino K, Oncken CA, Litt MD. Smoking cessation during alcohol treatment: a randomized trial of combination nicotine patch plus nicotine gum. Addiction. 2009 Sep;104(9):1588-96. doi: 10.1111/j.1360-0443.2009.02624.x. Epub 2009 Jun 22.

    PMID: 19549054BACKGROUND
  • Holt LJ, Litt MD, Cooney NL. Prospective analysis of early lapse to drinking and smoking among individuals in concurrent alcohol and tobacco treatment. Psychol Addict Behav. 2012 Sep;26(3):561-72. doi: 10.1037/a0026039. Epub 2011 Oct 24.

    PMID: 22023022BACKGROUND

MeSH Terms

Conditions

SmokingAlcoholism

Interventions

Cognitive Behavioral TherapyEthanolNicotine Chewing Gum

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

BehaviorAlcohol-Related DisordersSubstance-Related DisordersChemically-Induced DisordersMental Disorders

Intervention Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Behavior TherapyPsychotherapyBehavioral Disciplines and ActivitiesAlcoholsOrganic ChemicalsChewing GumPlant GumsBiopolymersPolymersMacromolecular SubstancesPolysaccharidesCarbohydratesTobacco Use Cessation DevicesTherapeuticsCandyFoodDiet, Food, and NutritionPhysiological PhenomenaFood and Beverages

Results Point of Contact

Title
Ned Cooney, PhD
Organization
Yale University School of Medicine

Study Officials

  • Ned Cooney, PhD

    Yale University

    PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

Publication Agreements

PI is Sponsor Employee
Yes

Study Design

Study Type
interventional
Phase
phase 4
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Masking
QUADRUPLE
Who Masked
PARTICIPANT, CARE PROVIDER, INVESTIGATOR, OUTCOMES ASSESSOR
Purpose
TREATMENT
Intervention Model
PARALLEL
Sponsor Type
OTHER
Responsible Party
SPONSOR

Study Record Dates

First Submitted

July 14, 2003

First Posted

July 15, 2003

Study Start

August 1, 2002

Primary Completion

July 1, 2006

Study Completion

July 1, 2006

Last Updated

August 13, 2021

Results First Posted

April 16, 2013

Record last verified: 2021-08

Locations