Using a Narcotic to Enhance the Numbing Effect of the Local Anesthetic Lidocaine on Inflamed Molar Teeth

NCT00001952 | Completed

• 2 other identifiers: 00001700-D-0017
• Study Type: observational
• Target: 275
• Locations: 1 country
• Sites: 1

Brief Summary

The effectiveness of local anesthetics is reduced if inflammation is present, making it difficult to control pain during such procedures as root canals and wisdom teeth removal. This set of studies will assess the effectiveness of the opioid (synthetic narcotic) fentanyl in enhancing the local anesthetic lidocaine (delivered with epinephrine) when used on inflamed molar teeth. In the first study, a topical anesthetic patch or a placebo will be placed on the gum tissues next to four or five lower posterior teeth. The patch will removed at either 5, 10, or 15 minutes. An electronic test that sends a light electronic impulse into the tooth, lip sensitivity testing ("Is your lip numb?"), and discomfort reports will be started immediately after removal of the patch and repeated every 5 minutes for 30 minutes. An oral surgeon will then remove the patient's wisdom teeth (tooth). In the second and third studies, a topical anesthetic will be placed on the gum tissue. An electronic test that sends a light electronic impulse into the tooth, lip sensitivity testing ("Is your lip numb?"), and discomfort reports will be started and done several times throughout the test. Then two small openings, one on each side of the tooth, will be drilled into the bony tissues surrounding the tooth. A narcotic drug fentanyl or a placebo drug will be delivered through these openings, allowing placement of the drug next to the nerves that are difficult to numb. Lidocaine, along with a small amount of epinephrine, will be delivered. An oral surgeon will then remove the patient's wisdom teeth or tooth (study 2) or do a root canal (study 3). In the fourth study, a topical anesthetic will be placed on the gum tissue. Then two small openings, one on each side of the tooth, will be drilled into the bony tissues surrounding the tooth. A narcotic drug fentanyl or a placebo drug will be delivered through these openings. Lidocaine, along with a small amount of epinephrine, will be delivered at one of three rates (15 patients for each rate). Blood pressure, heart rate, and breathing rate will be taken before the topical anesthetic patch is applied, 2 minutes after, and every 5 minutes for the next 45 minutes. Blood samples will be taken 6 times over the course of 60 minutes. When testing is complete, an oral surgeon will remove the wisdom teeth (tooth). One month later, blood samples will be taken using a different drug delivery method in order to compare results.

Conditions

Healthy; Inflammation; Mouth Disease; Pain

Keywords

Fentanyl; Intraosseous-Anesthesia; Endodontics; Denti Patch; Pain; Chronic Inflammation

Eligibility Criteria

• Sex: all
• Healthy Volunteers: No
• Age Groups: Child (0-17), Adult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)

Men and women whose mandibular molars are either: intact, caries-free, and have no signs or symptoms of pulpal disease or carious, symptomatic (to hot/cold and percussion), but have no evidence of pulpal necrosis or infection. At least one intact caries-free contralateral mandibular molar must be present. Individuals should be healthy and over the age of 16. No history of stomach ulcers, asthma, lung problems, or allergy to lidocaine, fentanyl or any of the standard or test medications. No body weight which is 30% greater or less than standard height-weight tables. No pregnant or lactating females. Also, no females who are sexually active and will not submit to a pregnancy test. No history of taking any analgesics or antihistamines for 24 hr period prior to study. No patients taking steroids or other anti-inflammatory drugs. Willing to accept root canal treatment without parenteral sedation. Willing to participate in data collection procedures. No clinically significant medical history or signs of debilitation including patients with heart, respiratory, renal, or liver dysfunction. No history of personality disorder, alcohol abuse or drug abuse. No chronic use of drugs which would confound assessment including barbituates, anticonvulsants, tranquilizers, antiarrythmics, beta blockers, and antidepressants. No patients whose mandibular molars are heavily restored (i.e., crowns, large fillings). No hypersensitivity to drugs used (epinephrine, lidocaine, fentanyl).

Contact the study team to discuss eligibility requirements. They can help determine if this study is right for you.

Sponsors & Collaborators

• National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (NIDCR): lead

Study Sites (1)

National Institute of Dental And Craniofacial Research (NIDCR)

Bethesda, Maryland, 20892, United States

Location

Related Publications (3)

• Aberg G. Studies on the duration of local anesthesia: a possible mechanism for the prolonging effect of "vasoconstrictors" on the duration of infiltration anesthesia. Int J Oral Surg. 1980 Apr;9(2):144-7. doi: 10.1016/s0300-9785(80)80051-2.

  PMID: 6773898 BACKGROUND

• Andreev N, Urban L, Dray A. Opioids suppress spontaneous activity of polymodal nociceptors in rat paw skin induced by ultraviolet irradiation. Neuroscience. 1994 Feb;58(4):793-8. doi: 10.1016/0306-4522(94)90456-1.

  PMID: 8190256 BACKGROUND

• Dionne RA, Gordon SM, McCullagh LM, Phero JC. Assessing the need for anesthesia and sedation in the general population. J Am Dent Assoc. 1998 Feb;129(2):167-73. doi: 10.14219/jada.archive.1998.0173.

  PMID: 9495047 BACKGROUND

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Inflammation; Mouth Diseases; Pain

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Pathologic Processes; Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms; Stomatognathic Diseases; Neurologic Manifestations; Signs and Symptoms

Study Design

• Study Type: observational
• Sponsor Type: NIH

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: January 18, 2000
• First Posted: January 19, 2000
• Study Start: November 1, 1999
• Study Completion: December 1, 2002
• Last Updated: March 4, 2008

Record last verified: 2002-12

Locations

US (1)